Tags: analyze Gaoke Education Language Language Topics Sick Sentence Miscellany Classification: Sick Sentence Analysis
Example Analysis of Sick Sentence Modification Topics in Gaoke Language
A sick sentence is a sentence that does not conform to the norms of language. Identifying sick sentences is to test the identification and analysis of sick sentences, and only with this ability is it possible to modify them. "The correct use of words" has been covered; the six types of sick sentences listed in the "Examination Instructions" are roughly as follows:
1 improper order
(1) noun modifier
The correct order of multiple determiners and centers of speech is generally: ① table of collateral attributes, or the time and place; ② phrases of reference or quantity; ② phrases of meaning or number; ③ phrases of meaning or number; ④ phrases of meaning or number; ⑥ phrases of meaning or number; ⑥ phrases of meaning or number. accusative or quantitative phrases; ③ verbs or verb phrases; ④ adjectives or adjective phrases ⑤ nouns or noun phrases.
Additionally, a determiner with "的" is placed before a determiner without "的".
For example:
An excellent female basketball coach of a national team with more than 20 years of teaching experience.
Correct order: a (number of) excellent (adjective) basketball (noun) female coach of the national team with more than 20 years of teaching experience (verb phrase).
The following are examples of multiple determiners in the wrong order:
① Many women, old people and children from the neighborhood came to see them. （
2) In the construction of new China, they have exerted their infinite hidden power. （
② In the cause of building a new China, they have exerted their infinite power. (The word "various" should be close to the center word.)
The following is an example of the power of the past.
The following are examples of the misplacement of a definite article:
① It was late at night, and I couldn't sleep when I remembered the series of events that had happened today. ("A series of" should modify "things")
② This tube should be replaced or not, in the leadership and the masses in the widely discussed. ("extensive" should modify "discussion", "ground" to "of")
The following is an example of the reversal of the position of the definite article and the central phrase.
The following are examples of the reversal of the position of the definite article and the center of the article:
China's production of petroleum basically supplies the country. （
(2) Verb Modifiers
The order of the dative case is more complicated, and special attention should be paid to the following:
1) time and then place; 2) prepositional structure and then The order of gerunds is more complicated, and special attention should be paid to the following:
① time and then place; ② prepositional structure first, then modal verbs and adjectives; ③ prepositional structure of the object is usually close to the center; ④ do not get the wrong object.
Look at the following examples:
① There was a bloody battle in the last century in this marvelous land. ("last century" should be put before "this amazing land")
② We are no longer a country to be bullied by the great powers at will. ("by the great powers" should be placed before "arbitrary")
③Scientists are eager to study orchids before the most exotic specimens of tropical species disappear completely. ("on orchids" should be put before "to carry out")
④Fifteen continents in the United States have banned blacks from enjoying equal status with whites in recreational areas. ("Equal to" should qualify "equal to")
5There was a wide-ranging exchange of views on the wage issue. ("extensive" should qualify "exchange")
6 Half an hour after the exam started, people were handing in their papers one after another. ("One after another" should modify "there")
(3) Position of Related Words
Generally speaking, when two clauses have the same subject, the related words come after the subject; when they have different subjects, the related words come before the subject.
The following sentences are examples of misplaced words:
①If he fails to be truthful, his career will be lost. ("He" should be moved to the end of "if")
②If there is something wrong with the ideas in a piece of writing, then the writing, even if it is good, is not good enough. ("Even if" should be moved to "text" before. According to the original sentence becomes only the words should not be, not the work should not be.)
2Inappropriate collocation?
Inappropriate collocation is a common speech disorder, is the focus of the college entrance examination test, almost every year the college entrance examination has such speech disorder questions.
(1) The subject-verb collocation is improper
For example:
①China's production of cotton could not be self-sufficient in the past. (It is "cotton", not "production", that is not self-sufficient.)
