I. The basic procedure of surveying and mapping work
(1), the establishment of construction control network;
(2), according to the requirements of the design drawings of the building (structure) sampling;
(3), after the completion of each construction process, through the measurement to check the actual plane position of each part and the elevation of whether it is consistent with the design requirements;
(4), with the progress of construction, some large, high-rise or special building (structure) deformation observation as a means of identifying project quality and verifying the design and construction is not in compliance with design requirements;
(4), as the Construction progress, some large, high-rise or special buildings (structures) deformation observation, as the identification of project quality and verification of engineering design, construction is reasonable basis.
Two, the principle
Construction site has a variety of buildings, structures, and the distribution of a wide range, often built in stages and batches. In order to ensure that the buildings, structures of the plane position and elevation can meet the design accuracy requirements, connected to each other into a unified whole, construction surveying and topographic mapping must follow the same basic principles of surveying and mapping work.
The basic principles of surveying and mapping work is: in the overall layout of the "from the whole to the local"; in the steps of the "first control after the broken step"; in the accuracy of the "from the high-level to low-level". In terms of precision, "from high level to low level". That is, first of all in the construction site to establish a unified plane control network and elevation control network. Then, the control network as the basis for each building, structures measured out of the detailed location.
Additionally, the construction measurement of the check is also very important, if there is an error in the measurement, it will directly cause economic losses. Measurement process should be in accordance with the "step by step check" principle, a variety of measurement data and external measurement results for verification.
Three, the purpose of
is directly for the construction of the project services, it is both the construction of the precursor, but also throughout the construction process. From the site leveling, building (structure) positioning, foundation construction, to wall construction, building (structure) component installation and other processes, all need to carry out construction surveying, in order to make the building (structure) the size of each part of the building, location in line with the design requirements.
Expanded
Construction measurement notes:
1, correctly read the scale of the zero scale, the smallest scale (the smallest division value), the measurement range (range);
2, as close as possible to the scale and the object to be measured, can not be skewed;
3, when reading The line of sight should be perpendicular to the object to be measured and the scale;
4, read out the smallest scale above the numbers;
5, the recorded measurement data, including the exact value, the estimated value, and the unit (no unit of value is meaningless)
For precision measurements, it should be noted that:
6, we should take into account the effect of the measurement of the temperature and humidity on the measurement results, the gauge and the workpiece to be measured should be used for the purpose of the measurement. Gauge and the measured workpiece should be placed in the same ambient temperature as far as possible, 1m below not less than 1.5h, 1 to 3m for 3h, more than 3m should be more than 4h.
7, to reduce the error caused by vision. Generally used multiple measurements for the average method to reduce the error.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Construction Measurement