The greater Houston area (including the six surrounding counties), with an area of 8,778.31 square miles, has a population of about 4.22 million (estimated figures for the end of 1995); the Houston metropolitan area has an area of 596.11 square miles and a population of more than 1,630,000 (1992 U.S. Federal Bureau of Statistics figures). It is predominantly white, black, and of Mexican descent, with the Mexican population growing rapidly in recent years.
The city of Houston has a subtropical climate, with an average year-round temperature of 2O.7°C and an average annual rainfall of l.224 millimeters. Summer is hot and humid, with temperatures above 33℃ for 94 days. The annual sunshine period is 188 days, and there are many hurricanes from July to November every year.
April 2, 1986, Houston and China's Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, as a sister city
15O years ago, the Houston area is the Karen Kawa Indian Tribe's settlement. 1836, real estate developers Allen Brothers purchased 2,69O hectares of land to develop and build the city, and they named the city after the then President of the **** and the State of Texas, Sam Houston. Houston was the capital of Texas from 1837 to 1840, and was incorporated as a state of the United States in 1845. At the beginning of this century, the Houston area found oil, capitalists flocked to Houston, the city's economy quickly developed around the oil industry. 1914, Houston city dug through the 8O kilometers connected to the Gulf of Mexico shipping channel, the establishment of the Port of Houston. 4O years, pharmaceuticals, medical care business is developing faster, the establishment of the later very prestigious medical center. After World War II, the petrochemical industry, oil refining industry along the shipping channel on both sides of the rapid development.
6Os, the United States largest astronautics center - Johnson Aerospace Center was established in the city of Houston. 7Os, the world's soaring oil prices, the city of Houston by virtue of the favorable conditions to become the "world's energy capital". However, due to the 198O U.S. recession, oil prices fell and other reasons, the city of Houston's economy suffered a serious setback, the unemployment rate was once as high as 1O%. Since then, the city of Houston is committed to changing the single oil industry, to diversify the development of its economy in the 8Os have recovered and developed. Into the 9Os, in the rest of the United States in the economic downturn, the city of Houston's economic growth momentum is still unabated, has gradually become one of the United States of America's high-tech centers.
In 1994, the Greater Houston area's gross domestic product was $137.3 billion, with services, manufacturing, retail trade, transportation, and mining accounting for more than 75 percent of the value. Houston ranked 7th in the nation in manufacturing and 11th in retail trade.In 1997, the region provided 1.76 million jobs.
Houston is a major center for big business. Fifteen of the nation's 5OO largest companies are headquartered in Houston (including five of the world's 5OO largest companies). And many of the remaining large companies have their U.S. headquarters in Houston. In addition, three of the 1,OOO fastest-growing companies, according to 1995 Happiness magazine, have Houston as their home base. The rankings are based on sales and profit growth in recent years.
In 1994, Houston's manufacturing sector was valued at $21.875 billion, or 15.9 percent of Greater Houston's gross regional product. Major products include chemicals, gasoline, non-electrical machinery, oilfield equipment, food and metal products.
The city of Houston is the center of the oil and petrochemical industries in the United States. It is a leader in extraction, processing, transportation, market development, service, supply and technology. A pipeline thousands of miles long connects more than 20O chemical plants, refineries, salt processing plants and distilleries along the Texas Gulf Coast. In 1994, 932,000 tons of plastic primary products were exported through the Port of Houston. Twenty-eight of the nation's 1OO largest energy companies are headquartered here, and more than 5,000 other companies are engaged in energy-related businesses. Houston is also an important international financial and trade center, with nearly 40 of the world's largest 50 banks having branches or representative offices here.
