Decorative and cultural characteristics of hospital wall decoration materials
One, the general characteristics of the hospital decoration materials
1, dust
Dust is everywhere, dust contains a large number of bacteria, with the flow of the crowd, the dust and bacteria will also spread, spread to other places, if it is infectious germs after the spread of the infection will be infected with the rest of the population. And in the hospital activities of the crowd in addition to medical workers is the patient, the patient is the source of disease at the same time is also a susceptible population, a class of inconspicuous viruses or germs may pose a threat to the patient. Therefore, the hospital's architectural structure, decorative arrangement is simple, try to avoid the use or manufacture of dust to provide space for the placement of a variety of facilities, installations, at the same time, most of the hospital interior decoration materials are also dust-free, clean or can eliminate dust, dust-free decorative materials, in order to be able to maximize the reduction of dust, eliminating dust, in order to avoid causing cross-infection.
2, fire safety
Hospitals are for the injured and weak groups to provide treatment and convalescence place, this part of the group because of the physical injuries and diseases of the body are not as good as normal, and some even mobility, imagine if the hospital building fire safety is not done, the occurrence of a fire, then, this part of the group will be because of too late to escape and die. Although in general public buildings, fire safety design and management is equally important, but because of the special characteristics of the hospital function and population, its fire safety deserves more attention. Therefore, whether it is the hospital building layout or hospital decoration design should pay attention to the management of fire safety, hospital building decoration materials should be selected with fire retardant materials to ensure that the hospital building and personal safety.
3, corrosion resistance
Hospitals receive thousands of patients every day, in the process of patients to do all kinds of checks or medical treatment, will inevitably deal with all kinds of chemicals or equipment, and these drugs, reagents and equipment more or less with the ground or desktop contact, some of which will be a chemical reaction that produces a certain degree of corrosion, then hospital walls, floors and desktops after a long time of corrosion, it will be a good idea to use the same materials. Desktop after a long time of corrosion, there will be surface peeling, delamination and other phenomena, damaging the use of the building function and aesthetics. Therefore, the hospital's building materials, especially interior decoration materials need to have a certain degree of corrosion resistance, especially often in contact with chemicals in areas such as: laboratory, treatment room, etc., more need to have corrosion-resistant, weather-resistant decorative materials.
In addition, the hospital decoration materials are also required to easy to clean, long service life, for one thing, the hospital activities, large flow of people, cleaning difficulty is therefore increased, so the choice of easy-to-clean materials will reduce the workload of the hospital cleaning workers and the difficulty of the work, at the same time, but also reduce the cost of maintenance of the hospital's health, reduce environmental pollution. Secondly, after the completion of the hospital will mostly keep a dozen twenty or more long time without change, therefore, the hospital building decoration materials need to choose a long service life without affecting the use of materials to reduce the cost of hospital renovation and remodeling.
Second, the decorative and cultural characteristics of the hospital wall decoration materials
1, decorative
People always have an instinctive need and desire for beautiful things, even hospitals are no exception. Although the main function of the hospital is to save lives, but with the growing cultural and psychological needs of the people and in recent years more and more humane concept of advocacy, the decorative features of the hospital building is also becoming more and more obvious, and even some of the private hospital architectural style began to tend to luxury, hotel style, so that people look at it in fear, feel a little less like a hospital but a hotel. Hospital is ultimately a place to treat the sick to save people, so this hospital building is not what we respect, but we can also see, in the modern hospital construction trend, the decorative hospital building has been in the overall construction of the hospital occupies a more and more important position, and with this, many of the decorative materials suitable for hospitals are also showing more and more decorative features, mainly in the material is more linear, Color, according to the psychological needs and feelings of people choose to apply different decorative materials to achieve the corresponding decorative effect. Scope of application: hospital aisles, clinics, wards, operating rooms and other areas.
In the past hospital buildings, due to the lack of funds and people's cognitive level of low, hospital decoration is often the pursuit of simple, practical-oriented, low-cost, easy to clean decoration materials, such as: tiles, paints, etc., these materials can only achieve the basic quality of hygiene and decorative effect is general, to create a style of simplicity is given priority to. However, patients living in the hospital, in addition to physiological pain to endure, but also to face the psychological separation from their loved ones caused by loneliness, therefore, the patient in the period of illness is prone to anxiety, impatience and other negative emotions. Some studies believe that the environment and color can have a great impact on human psychological emotions, warm colors are more likely to make people lively, pleasant, while the cold tone is easy to make people calm. Therefore, the rational use of color principles, according to different regional conditions and environmental characteristics with lines, three-dimensional sense of strong decorative materials is conducive to promote the healing of patients. Such as: the United States silver-based safety disinfection board. This kind of material color feeling is relatively soft, create the overall effect is closer to nature, rich in life, so that patients are in a warm, harmonious and clean, safe environment, help the patient's physical health recovery.
