I. Purpose of the accident emergency plan
II. Overview of the boiler, boiler room and the surrounding area
III. Hazardous sources and distribution of the boiler room
IV. Main hazards and prevention
V. Emergency response to the main hazards of the steam boiler
VI. Disposal procedures
VII. Points
eight, emergency evacuation plan
nine, the end of the emergency
ten, organization and division of labor
one, the development of this accident emergency plan purpose
In order to conscientiously carry out the implementation of the "safety first, prevention first," the policy of production safety, adhere to the people-centered, in order to effectively prevent accidents and in case of an accident, the main purpose is to prevent the occurrence of accidents and to prevent the occurrence of accidents. Effectively prevent accidents and in the event of accidents can be scientific, reasonable, orderly, prepared to deal with accidents, reduce the loss of people and property, combined with the unit's own actual situation, specially formulated this plan.
Two, boiler, boiler room and the surrounding situation
1, boiler type:
2, boiler room (floor space, open door):
3, the surrounding situation
(1) the surrounding buildings, the distribution of people, the storage of hazardous materials and other conditions;
(2) the road, the water supply situation, the fire escape, the fire fighting equipment situation.
Three, the boiler room of the sources of danger and distribution
1, the steam boiler there are the following dangers:
Steam boiler in operation in the event of a special situation can be overpressure, lack of water, burst pipe and other accidents. If not properly handled will cause boiler explosion.
Boiler explosion when the boiler cylinder rupture, the pot of a certain pressure of the steam mixture from the rupture quickly rushed out, its energy is immediately released, instantly reduced to atmospheric pressure and rapid expansion of vaporization, resulting in a huge force and shock waves. A loud bang furnace body was thrown up building was damaged, the nearby personnel were seriously injured. The destructive force of the boiler explosion depends mainly on the explosion pressure and saturated water volume.
Explosion causes:
(1) boiler operating pressure exceeds the boiler pressure. Due to unauthorized operation, boiler safety accessories failure or safety interlock device failure, and the operating pressure exceeds the boiler pressure, and rupture caused by the explosion.
(2) the boiler pressure element defects or damage, reducing their own pressure and rupture caused by the explosion.
2, the boiler room there are the following dangers:
(1) due to the boiler explosion caused by the collapse of the house;
(2) due to the boiler explosion and other causes of fire.
3, the following dangers exist in the surrounding buildings:
(1) due to the boiler explosion caused by the collapse of the surrounding buildings;
(2) due to the boiler room fire caused by fires in the surrounding buildings;
(3) due to explosions, fires caused by the surrounding hazardous materials, flammable and explosive materials, secondary explosions, the proliferation of toxic gases, etc..
Four, the main hazards of steam boiler emergency disposal
1, hazardous sources of monitoring
Boiler monitoring, steam boiler regular inspections and monitor the pressure, water level, temperature and combustion at any time in order to control the boiler operating conditions. And take timely measures to ensure safety.
2, steam boiler operation in the event of special circumstances:
(1) boiler water shortage
Phenomenon: boiler water shortage, water level table below the limit of the water level is not visible, the water level alarm issued by the water level alarm, the bell lights, low water interlocking device to make the blower, induced draft fan, such as shutdown operation; boiler exhaust temperature rises, the lack of water is serious, the top of the furnace production of scorch! Lake flavor, from the furnace door can be seen burning red water-cooled wall pipe, furnace tube deformation or even burst pipe, can hear the bursting sound, steam and smoke from the furnace door to see the fire door out.
Processing: judged to be a serious water shortage, should be an emergency stop, serious water shortage boiler is strictly prohibited to the boiler into the water. Immediately stop the supply of fuel, stop the blower to weaken the induced draft, the front of the grate coal grill out of the furnace, the grate switch maximum, so that combustion quickly fall into the slag hopper, water, the furnace fire extinguished, stop the induced draft, open the ash door, the furnace door to promote the accelerated cooling. Note: It is strictly prohibited to give water to the boiler, shall not take measures to quickly reduce the pressure to prevent the expansion of the accident, shall not be taken to the hearth to pour water to extinguish the fire method to extinguish the fire.
(2) boiler overpressure
Phenomenon: steam pressure rises sharply, exceeding the allowable working pressure, the pressure gauge pointer over the "red line", the safety valve action, the pressure is still rising, issued an alarm signal of overpressure, the steam temperature rises and the reduction of steam flow.