The Houston region offers a favorable environment for investment and business. There are 20 large companies in the Fortune 500 list. Its land transportation is very convenient, there are 14 railroad trunk lines radiate outward, is one of the busiest rail freight center in the United States. Highways are well-connected and two major interstate highways intersect here. Houston's three airports make up the fourth largest airport system in the United States. Bush International Airport is one of the busiest airports in the U.S. South, with 24 passenger carriers and 11 cargo carriers operating there, with passenger routes connecting 110 domestic stations and 50 international stations in five states and 22 countries. The Port of Houston is the No. 1 port in the U.S. for import and export trade, and is a major gateway for U.S. foreign trade, with the port ranking No. 1 in the nation for total port throughput.
One of the financial centers. The Greater Houston area is home to 629 commercial banks, 220 credit institutions, 659 mortgage businesses, and 905 securities exchanges.In 2001, the service sector accounted for one-fifth of the region's Gross Domestic Product ($230.4 billion).
The Port of Houston is the largest port in the United States in terms of import and export trade.
Houston is a cosmopolitan city. more than 70 countries have consulates or honorary consulates in the city, and it is second only to New York and Los Angeles in the size of its consular corps.
Houston's labor pool is highly qualified, with one-quarter of adults having more than four years of higher education. There are more than 40 institutions of higher learning in the Houston area***. Rice University, founded in 1912, is a leading private institution in the U.S. In 1996, two professors in the university's Department of Chemistry won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of carbon 60***. The Baker Institute for Public ****policy Research is located at the university.
Houston's cultural life is rich and colorful. It is one of the few cities in the nation to have its own ballet company (the Houston Ballet was founded in 1955 and is one of the top five ballet companies in the nation), opera company (also one of the top five opera companies in the nation), symphony orchestra, and theater (the Ailey Theatre was founded in 1947 and was awarded the Tony Award for Best Local Theatre in 1996), and performs year-round. Houston's theater attendance is the second highest in the nation after New York. The city's museum district attracts millions of visitors each year. In sports, the Houston Rockets (basketball), Astros (baseball), and Texans (football) are nationally recognized. The annual ranchers' rodeo, held in February, has a distinctly Southern American flavor, and the livestock fair held during this time is the largest of its kind in the world.
The Greater Houston area has 54 radio stations and 16 television stations. The Houston Chronicle has been Houston's leading newspaper for 100 years.
The University of Houston (http://www.uh.edu/) is the largest comprehensive institution in the Texas Higher Education System in Texas and is a research university. Located in downtown Houston, the University of Houston has a 75-year history of being one of the best universities in Texas in terms of teaching and research. The university is known throughout the United States for its research diversity. The campus covers 548 acres and has approximately 35,000 students. 12 academic colleges covering 278 disciplines. The university has an excellent undergraduate education with an average undergraduate SAT score of 1281, a strong emphasis on independent research at the graduate level, more than 40 research centers, and many internships with more than 300 governmental and private sector firms in areas such as superconducting biomedical engineering, economics, education, petroleum exploration, and virtual technology. The program has been very successful.
Specializations: Finance, Law, Engineering Technology, Management, Environment, Architecture, Education, Science, Tourism, Agriculture and Forestry, Humanities and Arts, Social Sciences, Biology, Physical Education, Journalism and Communication, Information Sciences, Medicine, Languages, Natural Sciences.
Geography
The University of Houston (UH) is located in Houston, Texas, in the southern United States. The University of Houston is in the southeastern part of Texas, Texas, just minutes from downtown Houston. Houston is the fourth largest city in the United States, with a population of about four million people. The world-famous U.S. Space Center and the world's largest medical center are located in the southern part of the city. Houston is also the petrochemical center of the United States and is known as the "Energy Capital of the World". The Port of Houston is the third largest port in the United States (the world's sixth largest), the port's foreign trade throughput is the first in the United States. High-tech and biotech companies, led by Compaq, are also thriving, and in 2001, 22 Houston companies were listed in the Fortune 500 by Fortune Magazine. The city is located on the open coastal plain, with many rivers and lakes, and an average elevation of only 15 meters above sea level. The climate is warm and humid.
