Symptoms and treatment of otitis media
If the child suffers from otitis media, parents can generally find that the child has hearing loss. Parents will respond when they call their children many times. At this time, parents will pay attention. This may be otitis media. As parents, we should find out the discomfort of children in time. If the following symptoms of otitis media appear, it is necessary to treat them in time. So what are the symptoms of otitis media?
Otitis media can be divided into non-suppurative otitis media and suppurative otitis media. Nonsuppurative otitis media is called catarrhal otitis media, and suppurative otitis media includes acute suppurative otitis media and chronic suppurative otitis media. The symptoms of otitis media also show different symptom characteristics according to the types of otitis media. In general, the symptoms of catarrhal otitis media in children are tinnitus and deafness. The symptoms of acute otitis media can be divided into local symptoms and systemic symptoms, which mainly occur in children with weakness and diabetes, while the symptoms of chronic suppurative otitis media in children include rhinorrhea, deafness, dizziness and vomiting.
Otitis media refers to inflammatory lesions involving all or part of the middle ear (including eustachian tube tympanum, tympanic sinus and mastoid air chamber). Most of them are nonspecific inflammation, especially in children, which can be divided into two categories: non-suppurative and suppurative. You need to actively look for ways to treat otitis media. At present, there are many treatments for otitis media, including drug treatment, prescription treatment and surgical treatment. Here are some treatments for you.
1, actively treat upper respiratory diseases, such as chronic sinusitis and chronic tonsillitis.
2. Drug therapy: aqueous solution of antibiotics or mixed solution of antibiotics and steroid hormones, such as 0.25% chloramphenicol solution, chloramphenicol cortisone solution and ofloxacin ear drops, can treat otitis media and otitis externa. Or take medicine: (1) cefradine capsules, each time 1-2 capsules, 4 times a day. (2) Longdan Xiegan Pill, 9g each time, three times a day. (3) Huanglian Shangqing tablets, 4 tablets each time, 3 times a day. (4) andrographis paniculata internal fat tablets, 4 tablets each time, 3 times a day.
3, local medication matters needing attention
① Wash the pus in the external auditory canal and middle ear cavity before taking the medicine, which can be cleaned with 3% hydrogen peroxide or boric acid water, and then wipe it with a cotton swab or suck out the pus with an aspirator before dropping the medicine.
(2) Use clear water when the amount of pus is large, and use boric acid alcohol when the amount is small.
4. Prescription treatment: (1) honeysuckle 30g, raw licorice 10g, decoction 1 dose, 3-4 days a day. (2) 30g of dandelion, 30g of plantain and 30g of viola yedoensis each, 65,438 0 doses per day, and decocted for 3 times for 3-4 days. (3) Flos Chrysanthemi Indici 12g, Flos Malvae 10g, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae 15g, Rhizoma Alismatis 15g, and Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae 30g, and decocted twice. (4) 65,438+0 cloves of garlic and 65,438+00 ml of distilled water. Wash and mash garlic, make juice with distilled water, and drip it into ears several times a day, 65,438+0 times in total. This prescription is suitable for otitis media, especially suppurative otitis media.
How to prevent otitis media
The prevention of otitis media is very important. Parents should teach their children the correct way to blow their noses every day, and at the same time keep their children away from the source of the disease. If they suspect that their ears are infected, they should see a doctor in time. How to prevent otitis media is very important for children's health. So, how to prevent otitis media?
1, the correct way to teach children to blow their noses. Because cold is the biggest pathogenic factor of otitis media, children should start to go to school independently in kindergarten when they are 3-6 years old. If you blow your nose incorrectly, it will often cause otitis media. Parents should first teach their children the correct way to blow their noses. Parents should teach their children to be gentle when blowing their noses, not too hard, otherwise it will lead to ear infections. Children should also be taught not to hold their noses and sneeze, because this will also lead to infection entering their ears.
2. Reduce children's chances in unclean environment: As parents, the first thing to do is to quit smoking. Compared with smoke-free families, children living with smokers seem to be more likely to suffer from otitis media. Cigarettes can irritate the intima of nasal meatus and middle ear cavity, and then interfere with the normal activity of eustachian tube. If you can't quit smoking, at least don't smoke at home. At the same time, reduce the chances of children appearing in unclean environments. If you are swimming in a swimming pool, you need to choose a clean swimming pool instead of swimming in dirty water. If water accidentally enters the ear, blow dry the ear in time and pull the outer ear upward and outward to straighten the ear canal. Keep the hair dryer 5- 10 cm away from the ear and blow it into the ear. Blow with warm or cold air for 30 seconds. This can eliminate the temperature and humidity environment where bacteria and molds grow.
3. Keep children away from the source of the disease. Otitis media is mostly caused by colds or other upper respiratory tract infections. Keeping children away from infected children will help reduce the risk of ear infection. If the child suffers from allergic rhinitis, controlling the condition is also conducive to preventing ear infections. When choosing a child day care institution, you should check how the institution handles sick children.
4. Be alert to signs of disease. When you suspect that your child's ear is infected, it is very important to see a doctor as soon as possible. Therefore, parents need to know the symptoms indicating ear infection. When an ear is infected, older children will complain of ear pain or swelling. But younger children can't describe earache, so parents need to pay attention to other signs that the ear is about to be infected, such as: children pulling or scratching their ears, hearing or balance problems, crying more than usual, and ear bleeding (symptoms that have been infected include fever, crying, scratching their ears, nausea and vomiting).
