On-site trauma first aid techniques include artificial respiration, cardiac resuscitation, hemostasis, wound dressing, temporary fixation of fracture and treatment of the wounded.
First-aid technology is a kind of first-aid measure for critically ill patients, which can be used by bystanders and requires little or no medical equipment. Some are medical common sense, which needs to be mastered by everyone.
For example, people with cerebral hemorrhage should reduce handling; In order to prevent aspiration (entering trachea), turn your head sideways when vomiting; Broken limbs need to be replanted in cold storage and so on. First aid techniques include trauma first aid, non-traumatic disease first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
1 hour after injury is the key to life and death. Evaluation refers to the separation of the wounded who are in danger of life and those who are not in danger of life in a short period of time, and the focus of rescue is on the principle of light before heavy, first rescue before diagnosis. It requires personnel to have unique emergency awareness and keen thinking, and the evaluation and classification should be fast and accurate.
Early assessment and ventilation are the first priority, and then we must judge the patient's respiratory nature, circulatory perfusion and bleeding control, and then judge the possible limb injury. Whether the patient has shortness of breath, wheezing, exertion and respiratory depression; Evaluate the color of skin, oral mucosa and nail bed to determine whether there is enough oxygenation, and check whether there is vomit, blood or foreign body obstruction in the mouth and throat.
In order to avoid heatstroke, in high temperature weather, we should focus on protecting the elderly, the weak and other key people, create a comfortable small environment, ventilate indoors, try to reduce the room temperature to 26~28℃, and keep the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor within 8℃. Maintain emotional stability, pay attention to the deployment of diet, diet should be light, drink plenty of water.
Improve the understanding of threatened heatstroke. Once dizziness, headache, thirst, sweating, general fatigue, palpitation and other symptoms appear, you should immediately leave the heatstroke environment and take timely measures to cool down.