5G is best at indoor positioning, because the penetration of 5G is relatively poor, wide range positioning is not the strong point of 5G. Autonomous valet parking underground parking lot positioning is the most advantageous, and rely entirely on probabilistic algorithms of the camera program than the physical positioning of communication accuracy, stability and robustness of a hundred times stronger. Underground parking lot illumination is low, the light changes drastically, very unsuitable for camera-based solutions. There is also a logistics warehouse based on indoor positioning, horizontal and vertical are required to accuracy is 5-10 cm, far from the camera can do, UWB program is more costly, there are also spectrum issues.
5G positioning technology
In 3GPP 23.273 defines the architecture related to 5G positioning. 5G positioning consists of UE terminals, 5G radio access network, and 5G core network. Relying on the advantages of 5G infrastructure network construction, operators can synchronously deploy 5G positioning network to realize one network for communication and positioning, so as to form a unified 5G positioning infrastructure network and 5G positioning middle-stage capability, and provide 5G network communication and positioning services for third-party customers.
Bluetooth positioning: Bluetooth positioning is based on the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) positioning principle. Bluetooth indoor technology utilizes a number of Bluetooth LAN access points installed indoors to maintain the network as a basic multi-user based network connection mode, and ensures that the Bluetooth LAN access point is always the main device of this micro-micro-network, and then obtains the user's positional information by measuring the signal strength.
Based on the different positioning end, Bluetooth positioning methods are divided into active positioning and passive positioning and active-passive integrated positioning.
1. Active Positioning - Terminal Side Indoor Positioning Solution Based on Bluetooth Beacon
Active positioning, also called terminal side Bluetooth positioning system. Using high-performance Bluetooth positioning algorithms, based on low-power ibeacon Bluetooth base station, positioning accuracy within 2 meters, support a variety of mobile terminals indoor high-precision positioning and navigation, with real-time positioning, path planning, reverse car search and other functions, can be integrated into WeChat public number, small programs, APP. This Bluetooth positioning system focuses on indoor path planning and navigation applications.
System composition: embedded or downloaded SDK package by the smart terminal equipment (Android iOS phones, tablets, etc.) and ibeacon devices, you can also use the indoor map online
Working principle:
In the need to locate the region to deploy Bluetooth beacons, generally at least 3 Bluetooth beacons need to be laid. beacons, the positioning algorithm requires to know the RSSI values of at least three points in order to accurately calculate the positioning
1) Bluetooth Beacon will broadcast a data packet to the surrounding every 100 milliseconds;
2) When a person carrying a terminal device such as a smartphone enters the Bluetooth beacon signal coverage area, the smartphone, while performing the scanning action, will receive the data packet broadcasted by Bluetooth Beacon broadcast packets
3) The broadcast packets will indicate the MAC address of the Bluetooth beacon slave and the current RSSI value of the received and transmitted signal strength indication value, which is the basis for determining the distance between the Bluetooth host location and the Bluetooth beacon.
4) Then, through the built-in positioning algorithm of the cell phone and the interaction with the map engine database, the current location of the Bluetooth host (smartphone) can be measured.
3. Installation: Bluetooth Beacon works alone, powered by button battery, no need for networking, easy to install; deploy Bluetooth Beacon in indoor environments at intervals of 6-8 meters, battery-powered, standby for 2-5 years.
4. Application scenarios: Bluetooth terminal side indoor positioning is generally used for supermarkets indoor positioning and navigation and precise location marketing and other user terminals, such as some large supermarkets indoor positioning and navigation and location-based push merchandise coupons. Indoor positioning, navigation; marketing path planning, navigation; reverse car search; location-based precision marketing
2. Passive positioning - Bluetooth gateway-based network side positioning solutions
Passive Bluetooth positioning system, also known as Bluetooth detection and positioning system. Relying on the accurate indoor positioning engine algorithm and powerful and rich Bluetooth gateway, Bluetooth positioning tags (bracelet, work card, ibeacon, etc.), it can realize all-weather uninterrupted location detection of people or objects in the positioning area! This positioning system is mostly used for backstage positioning monitoring foreground people or things to use, widely used in nursing homes elderly positioning, unit visitor management and other scenarios.
