Sheng is a famous veterinarian and microbiologist in China, and a pioneer of modern animal husbandry and veterinary education in China. He was born in poverty, but with his outstanding talent and superhuman efforts, he achieved excellent academic results, studied in Germany and obtained two doctorates in medicine and veterinary medicine. In the bonfire of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he resolutely returned to the motherland and devoted himself to the sacred cause of saving the country through science; He founded the first animal husbandry and veterinary college in China and trained a large number of senior animal husbandry and veterinary talents. He cares about China's animal husbandry, writes books, runs around, and works hard for enriching the people and strengthening the country all his life; His rigorous academic attitude and pursuit of truth set an example for us as scholars. He is a decent man, upright and upright, and has the courage to adhere to principles; He treats his friends, teachers, students and family with generosity and enthusiasm, and gives selfless support and help. Although Mr. Sheng has been treated unfairly many times, he is outstanding and independent. He is a master of learning and a model.
Poor talent laid the foundation of veterinary ambition.
Shengzu was born in Yongxin County, Jiangxi Province. 1911was born in Changsha, Hunan on June 4th. There are many brothers, sons and nephews in the family. The family lives on the meager salary of the father who is a middle school teacher and lives in extreme poverty. During the period of 1922, Sheng was admitted to Yali Middle School, a missionary school run by foreigners. Except Chinese and China history, other courses are taught in English, and the teaching is very strict. This rigorous training in Yali Middle School has laid a solid foreign language foundation and cultural foundation for Sheng.
1926, the national revolutionary army conquered Changsha in the northern expedition. As the president of the Student Union, Sheng has a sense of justice and organized and launched a student movement against imperialist cultural aggression and enslavement education. After that, he was forced to transfer to the second middle school in Jiangxi Province.
1928, graduated from Sheng High School and was admitted to the Biology Department of Nanjing Central University. At Central University, he eagerly studied all kinds of knowledge. In addition to studying the required courses in his department, he also took some courses in the Department of Chemistry, the Department of Physics, the Department of Foreign Languages and even the Department of Philosophy and Economics. At the same time, I also read many literary books and publications. He likes Lu Xun's works best, and he likes reading magazines such as Yusi and Mangyuan, which often contain Lu Xun's essays. Later, he went to Germany to study. Apart from a Dehua dictionary, Lu Xun's Wild Grass was the only Chinese document he carried with him.
Because of his cleverness and eagerness to learn, Sheng Tongsheng completed his four-year college course in only three years. In the last year, I transferred to Shanghai Medical College of Central University (the predecessor of Shanghai Medical University) to study as a first-year undergraduate. /kloc-in the summer of 0/934, his hometown of Jiangxi Province recruited international students at public expense, including a medical place to study in Germany. He resolutely returned to Nanchang to take the exam and was admitted with excellent results. In September of the same year, he interrupted his studies in Shanghai and boarded a passenger ship bound for Germany.
At that time, German universities were all state-owned, with the same academic system, and students were encouraged to transfer to other schools in order to broaden their horizons. Such an educational system and academic atmosphere give a solid foundation and outstanding talents a freer development space. After studying in Munich University for one year, I transferred to Berlin University in the second semester. At the University of Berlin, he completed the course and doctoral thesis in only two years, and passed the defense, and obtained the doctor's degree of medicine from the University of Berlin on 1936. Because Sheng believes that the physical weakness of our people is caused by the lack of animal food, and animal husbandry and veterinary science is the starting point to solve this problem. So he transferred to Hanover Veterinary College to complete his homework and doctoral thesis in veterinary medicine, and obtained his doctorate in veterinary medicine at 1938. It's great to get two doctorates in Germany, where academic research is rigorous. It's even more unexpected that Sheng switched from medicine to veterinary medicine, which was not valued by Chinese people at that time, but it just shows his unique lofty aspirations.
Care about the war in the motherland and test loyalty.
As early as his student days, Sheng pursued progress, participated in the student movement and rebelled against the reactionary Kuomintang regime. 1932 During the Battle of Songhu, he also joined the medical rescue team and went to the front to rescue the injured anti-Japanese soldiers. During his college years, he reported Lv Ji, Zhu Lizhi and others in Underground party member. During his stay in Germany, Sheng met Wang Bingnan, Joe, Jiang Longji and other China party member, and his thoughts were full of * * *. 1935, Sheng joined the anti-imperialist grand alliance in Berlin, the party's peripheral organization. He often used the tuition money saved to finance the China * * * Production Party's "Salvation Times" published in Paris. 1938 At the 13th International Veterinary Congress held in Zurich, Switzerland, Sheng delivered a speech at the closing ceremony, strongly condemning Japanese imperialism's aggression against China, and calling on scientists from all countries to support China and unite with * * * against the aggressive war launched by Japan, which aroused enthusiastic response from scholars from all countries attending the meeting and made donations for China's anti-Japanese war.