2, cultural characteristics
Hospitals in addition to shoulder the responsibility of treating patients should also have their own cultural characteristics, hospital culture, including the history of hospital buildings, medical characteristics, medical purposes and other content. How to use hospital decoration materials to implement the embodiment of hospital culture is in recent years many decorative design workers concerned about the hot thinking.
First of all, we know that the hospital's architectural layout and decorative design will affect the formation of the overall style of the hospital, the style is part of the hospital culture, then, from the hospital building itself in terms of construction, the hospital's decorative, the layout of the hospital can reflect the hospital's cultural characteristics. If you add hospital culture components in the hospital decoration design, the hospital characteristics are also more obvious. Such as hanging in the hospital aisle at the hospital construction history, the core purpose of the hospital content, but we know that every hospital design must take into account the health and safety factors, if we add too much hanging items, it is easy to produce dust, not easy to clean and other disadvantages, which will cause health and safety hazards to the hospital. So how can we highlight the hospital culture without destroying the hospital space health environment? In foreign hospital decoration design, we found a valuable experience, that is, "wall culture", we can reflect the hospital culture from the wall. Such as in the wall printed with the hospital's cultural characteristics of the pattern and the history of the hospital and other text content, of course, is not directly carved on the wall but with the help of special materials, this material is more commonly used in foreign hospitals, such as the safety of disinfection board is such a class of materials, because of the safety of disinfection board itself has antimicrobial properties, can be effective in quickly killing the surface of the material attached to a variety of disease-causing bacteria, so it is very suitable for use in hospitals! Walls, at the same time, it can also be matched with decorative paper to achieve the role of hospital decoration and cultural propaganda, both beautiful and does not affect the health effect. Decorative paper can be selected according to the hospital's own characteristics and needs of different materials and colors and content, and then the safety disinfection board pasted on the decorative paper, so as to achieve the perfect set of decorative and cultural implementation in one of the effects of the hospital's architectural and cultural characteristics of the hospital can be complete in front of the eyes.
Hospital wall decoration material selection
A hospital decoration material of the mainstream
In the United States, South Korea, Japan and many other modern hospitals most of the environmentally friendly resilient flooring + environmentally friendly wall protection materials (wall plastic) + medical special anti-collision handrail system as the main decorative materials, so that a perfect set of ground wall protection and safety. system. Europe and the United States the main rubber floor manufacturers according to the actual situation of hospitals continue to interact with medical experts, architects, designers to carry out close cooperation, and with the most authoritative foreign material testing and experimental centers to work closely with the main reason why it has become the trend. It designs and researches out the products with diversified appearance design, rich color choices, together with all kinds of skirting, staircase board and prefabricated molding yin and yang wrapping corners, etc., which can fully meet the requirements of hospital decoration.
Because of the process and technology on the high requirements, so there is no domestic manufacturers to produce environmentally friendly elastic floor and wall materials, related flooring materials must be imported from abroad. Now for the above decoration materials for a brief introduction.
Two, environmentally friendly resilient flooring
Environmentally friendly resilient flooring materials are mainly divided into three categories: rubber flooring, linen flooring, PVC rubber flooring.
(a) rubber flooring: natural rubber, additives and fillers made of corrosion resistance, high abrasion resistance, pressure resistance, melting point of up to 600 ℃, resistance to cigarette butts, but also sound-absorbing effect, the maintenance is also relatively simple, but because of the high price, rarely used on a large scale, the domestic part of the hospitals using rubber flooring to do the walk profile.
(ii) linen flooring: made of natural linen, more environmentally friendly, but not all the chemicals used in hospitals can resist, because it is more difficult to clean and maintenance in addition to special requirements, so it is not recommended that hospitals use, coupled with this material is afraid of moisture, so it is not very suitable for use in the south or coastal areas, need to invest in cleaning and maintenance costs are also more.
