Reverse osmosis working principle:
Transmission of substances with selective film is called semi-permeable membrane, generally can only pass through the solvent and can not pass through the solute of the film is called the ideal semi-permeable membrane. When the same volume of dilute solution (such as fresh water) and concentrated solution (such as salt water) were placed on both sides of the semi-permeable membrane, the solvent in the dilute solution will naturally pass through the semi-permeable membrane and spontaneously flow to the side of the concentrated solution, this phenomenon is called osmosis. When the osmosis reaches equilibrium, the concentrated solution side of the liquid level will be higher than the dilute solution of a certain height, that is, the formation of a pressure difference, this pressure difference is osmotic pressure. The magnitude of the osmotic pressure depends on the inherent nature of the solution, i.e., it is related to the type, concentration and temperature of the concentrated solution but not to the nature of the semi-permeable membrane. If a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure is applied to the side of the concentrated solution, the direction of solvent flow will be opposite to the original direction of osmosis, and begin to flow from the concentrated solution to the side of the dilute solution, this process is called reverse osmosis. Reverse osmosis is a reverse migration movement of osmosis, is a pressure-driven, with the help of semi-permeable membranes selective retention of solutes and solvents in the solution to separate the separation method, which has been widely used in a variety of liquids purification and concentration, which is the most common application example is in the water treatment process, the use of reverse osmosis to the raw water of inorganic ions, bacteria, viruses, organics, and colloids, such as the removal of impurities, to Obtain high-quality pure water.
Reverse osmosis equipment process diagram
1. Storage of raw water, used to precipitate large sand particles in the water and other precipitable substances. At the same time buffer the impact of unstable water pressure in the raw water pipe on the water treatment system. (Such as water pressure is too low or too high caused by the reaction of the pressure sensing).
Peak raw water pump
Constant system water supply pressure, stabilize the water supply.
Multi-media filter
A multi-layer filter with multiple filtration layers, the main purpose is to remove sediment, rust, colloidal substances, suspended solids and other particles contained in the raw water in the 20um or more of the material, can be selected
With a manual valve control or automatic controller for backwashing, positive flushing, and so on a series of operations. Ensure the quality of water produced by the equipment and extend the service life of the equipment.
Sung activated carbon filter
The system adopts shell activated carbon filter, activated carbon can not only adsorb electrolyte ions, but also can carry out ion exchange adsorption. The activated carbon adsorption can also make the potassium permanganate oxygen consumption (COD) from 15mg/L (O2) down to 2-7mg/L (O2), in addition, due to the adsorption effect so that the surface is adsorbed by the increase in the concentration of replicates, and thus also play a catalytic role, remove the pigment in the water, odor, a large number of biochemical organics, reduce the value of residual chlorine and pesticide pollutants in the water and to remove water from the trihalide (THM), as well as other pollutants. Pollutants. Manual valve control or full-automatic controller can be selected for a series of operations such as backwashing and positive flushing. Ensure the quality of water produced by the equipment and prolong the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the equipment has a self-maintenance system, low operating costs.
Be careful with the ion softening system/dosing system
R/O device for the concentration of dissolved solids discharge and the use of fresh water, in order to prevent the concentrated water end of the RO device, especially the last membrane module concentrated side of the water side of the CaCO3, MgCO3, MgSO4, CaSO4, BaSO4, SrSO4, SiSO4 concentration of the product is greater than the equilibrium solubility constant and crystallization and precipitation. Constant and crystallization precipitation, damage to the membrane original due to the characteristics of the membrane module, before entering the reverse osmosis membrane module, should be used to soften the device or put the appropriate amount of scale inhibitor to prevent the precipitation of carbonate, SiO2, sulfate crystals.
Choice of precision filter
The use of precision filters to remove the residual suspended solids, non-curved particles and colloids and other substances in the feed water, so that the RO system and other subsequent equipment to operate more safely and reliably. The filter element is 5um meltblown cartridge, the purpose is to remove the impurities larger than 5um that the upper filtration unit misses. Prevent them from entering the reverse osmosis unit to damage the surface of the membrane, thus damaging the desalination performance of the membrane.
Borrow reverse osmosis system
Reverse osmosis device is a sufficient pressure to make the solvent in the solution (usually water) through the reverse osmosis membrane (or semi-permeable membrane) and separated, because this process and natural osmosis in the opposite direction, so called reverse osmosis. Reverse osmosis method can be adapted to all kinds of salt content of raw water, especially in the high salt content of water treatment works, can obtain very good technical and economic benefits. Reverse osmosis method of desalination rate increase, high recovery rate, stable operation, small footprint, easy operation, reverse osmosis equipment in the removal of salt at the same time, but also most of the bacteria, colloids and large molecular weight organic matter removal.
Ozone sterilizers/UV sterilizers (optional)