Grassroots economic development research report

Villagers of all ages in the village

VI. Research time

January 12, 20xx - January 15, 2015

The economy, education, and life in the countryside

From the results of the study , the economic development of the village where my hometown is located extremely neighboring villages is not very good, did not meet the requirements needed for the development of new rural areas, the economic situation needs to be improved. The villagers' economic resources basically depend on working outside as well as the crops in the field. The income from cash crops is actually very low, mainly because farmers have to put in a lot of labor during the period from planting to harvesting, and nowadays the prices of various kinds of fertilizers, pesticides and seeds are very high, so after removing these costs, the income is very little. Relative to planting, working outside the village has become more and more villagers to chase the economic source of the way, this way of economic inflow cycle period, high economic efficiency, for young and middle-aged workers who grew up living in the countryside, working outside the village is very free, but also to broaden their horizons, to feel the atmosphere of life in the big city, the improvement of their personal qualities is also a great help, and more importantly, is a very good bridge between the countryside to the city. The first thing I'd like to talk about is the fact that I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do that.

At the same time that villagers are going out to work in pursuit of the economy, another problem that cannot be ignored has arisen, that is, the age differentiation of the remaining villagers in the countryside, as well as the problem of raising and educating the children left behind. More and more young and middle-aged people are going out to work, leaving behind mainly the elderly and children, the family's farm work also falls on them. The elderly are frail and their labor capacity is poor, which is more or less detrimental to the agricultural development of the countryside. Moreover, the lack of care for the elderly has caused some mental harm to them. On the other hand, the left-behind children can only be taken care of by grandparents, the lack of parental care and discipline, is not conducive to the growth and development of children, fundamentally also not conducive to rural urbanization.

The issue of education in rural areas has always been a major concern for the government and the villagers. In general, each administrative village will have an elementary school, but the school facilities environment is not optimistic, the classroom is still a lot of the previous old house, there is no teaching building, not to mention computers, multimedia teaching and other hardware and software equipment, and teacher strength is getting worse and worse, a lot of teachers are the village's old teachers, just graduated from the new teacher is not very much like to teach in the countryside, on the one hand, it is inconvenient transportation, the residential environment On the one hand, the transportation is inconvenient and the living environment is poor; on the other hand, the teachers' benefits are not as good as those of the teachers in the towns and cities, so the weak teachers have become a big bottleneck of the rural education. In view of the above and the parents often go out to migrant workers children unattended, many parents send their children to the county school and stay in the school accommodation, so the village elementary school is getting worse and worse, the low source of students in turn prompted the higher level of government to weaken the degree of attention to rural education, which has formed a vicious circle, the rural elementary school are going down the road of being banned. At the same time, children away from their parents to live alone in the county, although it is the development of children's independence, help children grow up early, but the disadvantages outweigh the benefits, away from parental care, the children are more free, less scruples, and parents to give the cost of living has become the capital of their show off, which inadvertently makes the children into a comparison, smoking, alcoholism, early love, the Internet addicted to the game and other bad habits, resulting in the abandonment of education, the loss is not worth it! The newest addition to the list is the newest addition to the list!

Not only that, due to the relative knowledge layer of young people out of the rural spiritual and cultural life has also appeared a number of worrying problems, part of the unemployed villagers play poker in groups, rubbing mahjong, and sometimes bet a small amount of money, although it is a small gamble, but it will slowly grow into a big gamble, at the same time, some of the very young children learn from experience, and will slowly in the heart of the tumor of the idea of getting something for nothing, greatly detrimental to their growth and development. This is extremely unfavorable to their growth. In addition, the old people's feudal superstitious thought is relatively strong, most of them are "theism" people, this kind of thinking for the children still do not understand, more corrupt their minds, this is the need for government departments at all levels urgently need to solve the problem.

