Geochemist, born in 1941 in Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, graduated from the University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Chemistry, majoring in geochemistry in 1965 and stayed in the University to teach. 1983 to 1986, in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), the Department of Earth and Planetary Science for further study. From 1983 to 1986, he studied at the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He is currently a professor at the University of Science and Technology of China, and was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2003.
In the theoretical study of metamorphic isotope chronology, he was the first to discover that the dolomite of UHP garnet contains a large amount of excess argon; he proved the existence of isotopic imbalance between UHP metamorphic and demetamorphic minerals; he was the first to discover that the rare earth elements can be active under low-grade metamorphic conditions and that the Sm-Nd system can be reset; and he was the first to accurately determine the U- and Pb ages of rutile in garnet. Pb age of rutile in dacite. It was the first time to obtain the conclusion that the North China and South China land masses collided in the Triassic by determining the age of the dolomite in Dabie Mountain. The isotopic ages of a series of ophiolites and magmatic rocks in the North and South Qinling Mountains were systematically determined, which provided an important basis for the establishment of the model of the multi-land mass assemblage in the Qinling Orogenic Belt. For the first time, the secondary rapid cooling curves of the ultrahigh-pressure rocks in the Dabie Mountains were determined, and a more complete model of their multi-stage rapid folding mechanism was proposed by isotope tracing.
Prof. Shuguang Li has made systematic researches in the following fields and achieved a series of innovative results.
1. He has made many pioneering works on the isotope system and metamorphic chronology theory in UHP metamorphism: he discovered and proved earlier that dolomite in orogenic dolomite contains a large amount of excess argon; he proved that there is a Nd-Sr isotope disequilibrium between UHP metamorphic minerals and degenerate metamorphic minerals; he has calculated the homogenization scales of the Sr isotopes of the metamorphism of the green schist and the superposed langsang phase; he has precisely determined for the first time in the world the isotope homogenization scales of the green and superpositional langsang phase. The U-Pb age of rutile in garnet was precisely determined for the first time in the world. These works have made a decisive contribution to the correct dating of UHP metamorphism.
2. He conducted long-term systematic research on the collision process of the North and South China land masses and the evolution of the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt, and achieved important results: he first determined the Sm-Nd ages of the coquartz garnets in the Dabie Mountains in the Triassic period, and proved that they were the cause of crustal subduction, thus obtaining the conclusion of the final collision of the North and South China land masses in the Triassic period; he systematically determined the U-Pb ages of rutile in a series of North and South Qinling Mountains; and he also systematically determined the U-Pb ages of rutile in a series of North and South Qinling Mountains. The isotopic ages and geochemical characteristics of a series of ophiolites and island arc magmatites in the North and South Qinling Mountains were determined, which provided an important basis for the determination of the two suture lines in the Qinling orogenic belt and the establishment of the model of multi-land mass assemblage; moreover, the Paleoproterozoic magmatic arcs and oceanic crustal subduction-caused dolomites were discovered for the first time in the north side of the Dabie Mountains, and the ages of the other dolomites and magmatites in the Dabie Mountains were determined systematically, which led to the study of the crust-mantle interaction and lithosphere detachment process after the collision. The age of other gabbroic rocks and magmatic rocks in the Dabie Mountains has been systematically determined.
3. The folding mechanism of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks is a famous scientific problem in the study of deep continental subduction. He determined for the first time that the UHP rocks in Dabie Mountain have a secondary rapid cooling curve, giving important constraints on the history of multi-stage rapid uplift. Combined with the determination of the age of the same collision granite in the South Qinling Mountains and the identification of the U-Pb isotope characteristics of different tectonic units of the subducted crust, he proposed a more complete multi-stage folding model of the UHP metamorphic rocks.
4. The search for iron-rich ores was a strategic task in China in the 1970s. He applied trend surface analysis to successfully predict the deep rich ore body of Anben Bow Changling deposit, and drilled to verify the success; he applied C isotope to prove that the graphite in the magnetite-rich rocks in Bow Changling was caused by the metamorphic decomposition of rhodochrosite, and accordingly put forward a new model for the cause of this iron-rich deposit, which made an important contribution to the identification of the cause of black-rich ores and the expansion of the rich reserves, and won the second prize of Science and Technology from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The above results have been highly valued by domestic and international peers, with a total SCI citation frequency of 477 for the first author paper and 372 citations by others.