Treatment: quickly reduce combustion, manually open the safety valve or venting valve, increase the water supply, increase sewage (at this time, pay attention to maintain the normal level of boiler), reduce the temperature of the pot water to reduce the boiler ladle pressure.
(3) boiler burst
Phenomenon: water-cooled wall pipe burst can be heard obvious bursting sound or jet sound, the furnace from the negative pressure combustion until the pressure combustion, and there is smoke and steam from the fire watchers door, door and other not tightly sprayed out, although the amount of water to increase, but the normal level of water is difficult to maintain and air pressure is reduced to the water supply abnormally greater than the amount of steam, the exhaust temperature is lowered, chimneys white smoke, the hearth The temperature is lowered, or even extinguished, and water flows out of the bottom of the boiler.
Treatment: furnace tube rupture is not serious and can maintain the water level, the accident does not expand, can be a short period of time to reduce the load running, serious burst tube and the water level can not be maintained, must be an emergency stop the furnace. But the induced draft should not stop, should continue to water, reduce the temperature of the wall. Such as: due to lack of water and tube wall overheating, and burst tube, the furnace should be stopped in an emergency, prohibited to the boiler water, as soon as possible to withdraw from the furnace residual fire, reduce the temperature of the furnace, reduce the boiler overheating.
(4) steam boiler will also produce full of water, steam **** vacate the scene of the accident, should take timely and effective measures to give the elimination.
(5) boiler operation, in the event of one of the following circumstances, the boiler should be stopped immediately:
(a) boiler water level below the lowest visible edge of the water table;
(b) constantly increase the water supply to take other measures, but the water level continues to fall;
(c) boiler water level exceeds the highest visible water level, by the release of water can not see the water level;
(d) The feed water pump fails completely or the feed water system fails to deliver water to the boiler;
(e) The water level gauge or safety valve fails completely;
(f) The pressure gauge set in the vapor space fails completely;
(g) The boiler components are damaged and endanger the safety of the operating personnel.
V. Main dangers and prevention
1, the boiler is not on schedule for periodic inspection, the security situation is not clear - on time for inspection
2, the boiler water quality is not specified, the water treatment fails to meet the requirements - to improve the water quality Improve water treatment measures
3, the safety valve is not on schedule for inspection - on time to send inspection
4, the safety valve rusted to death - to strengthen the maintenance of regular manual opening
5, the pressure gauge is damaged or overdue measurement -Replacement or sent for inspection
6, managers, operators are not licensed, unskilled operation -Send training, strengthen the internal licensing
7, boiler room is not required- -Rectification
Six, disposal procedures
Boiler in operation, such as boiler water shortage, boiler overpressure, boiler burst tube and other safety accidents, by the operator in accordance with operating procedures and accident handling measures, the situation still continues to expand and can not be controlled, the occurrence of a boiler explosion or a possible boiler explosion, the first person to find out the person on duty to report. Explain the accident situation, the current emergency rescue treatment, etc..
A) Alarm
(1) the first discoverer (duty officer) immediately find the nearest phone ---- alarm,
alarm phone: 110 119 120
(2) by phone to the emergency commander (deputy commander-in-chief) to report accidents
Emergency telephone list:
B) Receiving the report
The report should be asked by the receiving officer. p>The person receiving the report should ask for the name, unit and contact number of the reporter; ask for the time, place and cause of the accident; report to the higher authorities and make a good record of the call.
C) Formation of rescue team
(1) After receiving the alarm call, the emergency commander or deputy commander-in-chief will immediately notify the leading group of emergency commanders and the relevant members to arrive at the scene of the accident
(2) Upon receipt of the notification, all the members of the leading group of emergency commanders will immediately organize their own staffs and rescue equipments, and then rushed to the scene of the accident to report to the chief commander-in-chief of the scene to accept the task, to Understand the disaster situation at the scene and implement unified rescue work.
D) according to the division of labor of each group to carry out rescue
seven, the accident disposal points
A) found that the boiler is seriously short of water should be an emergency shutdown, stripped out of the hearth red fire. The boiler should immediately stop the fuel supply to stop combustion, strictly prohibit water into the boiler.
B) the furnace tube should be emergency stop after a serious burst.
C) furnace explosion, secondary combustion should be immediately cut off the fuel supply, stop the blower and induced draft fan, close the flue door.
D) fuel oil, heat transfer oil leakage should immediately cut off the inlet (outlet) valve, and take appropriate measures to extinguish the fire.
E) serious boiler explosion should be timely rescue personnel, to prevent the building from continuing to collapse and injuries, according to the fire requirements for proper fire extinguishing, to prevent the surrounding flammable and explosive materials secondary explosion.