But in general, the spiritual life of farmers has improved a lot compared to previous years. For example, now basically every household is a color TV set, and in view of the quality of the program, a lot of villagers are using satellite receivers, more programs, more pictures, clearer, and the spiritual life is getting better and better, which is a happy and proud place.

Some suggestions for the problem:

This is the basic situation in recent days in my neighboring villages, in general, the overall development of my hometown is tending to rise but for the construction of a new socialist countryside as well as the construction of the socialist construction of Chinese characteristics is still not enough for some of these problems, I put forward the following Suggestions:

1, the government to strengthen support. The economic base determines the superstructure. Rural economic development is relatively weak, in order to seek economic development, only so many people go out to work, only to cause many problems. Government departments should be more for the rural labor force to provide a wealth of employment, entrepreneurial way, so that the farmers' economy better and faster development, a variety of problems will slowly be solved.

2, strengthen the infrastructure. The current rural economic situation, is the ability to build more public **** cultural venues, such as: reading room, fitness equipment and venues, the elderly activity room.

3, to further strengthen the cultural education of farmers. Should carry out more such as "send culture to the countryside" and other activities, and should be aimed at the reading ability and needs of farmers, enrich the form and content of the "send culture" to improve their cultural quality, update their ideological concepts.

4. Strengthen education management. In order for rural children to get a good education, really learn cultural knowledge, improve the quality of culture, to strengthen the management of education, for the management of the loopholes should be filled in a timely manner. This will certainly have a far-reaching impact on the future development of rural areas. It is necessary to carry out occasional inspections of Internet cafes and other points to prevent minors from entering.

5, to vigorously curb yellow gambling, drugs, feudal superstitious activities. The relevant departments should keep abreast of the information, for those who are not y involved in strengthening education, for those who have fallen into the administrative penalties can be carried out, the social harm caused by the criminal punishment in accordance with his behavior.

6, to care more about the older generation of farmers. Strengthen the grass-roots party members to actively play an exemplary role, the old and frail elderly or the five guaranteed households to send more warmth and greetings, so that they have a sense of old age, old and happy.

I believe that through the correct leadership of the Party and the government, the support of major social organizations and the mutual efforts of farmers, the economic development of rural areas and education and other undertakings will have a new leap, the gap between urban and rural areas will be gradually narrowed, the construction of new rural areas will be higher, the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics will be better and better. Rural areas as the grass-roots forces in the process of socialist construction will play its role as the mainstay.

xx village is located in the northwest of xx county, the population of about 650, the total cultivated land of about 633 acres. The main source of income for the cultivation of land and go out to work. Among them, middle-aged and old people's main source of income is arable land, young people work part-time, and strong people are income from arable land plus part-time work. Outside laborers mainly do manual work, service work and construction work. Young people usually work in factories where they can't go back home except for holidays, while the middle-aged mainly work as casual laborers to ensure that they can go back home to help out during busy farming seasons. Cultivated land is mostly hilly and mountainous, and the plots are scattered, making it difficult to realize large-scale mechanical work and relying on human labor and simple equipment. Crops are abundant but scattered. Now the main cash crops are grapes, apples, peppers, etc., grain crops are mainly corn, wheat, etc..

I. Crop cultivation

The total arable land of this village is about 633 acres, of which the main cash crops are grapes, apples and so on. Grape planting area of about 160 acres, apples (including unfruitful ') about 100 acres. Grain crops corn and wheat 100 acres (corn and wheat are planted in the same field in rotation). In addition to this, there are crops such as cotton, groundnuts, peppers, parsnips, and tobacco.

Grapes are just emerging in recent years as a cash crop, and the gross income of mu in a productive year can be up to about 10,000 yuan, but there are more problems with its planting, such as:

1, long growing period, high growth conditions, pests and diseases, not easy to manage:

2, Shandong Peninsula, hilly areas of the rugged terrain, the arable land scattered difficult to large-scale mechanization;

3, susceptible to the impact of the earthquake on the environment and the environment.