2. Ouyang Ziyuan (1935- )
World-renowned astrochemist and geochemist. He actively participated in and guided the formulation of China's near-term goals and long-term plans for lunar exploration, specifically designed the scientific objectives and payload configuration for the first domestic lunar exploration, and the programs and scientific objectives for the second and third phases of lunar exploration, and was the chief scientist of China's lunar exploration project, and was known as the "Father of Chang'e".
Ouyang Ziyuan, originally from Shangrao, Jiangxi Province, was born in Ji'an, Jiangxi Province, on October 9, 1935, and after graduating from Yongxin Middle School (now Ren Bishi Middle School) in 1952, he attended the Beijing Geological Institute, where he graduated from undergraduate school in 1956, and graduated as a graduate student from the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1961, and stayed at the Institute to engage in scientific research after graduation. After graduation, he stayed at the Institute to engage in scientific research, and from 1966 onwards, he served as Director of the Research Laboratory, Deputy Director and Director of the Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and from 1980-1981 and 1983-1984, he worked at the Max-Planck-Institut für Nuklearphysik in Germany, where he was a Visiting Researcher. Director of the Bureau of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is now a researcher at the Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Guizhou Provincial People's Congress, and chairman of the Guizhou Provincial Association for Science and Technology. 1991, he was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (academician). 2007, July, he was selected as one of the first batch of core specialists of Guizhou Province. 2008, June 13, Ouyang Ziyuan served as the first torchbearer for the Olympic flame passing through Guizhou Province.
Academician Ouyang Ziyuan is the founder of the discipline of astrochemistry in China, and was the first to systematically carry out research on various types of extraterrestrial materials (meteorites, cosmic dust, moon rocks) and comparative planetary studies in 1960. He put forward the hypothesis of the genesis of iron meteorites, and the theory of the formation and evolutionary pattern of the Jilin meteorite with a multi-stage cosmic ray irradiation history. For the first time in the world, ablation-type cosmic dust in a geologic body was discovered and a series of criteria was proposed to classify the types of cosmic dust genesis. A series of new models and theories on the chemical inhomogeneity and chemical evolution process of the solar nebula, the abundance of planetary patterns, the origin and evolution of the planetary and Earth's atmosphere, hydrosphere, and inner circles, and Earth's energy sources and evolutionary stages have been proposed, which have been recognized by the international academic community. He has enriched the theory of the genesis of glass meteorites, demonstrated the impact events at the Cretaceous/Tertiary interface in China, and put forward the hypothesis that extraterrestrial impacts induced paleoclimatic cyclogenesis, as well as the six giant impacts on the Earth during the Cenozoic Era, which induced climatic and environmental catastrophes and the extinction of living organisms. In recent years, he has proposed a theoretical framework for the non-homogeneity of the primordial composition of the Earth and the non-homogeneity of its evolution. For his outstanding scientific contributions, he has been honored with many national and provincial awards, among which "Comprehensive Study of Geological Effects of Underground Nuclear Tests" (first completer) was awarded the National Science Congress Prize, the Major Scientific and Technological Achievement Prize of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Guizhou Provincial Science Congress Prize in 1978, "Comprehensive Study of Jilin Meteorite" (first completer) was awarded the First Prize of the Scientific and Technological Advancement of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1986, and the National Comprehensive Research on Jilin Meteorites (first completer) was awarded the First Prize of Scientific and Technological Progress of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1986 and the Third Prize of National Natural Science in 1987, and the monograph of Astrochemistry (by Ouyang Ziyuan) was awarded the First Prize of Natural Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1991. He has published more than 300 papers in academic journals at home and abroad, 6 monographs and 11 co-edited monographs. He has been awarded the National Science Congress Award, the National Natural Science Award and the Natural Science Award of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He has trained more than 50 masters, doctors and postdoctoral fellows, some of whom have become the backbone of China's geoscientific research, teaching and production, and some of whom have grown up to be academic leaders in various fields of geochemistry. Vice President of Chinese Geological Society, Vice President of Chinese Society of Space Science, Vice President of International Commission for Environmental Sciences, Member of International Commission for Lithosphere China, Chinese Commission for International Geosphere-Biosphere Comparison Program and Chinese Commission for International Space Research, Part-time researcher of Institute of Geophysics, Institute of Geology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geology, Lanzhou, Part-time professor of Peking University, Nanjing University, University of Science and Technology of China, China University of Geosciences and Changchun University of Science and Technology. He is the editor-in-chief of Environmental Science, Gold Science and Technology, Bulletin of Geochemistry of Minerals and Rocks, and Geogeochemistry, and editor-in-chief of Journal of Space Science, China Population, Resources and Environment, and Antarctica. Resources and Environment, Antarctic Research, and Chinese J. of Geochemistry, and is a member of the editorial board of eight scientific journals, including Science China.