(C) PVC adhesive flooring:
A, PVC adhesive flooring is generally divided into permeable and multi-layer type two kinds of both products have the following advantages:
a) high flame retardant (FIRERETARDANT): through the world and China's verification of the relevant units to meet the fire safety standards in China, group B1;
b) bright colors: a variety of patterns and colors to choose from. A variety of patterns and colors to choose from, can do parquet, can fully meet the customer's imagination;
c) quality assurance: PVC flooring manufacturers generally committed to its products 5-10 years of quality assurance, multi-layer rubber flooring life depending on the wear value or thickness of the wear-resistant layer;
d) can be renovated: rubber flooring after one or two years, available in the form of polishing and then refurbishment;
e)Softness: the ground and wall corners are easy to form a hygiene corner, but the softness of the PVC rubber flooring so that it can be used with the support of adhesive directly from the ground bending on the wall, to solve the hygiene problem;
f)Multi-layer rubber flooring and permeable rubber flooring have been through the PUR treatment of the product, multi-layer rubber flooring by the PUR treatment, the European EN433 test to reach the T level ( the highest level) extremely wear-resistant, free of wear and tear. The highest level) extremely wear-resistant, wax-free, simple maintenance, saving cleaning and maintenance costs, eliminating the use of wax and other chemical agents, reducing environmental pollution.
Permeable rubber flooring is also treated with PUR (e.g., France's DEGA and Finland's Edsel Permeable Flooring, etc.), and the product can reach the highest level in the P level, and can also be wax-free.
B, multi-layer type and permeable rubber flooring and the following differences:
1. Multi-layer rubber flooring is generally by the "antimicrobial treatment" (ANTI-BACTERIATREATMENT) to provide customers with a deeper level of hygiene to protect, and can also be avoided due to mold and other erosion of the product and premature aging, extending the durability of the product. It also prevents premature aging of the product due to mold and other erosion, and prolongs the durability of the product. For example, the antimicrobial treatment launched by Teca and the world famous Santos Pharmaceutical Company is more authoritative.
2. Most of the multi-layer PVC rubber floor surface after special processing, non-slip level up to R10, such as the ground is wet or water, but also not easy to slip and cause damage.
3. Sound absorption and foot feeling: because most of the multi-layer rubber flooring has a layer of sponge underlayment, its sound absorption effect is good, comfortable feet, can provide patients with a quiet environment.
4. Multi-layer type because of its special production process, color and pattern than the transparent type and much richer, mostly non-directional type pattern.
5. General conductive or antistatic flooring are permeable rubber flooring.
Multi-layer and transparent rubber flooring has its own advantages, the user can choose according to its requirements for the floor, such as wards, corridors, operating rooms can be used in different kinds of functional materials and colors.
Three, environmentally friendly PVC wall protection materials
Generally traditional wall protection materials are tiles, wallpaper or paint, but the modern environmentally friendly PVC wall protection materials have the following advantages, it is worth promoting.
1. Compared with traditional wall materials, environmentally friendly PVC plastic wall protection materials in both thickness and structure are more solid; particularly scratch-resistant, wear-resistant, easy to clean, unlike the general paint is easy to scratch; suitable for use in a large number of carts and furniture with rollers in the environment, such as hospitals. General hospital beds are equipped with rollers, often due to collision and damage to the paint on the walls.
2. The high-density wear-resistant layer of environmentally friendly PVC wall protection material can effectively prevent dirt from penetrating into the material. And the material's unique surface embossing (embossing) in providing decorative effect and at the same time to ensure simple cleaning and maintenance, most of the dirt just use a slightly wet clean rag can be easily removed.
3. Environmentally friendly PVC wall protection materials by antibacterial treatment, such as GOLDENPINGER brand wall plastic crash handrail by the famous European (Sandoz) "Sanitized" anti-bacteria treatment (Anti-BacteriaTreatment), to provide deeper hygiene protection for customers. It provides deeper hygiene protection and also prevents premature aging due to mold and other erosion, prolonging the durability of the product.
4. General wallpaper is only two feet (about 60cm) wide, with many seams, only suitable for home use. And PVC plastic wall protection material has 1m wide and 2m wide designed for the vast area of the project and designed to greatly reduce the seams.
5. Many styles of colorful PVC wall protection material is another major advantage, with different interior design requirements, good decorative effect.
6. High flame retardant (Fireretardant), through the world and China's relevant units of verification, to meet China's fire standards B1 group.