3, vulnerable to natural influences, such as this year's typhoon "Davy" to the industry to bring a greater impact;

4, higher costs, the need for more labor;

5, difficult to store, not easy to transport by the market impact, it is difficult to maintain a stable source of income. These problems make it difficult for grapes to bring greater economic benefits to farmers.

Apples are the older economic product of the village, which can be planted in hilly areas and are easier to manage than grapes, so they may become the main economic product of the village in the future. However, both grapes and apples lack a unified management approach, and product quality varies; there is no marketing team and no fixed market, which makes farmers think "just sell it, don't rot in the ground", and income is not stable.

2. Population and family situation

The population of the village is about 650, of which half of the total number of migrant workers, and there are about 20 families outside. Outside workers are mainly young adults, the majority of young people, especially the recently married do not have children or children are still small "after 80" (here after 80 only refers to people born after 80 years, most of them are not the only child, so it is not the real after 80). Most of these small families are relatively well-off, most of them are not burdened by debt, most of the house and wedding supplies are purchased by their parents, and their main financial expenses after marriage are daily living expenses and child rearing. In the rural areas of the less developed regions of China, due to the self-sufficiency of some daily necessities and food, as well as the government's support for the study of children in rural areas, all of these do not yet bring financial pressure to them. They either work as a family, or only the male laborers go out, and the income they earn can basically satisfy their needs.

Comparatively speaking, middle-aged and old-aged families are not so relaxed. Most of them have elderly parents and children who are about 20 years old. The elderly and their children need financial support. The children of marriage age is a huge economic pressure, they have to prepare for their children to get married house, furniture, gift money, etc., which adds up to more than a hundred thousand, and wait until the marriage of the child, there are children out of work but also to help them to take care of the farmland, take care of the children. For some of the better-off families, this can still be supported, but for most it means external debts, loans and a tight life. All this brings triple physical, mental and financial stress to these middle-aged people in their 50s.

Three, education and health care

95% of the families in the research village have joined the new cooperative medical insurance, which reduces the proportion of the villagers' medical expenses, but due to the limitations on the use of joint venture medical care in the use of regional hospitals, the use of the project and the amount of the decision of the role of this beneficial program is limited. For example:

1, strictly limit the proportion of reimbursement in the appropriate level of hospitals

The higher the level of hospital reimbursement, the less, and in general, the nationals are to go to the big hospitals for serious illnesses, which is to spend more money, the reimbursement ratio is missing, resulting in the reduction of the role of the farmers' burden is limited;

2, limit the use of the project

The cost of the examination can not be reimbursed, the cost of the examination accounted for 50 percent of the expenditure of the visit to the doctor, the cost of the examination, the cost of the examination is not reimbursed. The cost of inspection accounts for 50% or more of the expenditure on medical visits, but this part is not reimbursed, which also makes the joint venture medical not better for farmers to reduce the burden.

The education situation is better, under the state's policy support for rural education, the exemption of primary and secondary school tuition and miscellaneous fees and other costs have indeed reduced the financial burden of some rural families. But for the few families with college students, this policy is not very useful. The annual tuition fees for college students, accommodation fees, etc. are about 10,000, which is a huge expense for some of the rural families with little income, but this is not within the scope of the state support for compulsory education in rural areas, and there are fewer support programs in this regard.

Four, spiritual and cultural situation

In this regard, the survey village as a representative of the underdeveloped rural areas of cultural resources are relatively poor. There is no library, less than 1% of families in the village have computers, and the villagers' main cultural resource is television, which has limited resources and does not guarantee quality, and is susceptible to the influence of vulgarity and pomposity of some television programs. There are also fewer cultural activities, and the only annual collective cultural activity is the annual family planning publicity show. The cultural industry has failed to play a role in driving economic development.

V. Summary

The economic situation of the surveyed villages has developed compared to the previous, but there is still a long way to go. People's standard of living is still to be improved, most families have not yet reached the well-off level.