1September, 938, Sheng returned to the motherland with sincere patriotism and ambition to serve the country, and taught in Jiangxi Provincial Veterinary College and Northwest Agricultural College successively. 194 1 spring, transferred to the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Chengdu Central University to teach. During his teaching in Central University, he worked part-time in many universities, devoted himself to teaching, research and compilation, and achieved many high-level achievements.
He used his spare time in the evening to translate "Veterinary Bacteriology" written by Cather line by line from micro-movies. He also compiled the Practice Guide of Veterinary Bacteriology, which solved the problem of microbiology teaching materials in several universities. He tried his best to carry out research work in the case of extreme lack of funds. For example, he did a veterinary clinical trial on sulfonamides that had just come out at that time, and wrote "The Effects of Sulfonamides on Mycobacterium Melilotus", which confirmed that sulfonamides had bactericidal effect on Mycobacterium Melilotus at a certain concentration or above, and had curative effect on experimental acute malleolus in guinea pigs. His achievement "Study on Buffalo Encephalomyelitis" confirmed that buffalo encephalomyelitis was caused by a virus, which was the first report in the world and the result was published in the journal Nature. Under the extremely difficult conditions in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he was able to write such a high-level paper, which made his peers respect him.
1946, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Sheng felt the urgent need for animal husbandry and veterinary education in China, obtained the consent of the Ministry of Education of the National Government at that time and the support of the United Nations Relief Agency, and established the first veterinary college in China, temporarily attached to Lanzhou University. Sheng became the first dean of the College of Veterinary Medicine of Lanzhou University, responsible for the preparation of the college. Soon, the Veterinary College was separated from Lanzhou University and became an independent "National Veterinary College", with Sheng as its president. At that time, Lanzhou had inconvenient transportation and backward culture. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, most of the intellectuals who moved from the coast to the mainland returned to Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing and the southeast. However, Sheng was far-sighted, did the opposite, stuck to the northwest, took risks, and founded a veterinary college that was not taken seriously by ordinary people. For the construction of the college, he often traveled between Lanzhou and Nanjing, seeking funds and equipment from the Ministry of Education of the National Government and the United Nations Relief Agency, and recruiting teachers for the new college. At that time, few people were willing to work in the northwest. In order to attract high-level talents, Sheng exhausted all the ways he could think of. First, we should try our best to hire a group of famous teachers to teach in our school, such as biochemists (later the first batch of academicians of China Academy of Sciences), pastoralists Lu and English professors, and second, we should make appointments for overseas students (such as Zhu). Third, subsidize self-funded international students. During the period of 1947, the Ministry of Education of the National Government held a self-funded study abroad examination. Sheng squeezed some money out of the school funds, sponsored the travel expenses of four scholars abroad and the tuition fees for half a year, and promised to remit money one after another. The condition is that you must teach at the Veterinary College after returning to China (such as Xie, Chen Beiheng and Jiang Jisheng). Fourthly, some students are selected from the recent graduates of Central University in 1948 for on-site training, and they will teach in the school and be hired as lecturers two years later.
As an educator, Sheng's cherish and enthusiasm for talents is extraordinary. After Xu Yitai, who was teaching in the school at that time, left without saying goodbye, Sheng Tongsheng was in a hurry, collecting the addresses of Xu Yitai's relatives and friends as much as possible and sending personal letters to each address to persuade him to come back. Wherever Xu Shoutai went, he saw Sheng's personal letters and so on. He was so moved that he finally wrote to Sheng and promised to come back. Nevertheless, Sheng was not at ease and sent people to Shanghai, Nanjing and other places to look for him. Xu Yitai finally returned to Lanzhou. After Professor Chen Beiheng, Professor Liao and Professor Jiang Cisheng returned from studying abroad, Sheng enthusiastically fought for their settlement.
Shengtongsheng attaches great importance to those who succeed academically and does not neglect young people. For young people who come to the school to teach, he often goes deep into their dormitory to check whether the water in the water tank is full, whether the window paper is pasted, whether the coal, stove and firewood are ready, and so on, which deeply touches the young people.
1950, Northwest Military and Political Commission was established. Sheng was appointed vice minister of Northwest Animal Husbandry Department and member of Northwest Finance and Economics Committee. On 1950, he organized a huge investigation team composed of teachers, students and professionals from the northwest provinces through the Northwest Military and Political Committee, and conducted a one-year investigation on animal husbandry and veterinary in the four northwest provinces, which was the first comprehensive animal husbandry and veterinary investigation in the history of western China. This investigation found out the family background, accumulated information and trained talents.
1953, the departments of national colleges and universities were adjusted, and the animal husbandry and veterinary majors of Northwest Agricultural College and Northwest Agricultural College were merged into the National Veterinary College, and the establishment of Northwest Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College was expanded, becoming the only animal husbandry and veterinary college in Northwest China at that time. Sheng was the president of Northwest Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College.
During this period, all the teachers and students of Northwest Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, under the leadership of Sheng, have done a lot of scientific research and technology promotion work in close cooperation with the actual production in Northwest China. Whether it is Sheng himself or the academy he founded, this period is full of vitality, such as the rising sun, and the future is limitless.