Ouyang Ziyuan once said in an interview, "Biographical Sketches of Scientists has a greater influence on me, and I especially respect Madame Curie; among the martial arts characters, I appreciate Qiao Feng's frankness and atmosphere and sense of family and country."
3, Fu Jiamu,
China's organic geochemistry founder, originally from Hunan, was born in May 1933 in Shanghai. 1955 to join the Communist Party of China in May, researcher, doctoral supervisor, in 1991 was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is currently the Director of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Resource Utilization and Protection, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dean of the College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, and Director of the Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, Shanghai University. He is also Director of the Degree Committee of Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Director of the State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Director of the Academic Committee, Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and Vice-Chairman of Guangdong Provincial Association for Science and Technology. He enjoys the special governmental allowance of the State Council.
He graduated from the China University of Geosciences in 1956, obtained a master's degree from the Institute of Geology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1961, and served as a technician in the Southwest Coalfield Geological Exploration Bureau in 1956-1957; he was promoted to assistant in 1962, associate researcher in 1966, and researcher in 1988, and led the establishment of the first organic geochemistry laboratory of China in 1966, and served as the director of the laboratory. In 1966, he led the establishment of China's first organic geochemistry laboratory and served as its director. 1985, he led the establishment of the Open Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (promoted to the State Key Laboratory in 1990), carrying out research on petroleum geochemistry and molecular organic geochemistry. 1993, he relied on the State Laboratory to set up the "Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for the Utilization and Conservation of Environmental Resources". In 1993, the "Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Resources Utilization and Protection" was established based on the national laboratory. He has been responsible for and participated in the completion of more than 30 scientific research tasks, such as the National Research Program, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc. His research achievements have won seven national awards. His research achievements have won 7 national awards and 20 ministerial awards, and in 2003 he was awarded the He Liang He Li Science and Technology Award. He has published more than 400 papers in academic journals at home and abroad, including more than 100 international SCI papers, 5 monographs and 1 translation. His representative works include Organic Geochemistry, Carbonate Rock Geochemistry, Caseous Root Geochemistry and Advances in Geochemistry, etc. He has trained more than 40 postdoctoral, doctoral and master's degree students.
4. Zhang Benren
Geochemist, born on May 28, 1929 in Huaiyuan, Anhui Province, graduated from the Department of Geology of Nanjing University in 1952, and graduated from Beijing Geological Institute in 1956 as a postgraduate student. He is a professor at China University of Geosciences, and in the early 1980s he combined geochemical studies of metallogenic zones with regional bedrock geochemical measurements, breaking through the limitations of the single target of geochemistry in finding minerals and evaluating anomalies at that time, as well as developing a variety of applications of bedrock measurements for solving geologic and metallogenic problems.From the late 1980s to 1991, he put forward new theory and methodology for regional geochemistry based on regional lithosphere, and used it for the Qinhai Geological Park, which has been the largest geochemical park in China. From the late 1980s to 1991, he proposed a new theory and methodology of regional geochemistry based on regional lithosphere for regional geochemical research in the Qinba region, which organically combined regional lithosphere research with regional tectonic, rock and mineral research, and deepened the understanding of regional lithosphere evolution, tectonic development, and the law of rock-forming and metallogenicity.Since 1992, he has explored the tectonic zonation and evolution of the Qinling-Dabie Mountain orogenic belt through the study of crust-mantle evolution and interaction, and revealed the structure of orogenic movement and its evolution. Since 1992, he has explored the tectonic zoning and evolution of the Qinling-Dabie Mountain orogenic belt through the study of crust-mantle evolution and interaction, and revealed the deep process of orogenic movement and its dynamical factors.
