Fixed assets are tangible assets that have the following characteristics at the same time: 1) they are held for the production of goods, the provision of services, rental or business management; 2) their useful life is more than one year; and 3) their unit value is high.
Specific understanding of the six categories of fixed assets
1, land, houses and structures: specifically land, sea areas and uninhabited islands, houses and structures.
2, general-purpose equipment: computer equipment and software, office equipment, vehicles, library and archive equipment, mechanical equipment, electrical equipment, radar, radio and satellite navigation equipment, communications equipment, radio, television, film equipment, instruments, electronic and communications measuring instruments, measurement standards and gauges, scales.
3, special equipment: specifically including prospecting, mining, ore dressing and block making equipment, special equipment for oil and gas mining, special equipment for the petroleum and chemical industry, special equipment for the power industry, special equipment for the non-metallic mineral products industry, coking and metal smelting and rolling equipment, special equipment for the nuclear industry, wood collection and processing equipment, special equipment for food processing, special equipment for the aerospace industry, Engineering machinery, beverage processing equipment, tobacco processing equipment, agricultural and forestry machinery, grain and oil crops and feed processing equipment, textile equipment, sewing, clothing, tannery and fur processing equipment, papermaking and printing machinery, chemicals and traditional Chinese medicine equipment, medical equipment, electricians, electronic production equipment, safety production equipment, postal equipment, environmental pollution control equipment, public security equipment, water works Machinery, funeral equipment and supplies, railroad transportation equipment, water transportation equipment, aircraft and its supporting equipment, special instruments, cultural and artistic equipment, sports equipment, recreational equipment.
4, cultural relics and displays: including cultural relics as well as displays.
5, books and archives: including books and archives.
6, furniture, utensils, furnishings and plants and animals: furniture and utensils, furnishings and clothing, special-purpose animals, special-purpose plants.
What is the difference between fixed assets and intangible assets?
1, the physical form is different: fixed assets have a physical form; and intangible assets do not have a physical form.
2, accounting for different ways: fixed assets are estimated net salvage value, take the straight-line method of depreciation according to the number of years and other methods, at the same time for impairment testing, to meet the provision for impairment of fixed assets, to withdraw the provision for impairment after recalculating depreciation. The methods of depreciation and impairment testing are performed simultaneously; intangible assets with limited useful lives need to be amortized over their estimated useful lives using a systematic and reasonable method, and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives do not need to be amortized but are tested for impairment at least at the end of each accounting period.
Accounting for Fixed Assets