Houston, the fourth-largest city in the United States, is located in southeastern Texas, in the upper part of the Gulf of Mexico Plain, 80 kilometers from the Gulf of Mexico, at an elevation of 49 feet (14.94 m).
The greater Houston area (including the six surrounding counties), with an area of 8,778.31 square miles, has a population of about 4.22 million (estimated figures at the end of 1995); the Houston metropolitan area covers 596.11 square miles and has a population of more than 1.63 million (1992 U.S. Federal Bureau of Statistics figures). It is predominantly white, black, and of Mexican descent, with the Mexican population growing rapidly in recent years.
The city of Houston has a subtropical climate, with an average year-round temperature of 2O.7°C and an average annual rainfall of l.224 millimeters. Summer is hot and humid, with temperatures above 33℃ for 94 days. Annual sunshine period of 188 days, more hurricanes from July to November each year.
On April 2, 1986, Houston and Shenzhen City in Guangdong Province, China, became sister cities.
[edit]History of the city
More than 15O years ago, the Houston area was inhabited by the Karen Kawa Indian Tribe. 1836, real estate developers Allen Brothers purchased 2,69O hectares of land to develop and build the city, and they named the city after the then President of the State of Texas **** and the President of the State of Texas, Sam Houston, and the city thus got its name. 1837 ~ 184O years, the City of Houston is located in the heart of the city, and it is the only place in the world that the city is located. Houston was the capital of the State of Texas from 1837 to 1840, and in 1845 Texas was incorporated as a state of the United States. At the beginning of this century, the discovery of oil in the Houston area, capitalists flocked to Houston, the city's economy rapidly developed around the oil industry. 1914, Houston City, dug through the 8O kilometers connected to the Gulf of Mexico shipping channel, the establishment of the Port of Houston. 4O years, pharmaceuticals, medical care business is developing faster, and the establishment of a later very prestigious medical center. After World War II, the petrochemical industry, oil refining industry along the shipping channel on both sides of the rapid development.
In the early 1960s, the largest U.S. astronautics center - Johnson Aerospace Center was established in the city of Houston. 7O's world oil prices soared, the city of Houston by virtue of the favorable conditions to become the "world's energy capital". However, due to the 198O U.S. recession, oil prices fell and other reasons, the city of Houston's economy suffered a serious setback, the unemployment rate was once as high as 1O%. Since then, the city of Houston is committed to changing the single oil industry, to diversify the development of its economy in the 8Os have recovered and developed. Into the 9Os, in the rest of the United States in the economic downturn, the city of Houston's economic growth momentum is still unabated, has gradually become one of the United States high-tech centers.
In 1994, the Greater Houston region's gross domestic product was $137.3 billion, with services, manufacturing, retail, transportation, and mining accounting for more than 75 percent of the value. Houston ranked 7th in the nation in manufacturing and 11th in retail trade.In 1997, the region provided 1.76 million jobs.
Houston is a major center for big business. Fifteen of the nation's 5OO largest companies are headquartered in Houston (including five of the world's 5OO largest companies). And many of the remaining large companies have their U.S. headquarters in Houston. In addition, three of the 1,OOO fastest-growing companies, according to 1995 Happiness magazine, have Houston as their home base. These rankings are based on sales and profit growth in recent years.
In 1994, Houston's manufacturing sector was valued at $21.875 billion, or 15.9 percent of Greater Houston's gross regional product. Major products include chemicals, gasoline, non-electrical machinery, oilfield equipment, food and metal products.
The city of Houston is the center of the oil and petrochemical industries in the United States. It is a leader in extraction, processing, transportation, market development, service, supply and technology. A pipeline thousands of miles long along the Texas Gulf Coast to more than 20O chemical plants, refineries, salt processing plants and distilleries connected. In 1994, 932,000 tons of plastic primary products were exported through the Port of Houston. Twenty-eight of the nation's 1OO largest energy companies are headquartered here, and more than 5,000 other companies are engaged in energy-related businesses. Houston is also an important international financial and trade center, with nearly 40 of the world's largest 50 banks having branches or representative offices here.