7. Service life: generally about 10 years, the manufacturer provides five-year original quality assurance.
8. Some of the better quality wall protection material with the bottom of the (non-woven structure) fiber support layer, on the one hand, can enhance the dimensional stability of the product, effectively reduce the temperature difference due to the phenomenon of cold shrinkage and heat rise; on the other hand, can make the material in the future replacement is easier to tear off the whole piece, reducing the manpower and material resources required for future renovation projects.
Four, the medical special anti-collision type handrail
In order to reduce or avoid the mobility of people (such as the elderly, foot injuries and frail patients, pregnant women, children) to fall when the risk of injury, Jinpingge anti-collision handrail has become a hospital corridor necessary measures, coupled with the manufacturers of the design of the handrail of the bright appearance, anti-collision handrail has both practical and decorative functions in one.
Five, elastic flooring, wall materials and handrail construction
Elastic flooring construction requirements are high.
1. The flatness of the ground is particularly important, the general flatness requirements for the two square meters of the relative difference is not greater than 2mm, such as the ground is poor, it is recommended that the use of self-leveling construction to meet the requirements.
2. Use special tools, such as self-leveling rollers, sanders, slotting knives, welding torches and spatulas.
3. Seamless welding installation process:
A. Use special tools to groove along the joints.
B. Put in the color-coordinated "welding rod" (WeldingRod) and "welding gun" for welding.
C. When it cools down a bit, use the special spatula to remove the protruding rod.
D. After it cools down completely, flatten the protrusion completely.
4. Installation process of wall molding:
The wall surface should be completely flat, free of cracks and water seepage; keep it clean, dry, smooth and structurally sound.
a)Connect the measuring rope on the wall to determine the position of wall plastic installation;
b)Lay the wall plastic flat and squeeze out all the air;
c)Cut out the wall plastic, use special glue to paint from the bottom of the wall upwards and lay the wallpaper in accordance with the measuring rope;
d)Use the special tools to flatten the wallpaper. Scrape away the air bubbles from top to bottom. When you reach the top edge of the wall, use a wide-edge cutter to cut so that the wallpaper is embedded in the corners;
e) Install another roll of wallpaper in the opposite direction.
5. Handrail installation process:
The site requires the wall straight (for the overall installation effect is perfect, the wall bias and 2m shall prevail error does not exceed 3mm). The wall should be strong, sturdy (general handrail is fixed with screws, such as the wall is hollow brick type calcium carbonate structure, it is necessary to reinforce the handrail installation at the fixed point). There is a certain curvature of the wall can also be installed handrail.
General handrail construction procedures:
A. Put a good line on the wall, the PVC polymer support seat installed in the desired wall location.
B. Fasten the metal profile on top of the support seat with screws.
C. Adjust and fasten the PVC polymer joints with screws at both ends of the metal profile, and then install the PVC polymer end caps securely.
D. Set the cushioning tape into the metal profile, and then set the PVC polymer decorative shell flat on the metal profile.
Six, resilient flooring, wall plastic, handrail cleaning and maintenance
Wall plastic and handrail cleaning is relatively simple, as long as the regular use of wet sponges and household cleaners can be cleaned. Therefore, in the back only talk in detail about the maintenance of resilient flooring.
1. By the wax-free treatment of the product cleaning method is relatively simple, generally as follows:
Daily maintenance (depending on the actual situation): "dry/half-wet mopping", if necessary, can be added to the water in the appropriate amount of neutral detergent, do not use too much water to clean the floor;
Every to Three-monthly maintenance (depending on the actual situation): "Spray Cleaning" using 1,000 rpm cleaning machine + apricot-colored cleaning pads + neutral detergent, can be cleaned and refurbished in the same room without over-watering;
Annual maintenance (depending on the actual situation): "Dry Polishing" (Dusting), which is the most effective way to clean the floor. DryBurnishing" - Renovation of old floors, high speed machine + white cleaning pads, without any detergent.
2. Without PUR treated products generally have to be waxed first (1 layer of sealing wax, 2 layers of resilient floor wax), usually with neutral detergent and water mopping can be, another cycle need to spray wax.
3. For the hospital's most concerned about the iodine decontamination problem, the market is currently more than medium PVC rubber flooring, such as staining can be cleaned in a timely manner, it is generally easier to clean clean, if the interval is too long to decontaminate, it is recommended to use the United States, Ecolab cleaning company to provide the iodine to clean the special cleaner, the effect is good.