On January 28, 1905, Jiang Qixian was born into a small businessman family in Loudi Town, Xiangxiang County.
In 1922, he was admitted to Changsha Guangya Middle School to study. In 1923, she transferred to Xiangya Hospital to study nursing, and soon entered Xiangya Medical College to study.
After graduating from the nursing school of Hunan Xiangya Hospital in 1925, he served as a military doctor in the 1st Battalion of the 12th Regiment of the 3rd Division of the Hunan Army.
In 1926, he joined the Second Regiment of the First Division of the National Revolutionary Army as a military doctor and participated in the Northern Expedition. After the failure of the First Revolution, he still served as a military medical officer in the Ninth Division of the Kuomintang Army.
In 1931, he served as the Lieutenant Colonel Military Medical Director of the Ninth Division Military Medical Office. In September of the same year, he was captured in the battle of Laoyingpan, Jiangxi, and joined the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. He successively served as the medical director of the Seventh Division of the Red Army, director of the Military Medical Department, deputy minister and minister of the Ministry of Health of the First Red Army Corps, minister of the Ministry of Health of the First Red Army, and deputy minister and minister of the General Health Department of the Central Military Commission. He summarized the actual situation in the Soviet area, revised the "Health Regulations", established and improved health institutions at all levels, established pharmaceutical factories, expanded the Red Army Health School, and trained medical and health personnel to improve the medical situation of the Red Army.
In December 1935, Jiang Qixian joined the Communist Party of China.
In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, he served as the Minister of General Health of the Eighth Route Army. He led the former General Ministry of Health to station in Wutai County, Shanxi Province, and actively carried out field rescue and training of local health personnel. He presided over the formulation of the "Provisional Work Regulations of the Health Department" and the "Provisional Health Regulations", which systematically summarized the fine traditions and styles of the people's army's health work, and played a positive role in promoting the institutionalization and standardization of the health work of the entire army.
In July 1938, in order to celebrate his mother's 70th birthday and in recognition of his superb medical skills, Mao Zedong personally wrote a birthday curtain to the "Wise Mother of the Country" and asked him to give it to his mother.
In May 1939, he wrote the article "Implementation of Field Health Service in the Protracted War of Resistance" and published it in the "Eighth Route Army Military and Political Journal". It was of great significance in guiding the military's health work in the Protracted War of Resistance and was well received. Appreciation from Mao Zedong and other central leaders. In the winter of the same year, he went to Yan'an Marxist-Leninist College for further study.
In February 1941, he served as Minister of General Health Department of the Eighth Route Army.
In April 1942, he served as Minister of Health and Political Commissar of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region. He initiated the establishment of the Medical Steering Committee of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, founded the magazine "Health Construction", and served as editor-in-chief. He played an important role in exchanging medical work experience and improving the quality of health personnel in the region. He sent a large number of on-the-job health personnel to the Bethune Health School for training, preparing a large number of well-trained medical staff for the anti-Japanese counterattack.
After Japan surrendered, he organized the reception of health institutions, equipment, and medicines from the puppet troops. At the same time, he actively treated the sick and wounded and carried out surprise treatments.
In 1947, he served as Minister of Health and Political Commissar of the North China Military Region, and founded the "Health Work Herald".
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, he successively served as deputy minister and minister of the Ministry of Health of the Central Military Commission, vice president of the Military Commission's Advanced Logistics School, and director of education of the logistics school.
In 1954, he took the initiative to serve as director and political commissar of the Veterinary Bureau of the General Logistics Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and founded the "Veterinary Work Newsletter". At that time, the status of veterinarians was low, and there were many difficulties, making it difficult to carry out their work. In more than two years, he completely changed the face of the Veterinary Service and created a new situation in military veterinary work.
In 1955, he was awarded the rank of major general. In 1956, he served as deputy minister of the Ministry of Agricultural Reclamation and went on an expedition to the northwest, doing his best for China's agricultural reclamation cause. In 1970, he was transferred to the May 7th Cadre School of Jiangxi Agricultural Reclamation Department to work. When he was suffering from lung cancer, he believed that he had made little contribution to the party and refused to be transferred to 301 Hospital or Beijing Hospital for treatment.
On June 3, 1976, he died of illness in Beijing at the age of 71.