②The liberation of the Chinese people brought about a fundamental change in ethnic relations. (The liberation of the Chinese people did not "bring about changes"; it was "ethnic relations" that changed. (The correct expression should be a concurrent sentence, changing "in" to "make".)
③I feel that this reply, and the investigation and handling of these questions, is an irresponsible attitude. (The word "is" should be changed to "shows.")
(2) Improper matching of verb and object
For example:
①To commemorate the arrival of the 8th of March. ("Commemorate" can only be "March 8", not "arrival".)
②Before liberation, the money earned by Dad and his brother was not enough to support the family. (The word "support" can only mean "people", not "life".)
4 But there are also several shortcomings that we need to work on. (What we can "work on" is not "shortcomings" but "corrections".)
(3) Inappropriate combination of modifier and center
For example:
A wide range of views were exchanged on the issue of wages at the conference. (Instead of a wide range of opinions, there was a wide range of exchanges, which should be changed to "there was a wide exchange of opinions".)
*These types of mismatches often intersect with mispronunciations.
(4) One Side and Two Sides
For example:
1) Doing a good job in production and disaster relief depends on the depth of the cadres' style. ("Doing a good job" is one-sided, and "whether the style of work is thorough" is two-sided. In addition, "whether the style is deep" does not make sense, it should be "whether the cadres are deep into the masses". There are two ways to change this sentence: to change the first clause into a two-sided "Whether the production and relief work is done well or not depends on whether the cadres go deep into the masses". Or change the second clause into a one-sided one, but restructure the sentence to read "The depth of the cadres' penetration into the masses is the decisive condition for a good job in disaster relief.")
②Artists were always looked down upon in the past, but now they are eagerly favored by the people, and in between the stares and the favors, they are experiencing the warmth of the world. ("Eye" and "favor" refer to opposite sides, but "warmth" in the bottom part applies to only one side).
(5) Negative and affirmative do not go well together
For example:
1) I don't think there's any need to narrate this, there's no one who can't imagine it. ("There is no one who can't imagine it" is the same as "no one can imagine it", which is presumed to mean "no one can imagine it").
②We don't deny that the poem doesn't reveal hope, but we do say that hope is very slim. ("Not completely denying" is the same as "partially admitting", which is basically admitting. Therefore, the sentence "We recognize that the poem does not reveal hope" is exactly the opposite of what the author intended. There are two ways to change it: "We also recognize that the poem also reveals some hope ......" or "We don't deny that the poem also reveals some hope ...... "
3) In addition to the ticket issued, members' family members must have a family member's badge, and they cannot be admitted without one or the other. ("You can't get in without one of the two" literally means "you can get in with one of the two"). It is not consistent with the original meaning. It should be said that "you can't get in without one of the two").
3 Component mutilation or redundancy
Component mutilation
(1) Lack of subject
For example:
1) As a result of his good grades, he was praised by his teachers and classmates. (What is the subject of "got"?). Change it to "Because of such good grades, he got ......")
②On October 14th, with the idea of learning from the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, our blackboard newspaper was also created. (The subject of "with the idea" is obviously "we", but the subject of the latter sentence is "the blackboard newspaper", not "we". "The latter sentence should be changed to "We also organized a blackboard newspaper.")
(2) Lack of predicate
For example:
1) It is obvious to what extent the attitude of concern and responsibility for the working class is weak. ("to" here can not do the main components of the predicate, can only be "weak" up, but "attitude" can not be weak, the sentence should be changed to "...... care and responsibility weak to what extent?")
②Recently launched a comprehensive quality inspection campaign to establish and strengthen the technical management system and a series of work in this campaign. (Which verb is the object of "a series of efforts"? Maybe "establish and strengthen"? It doesn't make sense to say "establish and strengthen the work" because there is a predicate "accomplish" before "establish".)
(4) Missing object
For example:
1) Although I am very busy at work every day, I still try to catch up on my studies with my classmates or read books by myself. (What is the word "time"? The word "time" cannot be omitted.)