In order to thoroughly implement the scientific concept of development, integrated promotion of post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and economic and social development to promote the continued healthy development of rural economy in the town of xx, conducted some research and discussion.

First, xx town rural economic development

xx town is located in the southern end of Zhongjiang County, about 40 kilometers away from the town, is a hilly area. The town covers an area of 70 square kilometers, with 22 villages, 2 neighborhood committees, 278 village groups, with a total population of 43,000 people, of which: the agricultural population of nearly 40,000 people, the non-agricultural population of more than 3,000 people. My town's rural economy by the weak agricultural infrastructure, the overall quality of farmers is not high, industrial restructuring efforts are not enough factors such as constraints, the new period of xx town faced with the task of rural work is still very difficult.

(a) weak agricultural infrastructure, rural production, living conditions are relatively poor. By the number of rural infrastructure facilities, supporting the less than perfect, water conservancy facilities are seriously damaged, some areas of drinking water for people and animals and agricultural irrigation water has not been completely resolved.

(b) The overall quality of the rural population is low, and the development of awareness is not strong. Restricted by geographical conditions, cultural level, "a little rich is safe", "small progress is full", "wait, rely on, want" inertia mentality still exists, the lack of pioneering and innovative capacity and dare to break through, dare to Lack of pioneering and innovative ability and dare to venture, dare to risk the spirit of innovation and development consciousness is not strong. The ability to accept science and technology is poor, and the scientific and technological content of agricultural products is extremely low, basically maintaining the traditional mode of agricultural cultivation and management. The lack of practical talents in rural areas, science and technology demonstration households and professional households to cultivate a small number of farmers with little awareness of science and technology, acceptance of new technologies, new varieties of weak ability.

(3) The development of rural social undertakings is slow, and it is difficult to coordinate the development of urban and rural areas. The level of rural education has not been able to meet the farmers' demand for quality education resources, highlighting the lack of quality education resources and excellent teachers in rural areas, and a serious imbalance in the allocation of teacher resources. The construction of rural health care has been slow. The construction of the rural public *** health system is lagging behind, and the rural disease prevention and control, maternal and child health care, health services, and emergency response system for public *** health emergencies are not yet perfect. Rural social security system needs to be further improved.

(D) the lack of rural vitality and power, farmers do not have many channels to increase income. In order to actively broaden the farmers' income channels, xx town continue to explore industrial restructuring, to help farmers increase income in new ways, new initiatives, new ideas, has guided the farmers to engage in base construction, science and technology demonstration, anti-seasonal vegetables, specialty fruits, labor development, etc., but also achieved certain results.

Two, to accelerate the development of rural economic countermeasures in the town of xx

(a) Clearly the guiding ideology of the development of the rural economy under the new situation and the target task. The party's 17th Plenary Session of the Third Plenary Session and the Provincial Party Committee of the Ninth Plenary Session of the deepening of the rural reform guidelines and policies established for the rural areas to bring new opportunities for development, the town put forward the "stability, grasp the reconstruction, strengthen the three rural areas, strengthen the pillars, promote the development of the brilliant" the overall work of the idea of the scientific concept of development, "three rural areas". "work, in the" grasp reconstruction "and" strong three rural "hard work, closely around the agricultural production, efficiency and farmers to increase income target, seize the earthquake recovery and reconstruction, the national well-being project, poverty alleviation and development and socialist New Rural Construction and other opportunities. So that the rural economic system is more sound, the overall effectiveness of the obvious increase in rural grass-roots organizations to further strengthen the construction of social undertakings are more complete, sustainable development capacity continues to increase.