[edit]Research and Education
Houston has a strong, well-developed and excellent education system. The Texas Medical Center, Johnson Space Center, and major universities have made Houston a world-renowned metropolis. Houston is known for its biological, medical, marine and space research. The city's Texas Medical Center, founded in 1943, is a 60O-acre facility comprising 41 non-profit institutions and is one of the largest and most prestigious medical centers in the United States and the world. The center is best known for cancer and heart research. The Medical Center has an annual budget of $40 billion*** and a diverse staff of 51,000. As a medical research and teaching institution, it enrolled more than 18,000 students in 1994, and 54,000 medical professionals have completed short courses and retraining programs here. More than 12,000 voluntary workers are involved in the work of the Center. About 42OO,000 patients have been seen here each year, 15,0OO of whom were foreigners.
The development of biotechnology in Houston has only begun in the last few years. Now, this technology not only puts the city of Houston at the forefront of industrial development, but also adds to the diversity of the city's economy. Biotechnology covers a wide range of fields, including medical, agricultural, chemical, environmental protection, and consumer products. There are three keys to the development of biotechnology in Houston; the Texas Medical Center, the universities and medical schools that conduct research, and the development producers that are involved in full commercialization. Houston's prominence in biotechnology has attracted 59 Texas-registered biotechnology companies (***131) to locate here.The 1993 and 1994 International Conferences on Biological Sciences were held in the city of Houston.
Houston is also a center for marine science research. Half of the more than 7O U.S. marine research organizations are headquartered here, and the other half have offices here. At least 1,5OO Houston companies are active in this field.
Johnson Space Center was established in 1962 with an investment of more than $1.2 billion. It is located 25 miles outside of downtown Houston on a 1,620-hectare site. As the largest research and development agency of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, or NASA, it had a fiscal 1994 budget of $2.3 billion.In 1995, JSC employed nearly 3,300 staff members, 64 percent of whom were engaged in scientific or engineering research.
[edit]Culture and Recreation
Houston is one of the few cities in the United States that can boast local companies performing the four major arts of theater, ballet, opera, and symphony. Houston's colorful performing arts community receives strong support from the public as well as professional groups. These groups include the Houston Commission on Culture and the Arts, the Foundation for the Arts, and the Houston Municipal Arts Commission, among others. Houston also offers a number of performance venues for cultural events, including the Wortham Theater, the Jesse (Jones) Hall, the Alley Theater, and the Concert Hall, which has a capacity of 3,036.
[edit]Geography and population
The city of Houston, the capital of Harris County, is the largest city in the state of Texas and the fourth largest in the nation. The city is located in the upper Mexican plains of southeast Texas, 80.45 kilometers from the Gulf of Mexico, at an elevation of 14.93 meters above sea level. The city has a total area of 1,598 square kilometers and a population of about 1.95 million. In recent years, the Hispanic population of the city of Houston has grown rapidly, and the total now exceeds that of whites, accounting for 37% of the total population of the city of Houston, with the proportion of whites at 31%, blacks at 25%, and Asians at about 5%. There are 29 cities of all sizes*** within Harris County. The Greater Houston area includes eight counties, including Harris, Chambers and Galveston, with a total area of 22,733.7 square kilometers and a population of approximately 4.67 million.
More than 150 years ago, the Houston area was inhabited by the Karen Kawa Indian Tribe, and in 1836, real estate developers Allen Brothers purchased 26.9 square kilometers of land to develop and build the city. In the same year, General Sam Houston led the Texas army to defeat the Mexicans and win the Battle of San Jacinto, which decided the independence of Texas. The Allen Brothers named the new city after Houston, which was the capital of the State of Texas*** from 1837 to 1840.