②We must do everything we can to mechanize and collectivize our agriculture. ("on" requires a noun as its object, "mechanization", "collectivization" are verbs, the sentence should be "on the road"). ...... the road")
Remarks
(1) Stacking up
For example:
①Take into account the needs of China's political and cultural environment to develop our publishing industry. ("Environment" should be deleted.)
②The fishermen themselves have now elected an administrative group leader who is responsible for mastering the management of the fishermen's life and production. ("Master" should be deleted.)
(2) Repetition
For example:
①Over the past year, the women's work has laid a considerable working foundation and gained a certain amount of working experience. (The second and third "work" should be deleted.)
②In fact, this is an over-anxious idea. (The word "虑" means to think, and "的想法" should be deleted.)
(3) dispensable
For example:
①Without realizing it, we have traveled a distance of about ten miles ("的距离 "应删除)
②It has been nine years since my father died. (The words "from now" should be deleted.)
(4) The word "的" should be deleted
For example:
①Surprisingly, in March of this year, prices fell and then slowly stabilized. (With the addition of "的", the sentence is transformed into a phrase, and the meaning changes, not so much in terms of price stabilization as in terms of "decline".)
②Almost all the paintings of the time suffered destruction because of the turmoil of the past generations and the humidity of the climate. ("generations" and "turmoil" in the middle can also add "of" but did not add, for the sake of sentence neatness, "climate" and "climate" and "humidity" do not need to add "the" in the middle.)
4 Structural confusion
This is a large class of sentences, which cannot be categorized by "subject", "object", and so on. The most common is the entanglement of two structures within a sentence, of which there are the following types:
(1) Uncertainty
The writer sometimes uses this structure, sometimes that structure, and as a result, both structures are used.
For example:
①People who had been bound by the idea of planned economy for many years also came to their senses. (It should have been used in both "the ...... bondage of ......" and "the ...... bondage of ......"). under the bondage of ......" in one of the two formats.)
②Behind this generous and sad feat, there is still a lack of self-confidence. (You should choose one of the two formats "...... behind or not enough self-confidence" and "...... feat or not enough self-confidence performance " choose one of them.)
(2) Rooting
The structure of a sentence is already complete, but use his last part as the beginning of another sentence.
For example:
①It is the people's responsibility to give advice to the government. (The words "We advise the government" and "It is the people's responsibility to advise the government" are put together, and the word "we" should be deleted.)
②You know how many people have to work hard to publish a translation before it reaches the readers. (This is a combination of "efforts to publish ......" and "a translation of ...... to meet the readers". It's a combination of "efforts to publish" and "a translation of to be published", so either phrase is fine.)
(3) Change of pace
Halfway through a sentence, you suddenly start a new one.
For example:
①Du Chongyuan's article "Gossiping about the Emperor", which he considered an offense to the Emperor of Japan and put him in jail, is an example. (It should be changed to "Because Du Chongyuan wrote ...... an article, he was considered ...... offensive.") The original sentence makes people who don't know the whole story mistakenly think that Du Chongyuan sent someone to prison, which is very inappropriate.)
②Since the Chinese people accepted Marxist-Leninist ideas, the Chinese revolution has greatly changed under the leadership of Comrade Mao Zedong. ("What happened to the Chinese people ...... after they embraced Marxist-Leninist ideas"? The author doesn't go on to say that, but starts another sentence with "the Chinese revolution". It should read "since the Chinese people ......".)
(4) Reversing the subject
It means to use a constituent other than the subject of the first half of the sentence as the subject of the second half of the sentence, thus entangling it.
For example:
①Thus, when the bandits sneaked up on the guerrillas, they were counter-encircled by the guerrillas and wiped out countless bandits. The last clause should be "wiped out a large part of" or "countless"; so that "wiped out" is followed by "wiped out by the guerrillas". (This way, "annihilated" is followed by "by the guerrillas", which makes it more coherent.)