System Composition: Bluetooth gateway, Bluetooth positioning tags (Bluetooth work card, Bluetooth Beacon, Bluetooth watch and other Bluetooth tags), terminals (cell phones and other terminals with low-power Bluetooth), wireless LAN and the back-end data server composition.
Working principle:
1) Bluetooth positioning tag works in iBeacon broadcasting state, broadcasting its own MAC address, power, heart rate and other information;
2) Bluetooth gateway scans the broadcast information of Bluetooth positioning tag, transmits the relevant information to the back-end server through the network cable or WiFi, and the back-end server runs the Bluetooth positioning algorithm
3) The terminal display application software will display the position information of the Bluetooth positioning tag on the display screen, which can realize real-time position tracking, track playback, electronic fence, heart rate monitoring and other functions.
Installation: Bluetooth gateway is deployed at a distance of 6-8 meters apart in the indoor environment to configure Bluetooth positioning tags for people or important assets that need to be located, the gateway supports POE switch and DC 5V DC power supply, and needs to be connected to the network (wired/wireless network);
Application Scenarios:
1) Combined with the APP, it can be used for indoor positioning and navigation;
2) The terminal display application software will display the position information of the Bluetooth positioning tags. /p>
2) Personnel positioning tracking;
3) Combined with passenger flow analysis software, it can be used for statistical analysis of exhibition passenger flow;
4) O2O smart attendance and asset positioning: combined with some smart cards, it can be used for asset management and employee management.
3. Active-passive integrated positioning-synchronized positioning and navigation
Active-passive integrated Bluetooth positioning system adopts the advanced Bluetooth positioning engine algorithm of MicroPower Information, a series of hardware, such as Bluetooth 5.0 gateway, Bluetooth positioning tags, and ibeacon, etc., which can minimize the use of Bluetooth 5.0 gateway, and save the user's cost of deploying positioning hardware, and set the active positioning and autonomous navigation function and passive positioning. autonomous navigation function and passive positioning of the background positioning monitoring function advantages in one. This positioning solution is widely used in valuable assets positioning management, attractions, hospitals, parking lot positioning navigation (reverse car search), nursing homes, exhibition halls and museums, visitor management and other application scenarios.
System Composition: It consists of Bluetooth Beacon, Bluetooth gateway, Bluetooth work card and Bluetooth positioning engine algorithm, router and positioning server, and terminal display.
Working principle:
1) Beacon works in broadcasting state, broadcasting its own MAC address, power and other information;
2) Worker's card scans the broadcasting information of Beacon, and forwards the Beacon information;
3) Bluetooth gateway collects the information of Worker's card, and sends the forwarded Beacon information to the positioning server;
4) Bluetooth gateway collects the information of Worker's card, and sends the information to the positioning server. The Bluetooth gateway collects the card information and sends the Beacon information forwarded by the card to the positioning server;
4) The positioning server calculates the position of the card according to the card and Beacon information, and the terminal display software displays the position information of the card, which can realize real-time position tracking, track playback, electronic fence and other functions.
Installation: Bluetooth Beacon is deployed in the indoor environment at intervals of 6-8 meters, Bluetooth gateway, Bluetooth positioning tags are configured for people or important assets that need to be located, the gateway supports POE switch and DC 5V DC power supply, and needs to be connected to the network (wired/wireless network).
Application Scenarios
Exhibition Analysis: Comprehensive data statistics can be realized to view the real-time number of people and equipment in the area, heat distribution, real-time electronic fence status, access time and other information;
Intelligent Museums: Provide navigation services for visiting tourists while implementing backstage monitoring of real-time location of tourists;
Intelligent Medical Care: Provide navigation services for visitors while implementing monitoring of hospitals and important assets. services while implementing the monitoring of the location of the hospital and visitors;
Wisdom Nursing Home: By setting up a virtual electronic fence, it can prevent the elderly from getting lost and provide security for the elderly.