Demographics
According to the 2000 census, Houston had a population of 1,953,631 in 717,945 households and 457,330 families. The population density was 1,301.8 persons per square kilometer. The average density of dwelling units was 521.1 units per square kilometer,*** with 780,000 2009 units. The racial distribution was 49.27% White, 25.31% Black, 0.44% Indian, 5.31% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 16.46% Other, and 3.15% Mixed of Two or More.
Of the 717,945 households, 33.1% had children under the age of 18, 43.2% were couples living together, 15.3% were female heads of household with no male spouse, and the remainder lived alone. The average household size was 2.67 persons and the average family size was 3.39 persons.
The city's population is 27.5% under the age of 18, 11.2% between the ages of 18-24, 33.8% between the ages of 25-44, 19.1% between the ages of 45-64, and 8.4% over the age of 65. The average age is 31 years. The male to female ratio was 99.7 males per 100 females and 97.8 males per 100 females over the age of 18.
The average household income was $36,616 and the average family income was $40,443. The average income was $32,084 for men and $27,371 for women. The city's per capita income was $20,101.19.2 percent of the population with 16.0 percent of households were below the poverty line.26.1 percent of the population under the age of 18 and 14.3 percent of the population over the age of 65 lived below the poverty line.
[edit]Economy
At the turn of the century, when oil was discovered in the Houston area, capitalists flocked to the city, and Houston's economy grew rapidly around the oil industry.In 1914, the city dug a 40.22-kilometer shipping channel directly to the Gulf of Mexico, and the Port of Houston was established.In the 1940s, the pharmaceutical and medical industries developed rapidly, and what would become the renowned Texas Medical Center was established. Texas Medical Center. After World War II, the petrochemical industry and oil refining industry developed rapidly along the two sides of the shipping channel. 60's, the United States largest astronautics center Johnson Space Center was established in the city of Houston. 70's, the world's soaring oil prices, the rapid development of the petroleum industry in the city of Houston, so that the city has been awarded the title of "the world's energy capital. 80's, the recession in the United States, the price of oil, oil prices are very high, so that it has been awarded the title of "the world energy capital. Due to the U.S. recession, falling oil prices and other reasons, Hugh City, the economy suffered a serious setback, the unemployment rate was once as high as 10%; since then, Hugh City, committed to changing the economic pattern of a single petroleum industry, to the diversification of the development of the economy, the economy has improved greatly, and gradually become one of the U.S. high-tech centers. At the beginning of the 21st century, the events of September 11th and the successive financial management problems of large companies had a negative impact on the Houston economy.
Houston is the center of the energy and petrochemical industries in the United States. The region is home to more than 5,000 energy-related companies. Forty-five of the top 200 publicly traded oil and gas companies in the nation are headquartered here. Currently, the Texas Gulf Coast region can refine 3.3 million barrels of crude oil per day, accounting for 21.1% of the United States and 85.1% of all Texas. The region has 45 percent of the nation's primary petrochemical production capacity. Forty-eight percent of the nation's ethylene and 66 percent of the nation's epoxy resins are produced in this region. Houston's annual petrochemical exports approach $2.8 billion.
Houston is the world famous Space City. Located 40.23 kilometers southeast of downtown Johnson Space Center was built in 1961, covers an area of 6.56 square kilometers, employees 19,000 people (including nearly 100 astronauts), is one of the NASA jurisdiction of the nine astronautical centers, is responsible for the design and manufacture of spacecraft, selection and training of astronauts, planning and command of manned spaceflight, space science experiments and other tasks. On July 20, 1969, the center successfully commanded the first human trip to the moon. Today, the Center's control room is the ground control center for the ISS, coordinating the operations and safety of the entire station.
The Texas Medical Center in Houston is one of the largest medical centers in the United States and the world. The center covers an area of 2.84 square kilometers and consists of 42 medical facilities*** with 6,041 beds. 5.4 million patient visits were made to the center in 2000, with 19,307 international patients coming from outside the country to seek care. The center is best known for its cancer and heart research. Since 1995, the center*** has received $2.2 billion in federal research grants.