1954 China academy of sciences established northwest branch in Lanzhou. Sheng, then deputy director of the preparatory office of Northwest Branch of China Academy of Sciences, suggested establishing a comprehensive veterinary research institute in Northwest Branch. With the consent of the preparatory office, the veterinary laboratory and the affiliated livestock hospital were established first. Sheng Guangna talents, responsible for the preparation of veterinary laboratories. 1957 February, the Veterinary Laboratory of Northwest Branch of China Academy of Sciences was established. In September of the same year, the veterinary laboratory was merged into the Northwest Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences. On July 1958 and 1, the Institute of Chinese Veterinary Medicine of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences was established on the basis of merging into the Veterinary Laboratory of Northwest Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Sheng is one of the founders of the Institute of Veterinary Medicine of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences. When Sheng was young, he personally felt the developed animal husbandry and veterinary industry in Europe and its important role in economic development and national physique. He realized that to build a modern country, he must have a developed animal husbandry and veterinary industry, so he turned from medicine to veterinary medicine.
In the early days of the founding of New China, he advocated "rotating grazing, storing grass for winter and improving livestock breeds" in pastoral areas by inspecting Xinjiang, Qinghai, Shaanxi and other provinces, which promoted the development of animal husbandry in northwest China. 1957 was wrongly classified as "Rightist". After being dismissed from all administrative posts, Sheng only kept his post as a member of the CPPCC, he delivered speeches at national and local conferences three times, questioning the rule of "taking grain as the key link" regardless of regional characteristics at that time, and urged to speed up the development of animal husbandry, thus promoting the early modernization of agriculture in China. His speech caused a warm response. In his speech at 1980 Chinese Academy of Sciences, he strongly advocated the concept of "large-scale animal husbandry", which attracted the attention of scholars attending the meeting. His speech was reprinted by People's Daily, which had a great influence.
After Sheng Tongsheng was labeled as "Rightist", although he suffered a lot of unfair treatment, he remained loyal to his motherland, career and history, and devoted himself to translating the German masterpiece Special Pathology and Therapeutics of Livestock written by Hungarian scientists, which was published in two volumes. The first volume is called infectious diseases of livestock, and the second volume is called internal medicine of livestock. During the "Cultural Revolution", Sheng translated the book Infectious Diseases of Livestock written by Bell, the former GDR, in the "cowshed". This is another contribution of Sheng to China Veterinary Medicine. Sheng is famous for his rigorous and earnest work.
During his teaching in Nanjing Central University, he taught with classified cards, with clear thinking, strong logic and conciseness. The students like to listen to his lectures, but the classroom discipline is extremely strict. As soon as the bell rang, he entered the classroom on time and closed the door. Those who are late want to come in, so they have to knock at the door first and explain the reason. During his tenure as president of the National Veterinary College, he insisted on publishing the Journal of the National Veterinary College and personally read it once a month. He was asked to preface the investigation report written by his colleagues. While writing the preface, he seriously pointed out several mistakes in the report and said to them with a heavy tone: "This is a book!" " Everyone has been impressed so far.
In 1984, my colleague and Sheng He, who is over 70 years old, wrote an article about animal husbandry. The assistant copied the manuscript and sent it to Sheng for revision. When he sent the manuscript back, he attached a letter saying that two pages were upside down and sent it back as it was for his colleagues to read.
One of his old students, who lives in America, is a tenured professor in a university. After the "Cultural Revolution", I returned to China to visit Sheng. Of course, the teacher received me warmly. But during the conversation, the old student said, "We American dogs all eat meat" and "You China". Sheng was very disgusted, so he wrote to him and said, "Your words and deeds have deeply hurt the hearts of the people of China." . The following year, I heard that he would visit China again. Sheng wrote 16 letters on carbon paper and distributed them to people this gentleman might visit. If he saw this gentleman, he asked them to "help".
Sheng not only works hard in writing, but also in general affairs. In the infrastructure construction of Fuxitang of National Veterinary College, he asked people to make the doors and windows like this, hang them on the wall, and go in and out for a period of time before deciding on the style. When he bought a chair, he not only looked at the front, but also turned it over and over again. He must see everything to be at ease. The instrument and drug management system he established was taken as an example for Northwest Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Sheng has been educating his students by example. The teacher's strictness is best interpreted in Sheng.
1On May 9, 987, Sheng experienced glory and ups and downs and completed his 76-year life journey.
What can comfort Mr. Sheng is that he devoted all his efforts to animal husbandry and veterinary education, which has made unprecedented development in northwest China and even the whole country. In order to deeply cherish the memory of Sheng's noble personality and dedication to science, with the joint efforts of relevant parties, 1994 established Sheng Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science Fund, now renamed Sheng Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science Scholarship, which played a greater role. The Lanzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, founded by Mr. Sheng, specially made a bronze statue for him on the occasion of its 50th anniversary, and stood in the courtyard of the institute to permanently commemorate Mr. Sheng's outstanding contribution to the animal husbandry and veterinary cause and the development of the institute in China.
● Contributed by Lanzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences ●