Notice of the Ministry of Health on the Issuance of the Ministry of Health's Health Emergency Response Plan for Nuclear and Radiation Accidents
Health Emergency Response [2009] No. 101
Provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government Health Department and Bureau, the Health Bureau of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Ministry of Health's Medical Emergency Response Center for Nuclear Accidents:
In order to meet the new situation of nuclear emergency response in China, the Ministry organized a review of the Ministry of Health's Health Emergency Response Plan for Nuclear and Radiation Accidents (the "Ministry of Health Nuclear Emergency Response Plan"). In order to adapt to the current emergency response to nuclear accidents in China's new situation, and to further improve the health emergency response to nuclear and radiation accidents, the Ministry of Health organized the "Ministry of Health Emergency Response Plan for Nuclear Accidents and Radiation Accidents" (Health Law Supervision and Administration of the 53rd 〔2003〕) has been revised. The revised "Ministry of Health Nuclear Accident and Radiation Accident Health Emergency Response Plan" is hereby issued to you, please organize and implement it seriously.
October 15, 2009 The organizational system for health emergency response to nuclear and radiation accidents is shown in Figure 1. (Omitted)
2.1.1 Ministry of Health Health Leading Group for Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents
The Ministry of Health Leading Group for Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents is chaired by the head of the competent ministry in the Ministry of Health, and its members are composed of the relevant departments, bureaus and units of the Ministry of Health ****same as those of the Ministry of Health (for composition of personnel, please see Attachment 1), and its main responsibilities are:
(1) to carry out the implementation of the national guidelines and emergency response plan for emergency response to nuclear and radiation accidents. The main responsibilities of the committee are:
(1) to implement the national guidelines for nuclear and radiation emergency response and the emergency response plan;
(2) to review the Ministry of Health's health emergency response plan for nuclear and radiation accidents and related work specifications;
(3) to command and coordinate the national health emergency response preparedness for nuclear and radiation accidents;
(4) to guide the local health authorities in their health emergency preparedness for nuclear and radiation accidents and their response work;
(5) organizing and coordinating international rescue work for health emergency response to nuclear and radiation accidents.
2.1.2 Office of the Leading Group of Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents of the Ministry of Health
The Office of the Leading Group of Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents of the Ministry of Health (hereinafter referred to as the Nuclear and Radiation Emergency Response Office of the Ministry of Health) is a permanent office of the Leading Group of Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents of the Ministry of Health and is located in the Office of Health Emergency Response of the Ministry of Health (for its composition, see Annex 2). Its main responsibilities are:
(1) to be responsible for the daily work of the Leading Group of Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents of the Ministry of Health, and to undertake the work assigned by the Leading Group of Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents of the Ministry of Health;
(2) to organize the preparation of the Ministry of Health's Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents and related work specifications;
(3) to organize and carry out the State's health emergency preparedness and response work in the event of a nuclear and radiation accident (3) organizing and carrying out national health emergency preparedness and response for nuclear and radiation accidents;
(4) organizing and coordinating or guiding local health departments to carry out health emergency preparedness and response for nuclear and radiation accidents;
(5) being in charge of communication, liaison and coordination of work with members of the National Nuclear Accident Emergency Response Coordination Committee (NNARCC) and the State Office for Emergency Response in the Event of a Nuclear Accident (hereinafter referred to as the State Office for Emergency Response in the Event of a Nuclear Accident (SOERNAA));
(6) responsible for the management of the Ministry of Health Health Advisory Group of Experts on Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents;(7) organizing and carrying out international rescue work on health emergency response to nuclear and radiation accidents.
2.1.3 Ministry of Health Nuclear and Radiation Accident Health Emergency Response Expert Advisory Group
The Ministry of Health Nuclear and Radiation Accident Health Emergency Response Expert Advisory Group consists of domestic experts in the fields of radiology, radiation hygiene, radiation protection, and nuclear safety, whose main duties are:
(1) to provide advice and suggestions on the preparation for and response to nuclear and radiation accidents. advice and participate in rescue preparation and response;
(2) participate in the formulation and revision of the Ministry of Health's health emergency response plan for nuclear and radiation accidents;
(3) participate in and provide guidance on health emergency response training and exercises for nuclear and radiation accidents;
(4) participate in the hygienic evaluation of nuclear and radiation accidents.