[edit]Investment climate
The Houston area has a favorable environment for investment and business. There are 20 major companies on the Fortune 500 list. Its land transportation is very convenient, there are 14 railroad trunk lines radiate outward, is one of the busiest rail freight center in the United States. Highways are well-connected and two major interstate highways intersect here. Houston's three airports make up the fourth largest airport system in the United States. Bush International Airport is one of the busiest airports in the U.S. South, with 24 passenger carriers and 11 cargo carriers operating there, with passenger routes connecting 110 domestic stations and 50 international stations in five states and 22 countries. The Port of Houston is the No. 1 port for U.S. import and export trade, and is an important gateway for U.S. foreign trade, with the port ranking No. 1 in the nation in total throughput.
One of the financial centers. The Greater Houston area is home to 629 commercial banks, 220 credit bureaus, 659 mortgage lenders, and 905 securities exchanges. in 2001, the service sector accounted for one-fifth of the region's Gross Domestic Product ($230.4 billion).
Houston is a cosmopolitan city. more than 70 countries have consulates or honorary consulates in the city, and it is second only to New York and Los Angeles in the size of its consular corps.
Houston's labor pool is highly qualified, with one-quarter of adults having more than four years of post-secondary education. There are more than 40 institutions of higher learning in the Houston area***. Rice University, founded in 1912, is a leading private institution in the U.S. In 1996, two professors in the university's Department of Chemistry won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of carbon 60***. The Baker Institute for Public ****policy is located at the university.
Houston's cultural life is rich and colorful. It is one of the few cities in the country that has its own ballet company (Huba was founded in 1955 and is one of the top five ballet companies in the country), opera company (also one of the top five opera companies in the country), symphony orchestra, and theater (Ailey Theatre was founded in 1947 and was awarded the Tony Award for Best Local Theatre in 1996), and performs year-round. Houston's theater attendance is the second highest in the nation after New York. The city's museum district attracts millions of visitors each year. In sports, the Houston Rockets (basketball), Astros (baseball), and Texans (football) are nationally recognized. The annual ranchers' rodeo in February has a distinctly Southern American flavor, and the livestock fairs held during this time are among the largest of their kind in the world.
There are 54 radio stations and 16 television stations in the greater Houston area. The Houston Chronicle has been Houston's leading newspaper for 100 years.
[edit]Space City Houston
The well-known, large-scale U.S. Johnson Space Center is located in Houston, Texas, 35 kilometers southeast of Creel Lake, built in 1962, covers an area of 656 hectares. As a result of this center, known as the "world's oil capital," said Houston, and gained the "space city" reputation.
[edit]Space Science and Technology Center
The Space Center is the U.S. manned space shuttle research and development base and manned space flight base and operations, control center, but also under the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's largest space research centers, but also to participate in the International Space Station program is one of the major space centers. The center, named after the late President Lyndon Johnson, opened in 1961. It consists of four parts: the Research Center, the Command Center, the Aerospace Training Center, and a large exhibition hall, and has a staff of more than 15,000, of which 70% are engineers and scientists.
The Chris Craft Flight Control Service is the heart of the center. The center is equipped with simulation training hall, space environment simulation experiment hall, spacecraft orbit operation training hall, lunar sample hall and control center hall. In addition, the center has two sets of "space laboratory" training equipment, responsible for human spaceflight, design of spacecraft and training of astronauts, and directly responsible for the command of space activities at the Kennedy launch site in Florida. Johnson Space Center for the United States space industry has made important contributions. 1969, the United States "Apollo - 17" spacecraft is from here to the sky for the first time on the moon. The "Space Lab" and the "Columbia" space shuttle have traveled in space under the remote control of engineers here. By October 2002, the center has commanded 15 flights to the International Space Station and 46 spacewalks.