Eight, emergency evacuation plan
A) principles
In the event of an accident dangerous situation, the site commanders first evacuate unrelated personnel to evacuate the danger zone;
As long as the accident dangerous situation can not be controlled, involving the lives of workers, immediately issued an emergency evacuation order, emergency evacuation orders can only be issued by the emergency commander-in-chief;
Dangerous situation on the scene of the commanders personnel to determine the scene of the rescue personnel all evacuated before evacuation.
After the evacuation order is issued, depending on the location and direction of the accident and danger, the nearest route and the least amount of time, rapid evacuation. Under special circumstances, the evacuation can be over the wall or take other measures.
B) Emergency Evacuation Procedures
(1) In the process of rescue, the chief emergency commander always pays attention to the changes of the accident danger, and if the danger can't be controlled, an emergency evacuation order should be given;
(2) the emergency evacuation order should be conveyed to every person in every department in time, and all departments should organize the evacuation of the personnel quickly;
(3) the evacuation should be carried out in sequence according to the Emergency evacuation routes in an orderly manner
C) Emergency evacuation roadmap
D) The main methods of emergency evacuation and self-rescue
Generally, the vast majority of people in distress can safely evacuate or self-rescue themselves out of harm's way. Therefore, it is necessary to have a firm sense of self-rescue, not to panic, but to observe calmly and strive for feasible measures for evacuation and self-rescue.
(1) When evacuating, if there are more people or the visibility is very poor, you should quickly evacuate the scene of the accident under the leadership of the person who is familiar with the layout of the evacuation channel. The leader can be led by a rope, with "follow me" shouting or tugging back and forth on the lapel of the method will be withdrawn to the outdoors or a safe place.
(2) in the evacuation of the accident scene on the way to be surrounded by smoke, because the smoke is generally upward flow, the ground smoke is relatively thin, so you can strive to walk or crawl through the smoke in a low position; if possible, available wet towel covering the mouth, nose, or a short breathing method, breathing through the nose, and quickly withdrawn from the smoke zone.
(3) building downstairs fire, upstairs people do not panic, should be based on the scene of different situations for the correct self-help measures.
(4) fire once their own clothes and hats on fire, should be as soon as possible to take off their clothes and hats, if it is too late to tear the clothes and throw them away, remember not to run, that will make the body of the fire more and more burned, but also to bring the fire to other places, causing new fires; body fire can be laying down on the ground to roll, to put the body of the fire pressure extinguished. The people present can help to extinguish the fire.
Nine, the end of the emergency
The accident is under control, eliminating the potential for recurrence of the accident, the end of the emergency. The work office is responsible for summarizing the accident, summarizing and filing the duty records and other information, and drafting the materials for reporting. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the report to the local government and relevant departments.
Ten, organization and division of labor
1, the company occurred (or is likely to occur) a death of three people or a death and injury of six people and more than the boiler equipment of serious accidents;
2, the company occurred in the nature of a particularly bad, the economic loss of more than 1 million yuan, resulting in a serious impact on the social impact of the boiler equipment accidents.
The unit set up a major accident emergency rescue command leading group consists of. In his absence for some reason, full command of the rescue work
Scene disposal group:
1, under unified command, according to the accident disposal procedures to correctly carry out on-site disposal of accidents, to minimize the loss of
2, in the field disposal to ensure the safety of personnel, including their own safety.
Vigilance and evacuation group:
1, is responsible for arranging the security guard to ensure that the scene is in order, the implementation of traffic control, to ensure that the site of the road;
2, strengthen the security work, prohibit unrelated personnel and vehicles
3, command the evacuation of emergency personnel
Logistical support group:
1, is responsible for the supply and protection of emergency supplies under the state of emergency;
2, the emergency supplies under the state of emergency;
3, the emergency supplies under the state of emergency. The supply of emergency supplies under the security;
2, responsible for the security of transportation vehicles.
Communication and liaison group:
1, is responsible for emergency rescue process of communication and liaison, to ensure smooth communication, common telephone should always be available to ensure that emergency timely to the relevant parties
2, is responsible for the coordination of the groups and the contact with external agencies, coordination
Medical rescue group:
1, is responsible for contacting medical institutions;
2, organization of rescue and medical institutions;
3, is responsible for the emergency response to the emergency. >
2, the organization of ambulance vehicles and medical personnel, equipment into the designated location;
3, the organization of the scene to rescue the injured.