5. Yu Chongwen
Geochemist, born in February, 1924, is a native of Zhenhai, Ningbo, China, and graduated from the Department of Geology of Peking University in 1950. He has long been engaged in the basic theory of geochemistry, theoretical geochemistry, regional geochemistry and mathematical geology. He is a professor of China University of Geosciences, executive director of China Mineral and Rock Geochemistry Society and chairman of Regional Geochemistry Committee of Elemental Geochemistry, and member of Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources, etc. He was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1995. He has made many theoretical achievements in his specialties, such as regional geochemistry, and has made pioneering contributions to the development of regional geochemistry in China. He was awarded the second prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award and the first prize of the Science and Technology Achievement Award of the Ministry of Geology and Minerals[1].
6. Tu Guangqi
Graduated from Nankai High School, Tianjin in 1937, and graduated from the Department of Geology, Geography and Meteorology, Southwest United University, Kunming in 1944, he received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Minnesota, U.S.A. in 1949, and served as a ResearchAssociate of the Pennsylvania State University, U.S.A., from 1949-1950. D. degree from the University of Minnesota, U.S.A., 1949-1950, Research Associate of Pennsylvania State University, U.S.A., 1950-1951, Associate Professor of Tsinghua University, U.S.A., where he was the first to open a course on geochemistry in China. In 1956, he became an associate researcher and researcher at the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. During the same period, he was also a professor at the Beijing Geological Institute, Peking University and the University of Science and Technology of China, and from 1966 onwards he was the deputy director, director and honorary director of the Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and was elected as a member of the Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (academician) in 1980, and he was a deputy to the Fifth and Sixth National People's Congresses and the deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Seventh Guizhou National People's Congress, as well as the director of the Department of Geology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was a member of the National Degree Committee, a member of the National Natural Science Prize Reed Committee, and a member of the Presidium of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is currently an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, an academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, an academician of the Third World Academy of Sciences, and the honorary president of the Chinese Society of Mineralogical Geochemistry. He is also a professor of Peking University, Nanjing University, Zhejiang University, University of Science and Technology of China and China University of Geosciences, a member of the editorial boards of Science China and Science Bulletin, and editor-in-chief of Geochemistry and Mineralogical Journal in Chinese and English. He has been a lifetime honorary member of the Geological Society of America since 1987, and has served on the foreign editorial board of EarthandPlanetaryScienceLetters.
In the 1950s, Mr. Tu conducted a comprehensive geological survey in the Qilian Mountains and the arid zones of Northwest China; in the 1960s, he was engaged in the geological study of granite-related deposits and uranium in South China; in the 1970s, in addition to continuing this research, he focused on the study of iron-rich deposits; in the 1980s, he mainly studied the stratified deposits; and in the later years, he focused on the northern part of Xinjiang and the geology of gold, which has continued to this day. In 1982, "Geochemistry of South China Granites" was awarded the Second Prize of National Natural Science; in 1985, "Zhu Kezhen Field Work Award" of Chinese Academy of Sciences; in 1987, "Layered Ore Deposits in China" was awarded the Second Prize of National Natural Science. In 1987, "Geochemistry of Layer-Controlled Ore Deposits in China" was awarded the First Prize of National Natural Science; in 1993, "Main Types of Gold Mines in China, Mineralization Models and Direction of Mineral Search" was awarded the First Prize of the National Gold Administration (he was the first author of the above works); in 1995, he was awarded the He He Li Foundation Award for Scientific and Technical Advancement. In 1995, he was awarded the prize for scientific and technological progress by the Liang He Li Foundation (in earth sciences); in 1996, the book "Mineral Deposits of China" was awarded the second prize for scientific and technological progress by the State (as the lead-zinc deposits part).