2.1.4 Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency Response Center of the Ministry of Health
The Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency Response Center of the Ministry of Health (hereinafter referred to as the Nuclear Emergency Response Center of the Ministry of Health) is located in the Institute of Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Medicine of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The Nuclear Emergency Response Center of the Ministry of Health has set up a clinical department, monitoring and evaluation department and technical support department. The first clinical department is located in the Institute of Radiation Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Blood Disease Hospital, the second clinical department is located in the Third Hospital of Peking University and the People's Hospital, the third clinical department is located in the People's Liberation Army's 307 Hospital, the monitoring and evaluation department is located in the Institute of Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Medicine of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the technical backup department is located in the Academy of Military Medical Sciences. The main responsibilities of the Nuclear Emergency Response Center of the Ministry of Health are:
(1) to participate in the formulation and revision of the Ministry of Health's health emergency response plan for nuclear and radiological accidents, work norms, and technical standards;
(2) to do the Ministry of Health's technical work on the preparation for and response to health emergencies in nuclear and radiological accidents;
(3) to implement technical guidance on the preparation for and response to local health systems' health emergency response to nuclear and radiological accidents (3) to provide technical guidance to local health systems in preparing for and responding to nuclear and radiation accidents;
(4) to undertake the day-to-day work of the Ministry of Health's Advisory Group of Experts on Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents;
(5) to undertake the day-to-day work of the Ministry of Health's health emergency response team construction and management in relation to nuclear and radiation accidents;
(6) to be responsible for the management and day-to-day operation of the Ministry of Health's health emergency response technical support system in relation to nuclear and radiation accidents;
(7) assuming the responsibilities of the Standby Command Center for Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents of the Ministry of Health;
(8) organizing and carrying out the evaluation of the health effects of nuclear and radiation accidents, and guiding the implementation of long-term medical follow-up for those who have been irradiated with more than the annual dose limit. The main responsibilities of the provincial, municipal (prefecture) and county-level health administrative departments are:
(1) to formulate health emergency response plans for nuclear and radiation accidents under their jurisdiction;
(2) to organize and implement health emergency preparedness and response for nuclear and radiation accidents under their jurisdiction, and to provide guidance and support to the lower-level health administrative departments under their jurisdiction to carry out health emergency response for nuclear and radiation accidents;
(3) to designate the relevant medical institutions to carry out health effect evaluations of persons exposed to radiation in excess of the annual dose limit; and >(3) designate relevant medical institutions and radiation health institutions to undertake the health emergency response work for nuclear and radiation accidents within the jurisdiction;
(4) be responsible for the management of experts and teams for health emergency response to nuclear and radiation accidents within the jurisdiction;
(5) be responsible for the coordination with other relevant departments at the same level. 2.3.1 State-level Nuclear and Radiation Injury Treatment Bases
The main tasks of the state-level nuclear and radiation injury treatment bases are: to undertake the task of providing medical treatment support for nuclear and radiation accidents nationwide, to carry out the monitoring of the dose of radiation exposure to the personnel and the evaluation of the impact on their health, as well as the on-site guidance for the health emergency response to especially major nuclear and radiation accidents; and to carry out the training of and guidance on the techniques of treatment for radiation injuries.