(2) to deepen rural reform as an opportunity to strengthen the basic system of rural development. The first is to stabilize and improve the basic management system in rural areas. The company's business is based on a two-tier management system that combines family contracting, and gives farmers a more adequate and secure landholding. Efforts are being made to promote innovation in agricultural management systems and mechanisms, and to accelerate the transformation of agricultural management methods. Actively develop a new type of collective economy, vigorously cultivate a new type of cooperative organizations, establish and improve the agricultural socialized service system, focus on improving the degree of organization, and promote the unified management to the development of farmers' unity and cooperation, the formation of a diversified, multi-level, multi-form operation and service system change in the direction. The second is to establish a sound rural land management system. In accordance with the principles of clear property rights, purpose control, conservation and intensification, and strict management, rural land will be further improved. Third, establishing and improving the agricultural support and protection system. Increase investment in rural infrastructure construction and social program development, and increase investment in rural public welfare construction projects. Broaden the source of agricultural input channels, integration of investment projects and support of agricultural funds, strengthen the use of funds, supervision, and improve the efficiency of the use of funds.

(C) to strengthen the drive to help, take the modernization of the characteristics of the agricultural development road. In accordance with the "characteristics of high-yield, high-quality and efficient, ecological safety" requirements, accelerate the transformation of the mode of agricultural development, build a modern agricultural industrial system, improve land output, resource utilization, labor productivity and commercialization of agricultural and livestock products, to promote the traditional agriculture to modern agriculture across. First, vigorously develop characteristic benefit agriculture. Second, accelerate the development of secondary and tertiary industries. The third is to establish and improve the new agricultural socialized service system, and constantly improve the degree of organization and marketization of agricultural production.

(D) to restore and rebuild as a link to increase and improve the construction of rural infrastructure. Highlighting the Wenchuan earthquake damage infrastructure restoration and reconstruction, further increase investment, mobilize the masses to do a good job of agricultural production facilities reconstruction, as soon as possible to restore agricultural production and rural economy, and constantly improve production conditions, improve the people's living standards. First, to strengthen the basic construction of farmland water conservancy. The second is to speed up the restoration and reconstruction of rural transportation and communication. Third, to improve the rural disaster forecasting, disposal and self-help capacity.

(E) to promote the construction of rural public **** cause as the focus, to promote the harmonious development of rural society. Adhere to the integration of urban and rural social development in a more prominent position, and gradually expand the scope of public *** financial coverage of rural areas, increase investment, innovative mechanisms, and strive to promote the equalization of urban and rural public *** services, so that the vast majority of farmers have education, work, medical care, old age, housing.

First, the development of rural education. Improve and implement the rural compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism, improve rural compulsory education conditions, improve the quality of rural compulsory education, and promote the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education.

The second is to strengthen the rural medical and health care. The reconstruction of post-disaster medical and health institutions, focusing on accelerating the recovery and reconstruction of township health centers, village health offices and other infrastructure and ancillary facilities construction work. Gradually establish and improve the rural three-tier medical and health service system. Improve the rural public **** health supervision and management mechanism, realize the rural public **** health safety, consolidate the results of the new rural cooperative medical treatment.

Third, to promote rural cultural construction. In-depth implementation of the "cultural benefit" project, and further increase the support of the rural cultural industry. Accelerate the establishment of a sound rural social security system, the establishment of a new rural social pension insurance system. Further improve the rural minimum subsistence guarantee system, so that should be insured, and gradually improve the standard of protection.

The fourth is to improve the rural five guaranteed households, "three orphans" feeding aid system, to promote centralized feeding, and constantly improve the level of support. The implementation of the military martyrs and disabled and sick veterans of the preferential policies, and actively do a good job of the rural elderly, disabled people.

Fifth, to strengthen the rural grassroots democratic construction and social management. Actively explore effective ways of democratic management, improve the villagers' self-governance mechanism, fully guarantee the villagers to exercise the right to vote, the right to know, the right to participate, the right to make decisions, the right to supervise. Further improve the "one issue" system, the implementation of village affairs, government affairs and financial disclosure, and promote the institutionalization of the system of villagers' self-governance, standardization and procedural.