②The conspiracy of the counter-revolutionaries should be exposed, and it can be exposed. (In the first half of the sentence, who "to expose", of course, "we", but the word is hidden, the formal subject should be exposed "counter-revolutionary conspiracy activities". However, in the second half of the sentence, the subject of "those who are able to expose it" cannot be changed to "the counter-revolutionaries' conspiracy", but only to "we". (In this sentence, the word "we" should be added before the words "is should be".)
(5) Structural ambiguity
Sentences like this can be viewed in two ways.
For example:
The real-life approach to creative writing has been advocated in recent years and has produced many works written about real people. (The word "produced" in the sentence can be regarded as a non-subjective clause, or "creative method" can be taken as the subject, and the author may mean the first one, so the first half of the sentence should be changed to read "In recent years, the creative method of writing true stories has been advocated. ").
5 Uncertainty
(1) Uncertainty of reference
For example:
Some people advocate acceptance, others oppose it, and he agrees with it. （
(2) Ambiguous
For example:
1) He invited several battalion cadres to the symposium. ("Several" modifies "battalion" or "cadres"?)
②During our vacation, we gained weight day by day, up to five kilograms. (It's possible to misunderstand that the daily increase was up to five kilograms, which is certainly not the case, and should be changed from "day by day" to "all of them.")
③The whole canal has been surveyed for 144 miles. (It doesn't say how long the whole canal is. If the whole canal is 144 miles long, then 144 miles is only a part of the whole canal, so we can't say "finished", we should say "the whole canal has been surveyed for 144 miles".)
④ An authoritative work on the Philippines. (It may be interpreted as "an introduction to--an authoritative work on the Philippines" or as "an introduction to--an authoritative work on the Philippines". If the author meant the latter, it would have been better to refer to "an".)
6 Illogical
The word "illogical" here means that the meaning of the sentence does not make sense. For example, "There is a difference between attitude and method of learning". This sentence is formally the same as "there are animals, plants and microorganisms", but "animals, plants and microorganisms" add up to "biology", and "attitude" and "method" are the same. But "animals, plants and microorganisms" do not add up to "biology", whereas "attitude" and "method" do not add up to "learning", so this sentence is "illogical".
The following are some of the types of logical problems:
(1) Self-contradiction
For example:
1) He was one of the many who were spared. (Since he was "spared", naturally he didn't die, so how can he be said to be "one of the dead"? It should read: "He was one of the many who died, but he was spared.")
②This strengthened the Chinese people's immense power to fight the invaders. （
The Chinese people's struggle against the invaders has been strengthened by their unparalleled strength, which has already been strengthened by their unparalleled strength. The word "unparalleled" should be deleted.)
(2) The scope is unclear
For example:
1) From the point of view of the development of the cause, there is still a lack of scientific experts and talents. (The various talents include scientists, and it is not appropriate to juxtapose them, it should be said that "experts in various disciplines and other talents.")
②They are desperately trying to climb up the ladder, but they can't help but fall into the abyss. ("One side ...... one side ......" indicates that two things are going on at the same time, the two things in the sentence are obviously not at the same time, it should be changed to "although they desperately to climb upward, but finally they could not help falling into the abyss.")
(3) Imposing Cause and Effect
For example:
①My friend recently came back from a trip to the south, and as a result, his thinking has remained the same. (It can be said that a change in thinking after a trip to the South is the result of a trip to the South, but how can it be said that a trip to the South is the result of a trip to the South when "his thinking remains the same"?)
②Because he came from the north, his thoughts are still fundamentally the same. (Why is the idea of being from the "north" old? And what is "the north" in relation to?)
(4) Reversal of subject and object
For example:
①At that time, the newspaper had very little contact with me. (It should be "my contact with newspapers.")
②The mood of study last year was very different from that of this year. (When we compare two things, usually the latter is always the main one, it should be "This year's academic performance and last year's ......".)
Reference