2
2.3.2 Provincial Nuclear and Radiation Injury Treatment Bases
The main tasks of the provincial nuclear and radiation injury treatment bases are: to undertake the treatment and medical follow-up of radiation-injured personnel in nuclear and radiation accidents under their jurisdiction, as well as the monitoring of the dose of radiation exposure received by the personnel and the evaluation of the impact on their health; and to assist neighboring provinces in carrying out the treatment and medical follow-up of radiation-injured personnel in nuclear and radiation accidents. It also assists neighboring provinces in providing medical treatment and follow-up for radiation-injured persons in nuclear and radiation accidents, as well as in monitoring and evaluating the health impact of the doses of radiation exposure received by such persons, and is responsible for the on-site medical treatment of persons injured in nuclear and radiation accidents. Relying on national and provincial nuclear and radiation injury treatment bases, it has improved the health emergency response network for nuclear and radiation accidents, strengthened the construction of health emergency response organizations and personnel for nuclear and radiation accidents, established and improved the mechanism for information communication and technical cooperation, and continually improved the health emergency response capacity for nuclear and radiation accidents.
The Ministry of Health is responsible for the operation and management of the national-level nuclear and radiation injury treatment bases, and the health administrative departments of the relevant provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government are responsible for the operation and management of the provincial-level nuclear and radiation injury treatment bases under their jurisdiction. The emergency status of nuclear power plants is categorized into four levels, namely: emergency standby, plant emergency, site emergency and off-site emergency (general emergency). The emergency status of other nuclear facilities is generally categorized into three levels, namely: emergency standby, plant emergency, and site emergency. Potentially dangerous nuclear facilities can be implemented off-site emergency (overall emergency).
(1) emergency standby. The emergence of a state of working conditions or events that may jeopardize the safety of the nuclear power plant. After the declaration of emergency standby, rapid measures should be taken to mitigate the consequences and evaluation, strengthen the response preparedness of the operating units, and as appropriate, strengthen the response preparedness of the local government.
(2) Plant emergency. The state in which a release of radioactive material has occurred or may be imminent, but the actual or expected radiological consequences are limited to a localized area of the site. After declaring a plant emergency, the operating unit shall take prompt action to mitigate the consequences of the accident and to protect personnel at the site.
(3) Site emergency. Radiation consequences of the accident has been or may be extended to the entire site, but the site boundary radiation levels have not or are not expected to reach the intervention level of the state. After declaring a site emergency, prompt action should be taken to mitigate the consequences of the accident and protect site personnel, and to prepare for protective action off-site, as appropriate.
(4) Off-site emergency (general emergency). Radiation consequences of the accident has been or is expected to be beyond the boundaries of the site, the need to take urgent protective action off-site state. After declaring an off-site emergency, rapid action should be taken to mitigate the consequences of the accident and protect site personnel and the affected public. 4.2.1 Plant Emergency State
In the plant emergency state, the Nuclear and Radiation Emergency Response Office of the Ministry of Health received the notification from the State Nuclear Emergency Response Office on the situation of nuclear accidents, and then promptly reported to the relevant leaders of the Leading Group of Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents of the Ministry of Health and notified the Nuclear Emergency Response Center of the Ministry of Health. The Nuclear Emergency Response Center of the Ministry of Health strengthens its duty (telephone on duty 24 hours a day). The professional and technical departments to enter a state of readiness, ready for health emergencies, according to the instructions to implement the health emergency.
4.2.2 Site Emergency State
In the site emergency state, the Ministry of Health Nuclear and Radiation Emergency Response Office received the State Nuclear Emergency Response Office on the situation of nuclear accidents notification, the Director of the Nuclear and Radiation Emergency Response Office of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Health Nuclear and Radiation Emergency Response Health Emergency Response Leadership Group relevant leaders to enter the Ministry of Health Nuclear and Radiation Emergency Response Health Emergency Response Command Center to guide the work of emergency response. The specialized technical departments of the Nuclear Emergency Response Center of the Ministry of Health enter the field emergency state, make preparations for the health emergency, and implement the health emergency according to the instructions. Ministry of Health nuclear accidents and radiation accidents, health emergency leading group in a timely manner to the National Nuclear Accident Emergency Coordination Committee (hereinafter referred to as the National Nuclear Emergency Coordination Committee) to report on health emergency preparedness and implementation of health emergency.