Be careful when feeding with a bottle. Avoid feeding the baby with bottles or other baby food when lying on his back, because when the baby swallows on his back, nutritious liquid will flow into the eustachian tube and gather, creating a very comfortable breeding ground for infectious organisms.
6. Be careful of your child's ears. Because the child is more active, the mother may accidentally hurt the child's outer ear when picking out her ear. Therefore, when pulling out your ears, you should use light force and don't have to pull out your ears often, because ear secretions also have the effect of protecting your ears. Wipe off the secretion properly with a cotton swab.
7, improve the body's immunity. Because children's immune system is very imperfect, their resistance is very low, especially young children, and their language skills are very low, so they can't express their physical discomfort. However, if parents find that their children shake their heads for unknown reasons, scratch their ears with their hands, or refuse to eat milk, cry at night, scratch their ears with their hands, and have secretions flowing out of their ears, parents should pay more attention and go to the otolaryngology department as soon as possible to reduce the harm of otitis media to their children. Parents usually pay attention to exercise with their children, encourage their children to participate in outdoor activities, breathe fresh air, improve immunity and enhance disease resistance.
What can't otitis media eat
(1) Spicy food, such as pepper, pepper, cinnamon, ginger, pepper, mustard, galangal, onion, garlic, etc. These foods are warm and pungent, and fire will hurt the yin, aggravate the patient's internal heat, and easily aggravate otitis media.
(2) Fermented food: This kind of food has certain allergenic factors. Improper consumption will cause allergic reaction and aggravate the symptoms of otitis media. Hair products mainly include fish, shrimp, crab and other seafood. In addition, eat less eggs and coriander.
(3) Fat-rich and thick foods: These foods tend to accumulate dampness and produce phlegm, which helps to get angry, make the body damp and hot, and aggravate the symptoms of otitis media.
(4) Cold diet: Patients with otitis media should not eat more cold drinks, such as frozen drinks, cool fruits and ice cream.
(5) Hot tonics: It is not advisable to take hot tonics when otitis media attacks, such as ginseng, velvet antler, cinnamon, bullwhip, aconite, Dabu ointment, etc.
(6) Hard food, such as peanuts, watermelon seeds, pistachios, hard oil cakes, fried dough sticks, etc. These foods are difficult to chew and will aggravate the pain of otitis media.
(7) fishy food: otitis media diet should also avoid fishy food such as seafood. This kind of food has certain allergic factors, and improper consumption will cause allergic reaction and aggravate the symptoms of otitis media.
Causes of otitis media
Most of the causes of otitis media are caused by bacterial or viral infections in the middle ear, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus hemolyticus B and Pneumococcus. Pathogens and secretions can easily enter the middle ear through the eustachian tube and cause inflammatory lesions, which usually occur between 6-month-old babies and 7-year-old children. Otitis media can occur in one ear or both ears. The specific causes of otitis media are:
1. Respiratory tract and nasopharyngeal infection: When children suffer from diseases such as colds, rhinitis and pharyngitis, some infectious diseases such as measles, scarlet fever and influenza will enter the body through the respiratory tract, which often leads to an increase in nasopharyngeal secretions. When there are a lot of bacteria in the nasopharynx, these bacteria can easily enter the ear.
There is an inclined tube between the ear and pharynx, which is called eustachian tube in medicine. Children's eustachian tubes are different from those of adults. It is short, flat and wide, and the direction of the eustachian tube is almost horizontal, so that the liquid in the nasopharynx can easily enter the middle ear through the eustachian tube. Similarly, when a child has a cold, because of bacterial infection, it is easy to blow his nose forcibly.
Parents should also pay more attention to children aged 3-6 who live in a collective environment after going to kindergarten, or when their children are in public places such as swimming pools where smoking is not well ventilated and the environment is dirty, because these public places greatly increase the chances of their children being exposed to cold germs or viruses, and germs easily enter their respiratory tract through nose and throat, which will increase the possibility of their children catching a cold, thus causing.
2. Improper feeding of the baby: If the baby drinks water or milk on his back, water or milk will flow into the nasopharynx, thus entering the eustachian tube, causing eustachian tube infection, which may lead to otitis media. Therefore, when the baby drinks milk or other drinks, he should raise his head slightly and wipe off the water or milk flowing out at any time.
3, external ear transmission: some mothers are digging ears for their children. Although everyone is very cautious, it may be that the child's restlessness accidentally damaged the mucosa or tympanic membrane of the external auditory canal, causing secretions from the ear to enter the middle ear. These secretions contain a large number of bacteria, which infect the middle ear and may spread to the middle ear for inflammation. In fact, secretions in the ear, such as earwax, have a certain protective effect on the ear. If there are too many, mothers should pay attention to their children when pulling out their ears. When the child is quiet, you can gently wipe it off with a cotton swab at the edge of the ear canal.
4. Treatment interruption: Under normal circumstances, the symptoms of acute otitis media will be relieved or even disappeared after taking the medicine for a few days. At this time, don't stop taking medicine and treatment according to your own judgment that your child has recovered. Stopping treatment halfway is one of the reasons why acute otitis media does not heal for a long time or even becomes chronic.
Conclusion: Otitis media is very common. Otitis media is generally divided into two categories: non-suppurative and suppurative. The general treatment methods of the two types of otitis media are also somewhat different. Otitis media should be treated in time. The above details the symptoms and treatment of otitis media, as well as how to prevent otitis media and what otitis media can't eat. I hope everyone can pay attention.