Since the United States in the late 50's to get out of the world a CNC lathe, machine tool manufacturing has entered the CNC era. The United States, Germany and Japan are the world today in the research, design, manufacture and use of CNC machine tools, the most advanced technology, the most experienced countries. Because of their social conditions are different, each has its own characteristics.
1. The United States of America's CNC development history
The U.S. government attaches importance to the machine tool industry, the U.S. Department of Defense and other departments because of its military needs and constantly put forward the direction of the development of machine tools, scientific research tasks, and to provide adequate funding, and the network of the world's talented people, pay special attention to "efficiency" and "Innovation", focusing on basic scientific research.
Therefore, continuous innovation in machine tool technology, such as the development of the world's first CNC machine tools in 1952, 1958 created a machining center, the early 70's developed into the FMS, 1987, the first open CNC system, etc..
In the last century, the government in the 80's once relaxed the guidance, resulting in a slow increase in the production of CNC machine tools in 1982 by the backward Japan more than, and a large number of imports. From the 90's onwards, to correct the past bias, CNC machine tool technology to practical, production and gradually rise.
2. Germany's CNC development history
The German government has always attached importance to the strategic importance of the machine tool industry, in various aspects of strong support.
The German government has always attached great importance to the strategic importance of the machine tool industry and supported it vigorously in various aspects. After the development of the first CNC machine tool in 1956, Germany has paid special attention to the scientific experimentation, the combination of theory and practice, and has attached equal importance to the basic scientific research and the application of technology.
Germany attaches special importance to the host of CNC machine tools and ancillary parts of the advanced and practical, its mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, gas, light, tools, measurement, CNC systems, a variety of functional components, in terms of quality, performance in the world's forefront. Such as Siemens CNC system, are world-renowned, competing for adoption.
3. Japan's CNC development history
The Japanese government attaches great importance to the development of the machine tool industry, through planning, regulations (such as the "machine vibration law", "electromechanical law", "machine letter law", etc.) to guide the development of the machine tool industry. "etc.) to guide the development. In the emphasis on human resources and machine tool components supporting the study of Germany, in the quality management and CNC machine tool technology to learn from the United States, and even more than blue and better than blue.
Since the development of the first CNC machine tools in 1958, 1978 production (7,342 units) than the United States (5,688 units), so far, production, exports have been the world's first (in 2001, production of 46,604 units, exports of 27,409 units, accounting for 59%).
4. China's current situation
China's development of CNC technology began in the 1950s, through the "Sixth Five-Year Plan" during the introduction of CNC technology, "Seventh Five-Year Plan" during the organization of digestion and absorption of "scientific and technological research". Science and technology research", China's CNC technology and CNC industry has made considerable achievements.
Especially in recent years, China's rapid development of the CNC industry, 1998 to 2004 domestic CNC machine tool production and consumption of an average annual growth rate of 39.3% and 34.9%. Nevertheless, the development momentum of imported machine tools is still strong, starting in 2002, China has become the world's largest consumer of machine tools for three consecutive years, the largest importer of machine tools.
Expanded Information:
Numerically controlled machine tools are designed to automatically process the parts being machined according to pre-programmed machining programs. The machined parts are processed automatically. We put the machining process route of the part, process parameters, tool trajectory, displacement, cutting parameters and auxiliary functions.
In accordance with the instruction code and program format specified by the CNC machine tool is written into a machining program list, and then the contents of this program list is recorded on the control media, and then input to the CNC machine tool's numerical control device, so as to command the machine tool to process the parts.
Numerically controlled machine tool is the abbreviation of digital control machine tool, is a kind of automated machine tool equipped with program control system. The control system is capable of logically processing a program with a control code or other symbolic instruction specification and decoding it to cause the machine tool to move and process parts.
CNC machine tools have the following characteristics compared to ordinary machine tools:
1 High machining accuracy and stable machining quality;
2 Multi-coordinate linkage can be carried out, and parts with complex shapes can be processed;
3 When the machined parts are changed, it is generally only necessary to change the CNC program, which saves the time for preparation of the production;
4 The machine itself has high precision and high rigidity, which makes it more efficient and more reliable. The high precision of the machine itself, rigidity, you can choose a favorable amount of processing, high productivity (generally 3 to 5 times the ordinary machine tools);
5 machine tool automation is high, you can reduce the intensity of labor;
6 the quality of the operator requires a high quality of the technical requirements of the maintenance staff is more demanding.
CNC lathes can be equipped with two kinds of tool holders:
①Specialized tool holders: developed by the lathe manufacturer itself, the toolholders used are also specialized. The advantage of this kind of tool holder is low manufacturing cost, but lack of universality.
②Universal tool holder: according to certain common standards (such as VDI, the German Ingenieur Association) and the production of tool holders, CNC lathe manufacturers can choose the configuration according to the functional requirements of CNC lathes.
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