4.2.3 Off-site Emergency (Overall Emergency) State
In the off-site emergency (overall emergency) state, the Nuclear and Radiation Emergency Response Office of the Ministry of Health receives the instructions of the State Nuclear Accident Emergency Coordination Committee on the health emergency response to a nuclear accident, the head of the Health Emergency Response Leadership Group for Nuclear and Radiation Accidents of the Ministry of Health and the relevant personnel into the Ministry of Health Health Health Health Emergency Response Command Center for Nuclear and Radiation Accidents. Center to command the health emergency response. The specialized technical departments of the Nuclear Emergency Response Center of the Ministry of Health enter the off-site emergency response state and implement the health emergency response tasks in accordance with the instructions of the Nuclear and Radiation Emergency Response Office of the Ministry of Health. The Leading Group for Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiation Accidents of the Ministry of Health reports the progress of health emergency response to the State Nuclear Accident Emergency Coordination Committee in a timely manner.
4.2.4 Termination of Health Emergency Response
When the health emergency response to a nuclear accident is completed, and the sick and injured are treated in the designated medical institutions, the Leading Group of Health Emergency Response to Nuclear and Radiological Accidents of the Ministry of Health may announce the termination of the health emergency response to a nuclear accident and report the information on the termination of the response and a written summary report in a timely manner to the State Emergency Response Coordination Committee for Nuclear Accidents. When a nuclear accident occurs and a nuclear accident health emergency response is required, the local nuclear accident health emergency response organization shall implement the health emergency response according to the instructions of the local nuclear accident emergency response organization or the Ministry of Health's Nuclear Accident and Radiation Emergency Response Leading Group, put forward the measures and suggestions for medical treatment and protection of the public's health, and do a good job in the nuclear accident health emergency response, and if necessary, may ask for the support of the higher-level nuclear accident health emergency response organization.
(1) Classification of the injured: preliminary classification of the injured according to the injury, radioactive contamination and radiation exposure.
(2) casualty care: emergency care for the critically ill and injured, non-radiation injury and radiation injury of less than moderate degree sent to the local health administrative department designated medical institutions for treatment, moderate and above radiation injury sent to the provincial health administrative department designated medical institutions or nuclear and radiation injury treatment base for treatment. In order to avoid continued exposure to radiation, the injured should be quickly evacuated from the scene of the accident.
(3) Treatment of contaminated casualties: radioactive contamination detection of the injured who may be and have been contaminated by radioactivity, decontamination of contaminated casualties to prevent the spread of contamination.
(4) Estimation of irradiated dose: collection of biological samples and items for estimating the irradiated dose of personnel, and estimation of radiation dose for personnel who may have been irradiated beyond the annual dose limit.
(5) Public protection: issuing and guiding the taking of radiation protection medicines as needed, guiding the public in personal protection, and carrying out prevention and treatment of psychological effects; and proposing measures to protect public health according to the situation.
(6) Radioactivity Monitoring of Drinking Water and Food: Participate in the radioactivity monitoring of drinking water and food, and make suggestions as to whether drinking water and food can be consumed or not.
(7) Protection of health emergency personnel: health emergency personnel should do a good job of individual protection to minimize the dose of radiation exposure.
See Figure 2 for the process of health emergency response to nuclear accidents, and see Annex 3 for the process of health emergency treatment. 4.4.1 Process Evaluation
Aiming at the process of health emergency response to nuclear accidents in all aspects, the effectiveness of the treatment measures and the negative effects of the assessment, assessment and prediction of the impact of the hazards of injuries and public health, and summarize the experience and lessons learned in a timely manner, and revise the technical program.
4.4.2 Terminal assessment
After the completion of the health emergency response to nuclear accidents, all relevant departments should summarize the successful experience in the process of health emergency response in a timely manner, improve the problems and weaknesses, modify and improve the health emergency response plan for nuclear accidents in a timely manner, improve the human resources and the system, and continuously improve the capacity of the health emergency response to nuclear accidents. The assessment report is reported to the people's government at the same level of the nuclear accident emergency response organization and the higher level of health administration.
Figure 2 Nuclear Accident Health Emergency Response Process (Omitted)