Tools and materials for hand-drawn design
The forms of hand-drawn design are divided into categories, each with its own specialization, and the study of hand-drawn design is a process that goes on throughout a career for architects, researchers, scholars, designers, and other design-drawing-related professions. What are the tools and materials for hand-drawn design? Find out below!
1. Basic tools
1) Drawing utensils: drawing pencils, automatic pencils, syringe pens, signing pens, colored water markers, microphone pens, gold, silver, black and white pens, highlighters, brushes, airbrushes, rows of brushes, watercolor pencils, duckbill pens, dipping pens, iron pens, and so on.
Drawing pencils, automatic pencils, syringe pens, signing pens: the most common tools used to draw the first draft of the design.
Colored watermarkers, mike pens, brushes: used for drawing and coloring.
Gold, silver, black and white pen, duckbill pen: used for detailing, outlining and engraving, drawing the highlights of the object.
Rows of pens, spray pens: used to paint the background, coloring large areas.
2). Drawing instruments
Drawing tools, it is desirable to seek correct, precise, high-quality products, small error for good drawing instruments.
Ruler, ruler, curve ruler, tape measure, magnifying ruler, scale, triangular plate, groove ruler (self-made, not available on the market), cutting ruler, universal plotter, large compass and so on.
3). Other utensils
Color mixing utensils: palette, dish, pen wash. Color markers, tracing table, drafting table, tools (including paper cutter, engraving mold with a variety of knives and knives, and glue tape).
2. Application of materials
With the rapid development of industrial design and technology, design materials are changing rapidly, a variety of design workers as long as they pay attention to the information of the material, timely and appropriate selection of materials, used in the design, you can get twice the results with half the effort.
1). Pigments
Watercolor paints, acrylic paints, advertising paints, Chinese paints, fluorescent paints, colored inks, pen ink, dyes, and photographic transparent colors.
2). Paper
The paper used for design is particularly numerous and varied, and generally all types of paper on the market can be used. Use according to their own needs. But too thin, too soft paper should not be used. General paper texture stronger drawing paper, watercolor, watercolor paper, white cardboard (double-sided card, single-sided card), coated paper and tracing paper can be used. There are imported mike pen paper, cold-pressed and hot-pressed paper for illustration, synthetic paper, colored cardboard, transfer paper, pattern transfer paper, etc., which are ideal for drawing. However, each type of paper needs to be matched with the characteristics of the tool to present a different texture, if the selection of the wrong material, it will cause unnecessary `bundle of interference, reduce the speed of drawing and performance. For example, a flat microphone pen will not work on smooth cardstock or on paper that is highly permeable.
3. Several materials and painting characteristics
1). Watercolor Paint
Watercolor paint is the traditional material used to paint designs until today. Most watercolor paints are transparent. To make a design simple and quick to complete, just use the lines as the main body and then apply watercolor colors. Such as pencil light color, pen light color. Watercolor can enhance the transparency of the product, especially used in the texture of transparent objects such as glass, metal, reflective surfaces, etc. Transparent and reflective surfaces are well suited for watercolor representation. When coloring, go from light to dark, and avoid overlapping strokes as much as possible. When painting brown or dark green, you should try to be careful not to stain the picture.
2. Advertisement pigment
Advertisement pigment has considerable concentration, strong covering power, suitable for thicker methods. The brush path can be overlapped, in emphasizing the design of large areas, or want to emphasize the strength of the original color, or more turning surface, the most appropriate to paint with advertising color, advertising color should not be adjusted too thick or too thin, too thick with sticky, difficult to drag the pen away from the color layer also appears too dry to crack, too thin will be detrimental to the beauty of the picture.
3). Microphone pen
Microphone pen is a versatile tool, its superiority lies in the ease of use, quick-drying, can improve the speed of painting, which today has become a design studio, interior decoration, clothing design, architectural design, stage design and other areas of the necessary tools. There are many styles of microphone pens, only two commonly used ones are introduced here.
(1) water-based
No permeability, water that is dissolved, the painting effect is the same as watercolor, the shape of the pen water has a quadrilateral thick, pointed, square, suitable for painting large areas and thick lines, pointed for painting fine lines and fine detailing.
(2) Oily
With permeability, evaporation faster, usually toluene as a solvent, the scope of use, can be used on any surface, such as glass, plastic surfaces can be attached, with advertising colors and printing color effects. Because it does not dissolve in water, so also to be mixed with water-based microphone pen, without destroying the traces of water-based microphone pen. The advantages of the microphone pen is fast drying, writing fluent, can be overlapped painting, more can be added to a variety of colors, so that it has a glossy, and then according to the nature of the microphone pen, oil and water-based penetration of the situation is different, therefore, in the paintings, you must be careful to understand the nature of the paper and the pen, and each other, and practice, in order to be able to get used to it, have significant results.
4. airbrush
The airbrush is a precision instrument that can create very detailed lines and soft gradient effect. At the time, the airbrush was used to help photographers and painters as a modifier. But soon the potential function of the airbrush was recognized by people, has been widely used and development. The artistic expression of the airbrush, but also exquisite, the image of the carving is perfect, unique, dark and light levels of delicate and natural, soft colors. With the rapid development of science and technology, airbrush pigments are increasingly diversified and specialized. The scope of application of the airbrush is getting wider and wider. It has been involved in all the fields related to beautifying people's lives, and the works can be seen in art halls, advertisement posters, commercial illustrations, cover design, advertising photography, calendars, paintings, architectural paintings and comprehensive paintings. Airbrush technique in higher art institutions as a compulsory course, become a powerful expression of art modeling techniques.
Airbrush commonly used pigments
Generally speaking, all the pigment solvent blending, the particles are relatively small, can be used as airbrush pigments.
Watercolor, resin, oil type of these three types of pigments, watercolor class is the most widely used, the following is introduced to the watercolor class.
Watercolor class includes: watercolor, powder (advertising pigments), ink, color ink, Chinese painting colors.
Watercolor: refers to the tube, it has a translucent nature, fine particles, strong adhesion, but weak coverage, if and watercolor sets, the effect is better.
Watercolor: widely used, pure pigment, bright colors, opaque, with strong coverage.
Chinese painting color: both gouache, watercolor features, is the ideal airbrush pigment.
Each color should master its nature, such as black and other mineral pigments coarse particles, need to be ground and then used later. Such as peach, eosin, rose red and other colors are covered by the poorer power, often panchromatic phenomenon, spray painting should be used with caution. Ink is an opaque black pigment, the color quality is fine and uniform, it is the best pigment for airbrush works in black and white. Color ink pigment is composed of microparticles, has a unique luster and distinctive hue, good transparency, can supplement the color of the picture without losing the structure of the picture clear, but also can be mixed with other pigments.
With more and more airbrushes, the pigments are becoming more and more specialized, and foreign countries have produced professional airbrush pigments, which are highly favored by the art world, and the expression of its artistic language is more perfect and more mature.
5. Computer
With the rapid development of science and technology, the computer has become a means of the latest design.
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