Any piece of mechanical automation is composed of three parts: the actuator, the sensor part, and the controller part. When the automation equipment suddenly fails to work, or the working sequence is abnormal, fault diagnosis must be carried out. Let's learn about the methods of diagnosing automation equipment faults from the three parts that make up the equipment.
1． Check all power, air and hydraulic sources for mechanical automation. Problems with power, air and hydraulic sources often cause automation equipment to malfunction. For example, there are problems with the power supply, including power supply failures in the entire workshop, such as low power, burned out fuses, poor contact with the power plug, etc.; the air pump or hydraulic pump is not turned on, the pneumatic triplex or doublet is not opened, and the relief valve in the hydraulic system is not turned on. Or some pressure valves are not opened, etc. When testing automation equipment, the following aspects should be included: Power supply, including the power supply of each equipment and the power supply of the workshop. Air source, including air pressure source required for pneumatic devices. Hydraulic source, including the working condition of the hydraulic pump required by the hydraulic device of the automation equipment.
2. Check whether the sensor position of the automation equipment has shifted. Due to the negligence of equipment maintenance personnel, there may be errors in the position of some sensors, such as not being in place, sensor failure, sensitivity failure, etc. Always check the sensing position and sensitivity of the sensor, and adjust it promptly if there is any deviation. If the sensor is broken, replace it immediately. Many times, in addition, due to the vibration of automation equipment, most sensors will become loose after long-term use. Therefore, during daily maintenance, you should always check whether the sensor is in the correct position and whether it is firmly fixed.
3． Check the relays of automation equipment, flow control valves, and pressure control valves. Relays, like magnetic induction sensors, may experience ground adhesion after long-term use, making it impossible to ensure the normality of the electrical circuit and need to be replaced. In pneumatic or hydraulic systems, the opening of the throttle valve and the pressure adjustment spring of the pressure valve may also become loose or slip due to the vibration of the equipment. These devices, like sensors, are components in automation equipment that require routine maintenance.
4. Check electrical, pneumatic and hydraulic circuit connections. If the above three steps do not reveal any problems, then check all circuits. Check whether the wires in the circuit are open, especially whether the wires in the wire trough are cut by the wire trough due to pulling. Check the air tube for damaging creases. Check whether the hydraulic oil pipe is blocked. If the trachea is seriously creased, replace it immediately. Hydraulic oil pipes also need to be replaced.
5. Only after ensuring that the above steps are correct, the fault may appear in the controller of the automation equipment, but it can never be a program problem. First of all, don't be sure that the controller is damaged. As long as there is no serious short circuit, the controller has short circuit protection inside. A general short circuit will not burn the controller.
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