1. Physics is the basic subject of natural science major in the training of talents in colleges and universities. Choose physics, and the college entrance examination has a large space for volunteering.
2. Choosing physics is beneficial to the cultivation of college students majoring in related fields. It is conducive to the diversified growth and development of students, increasing students' choice and promoting the integration of arts and sciences.
3, choose the physics subject can enter oneself for an examination of professional:
0 1. civil engineering
Research scope: building, protecting and restoring all public buildings, such as roads, airports, tunnels, bridges and houses, and studying building technology, design technology and construction technology.
Main subjects: structural engineering, geotechnical engineering, basic mechanics, material science, computer science and technology.
Corresponding courses: theoretical mechanics, material mechanics, structural mechanics, soil mechanics, fluid mechanics, and courses such as drawing, experiment, project management, construction technology and computer.
Recommended institutions: Tongji University, Southeast University, Tsinghua University, Beijing University of Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University.
Employer representatives: China Construction, China Railway, China Transportation, China Electric Power, China Energy, Evergrande, Vanke, etc.
02. Machinery category
Research scope: research all man-made movable tools, such as developing and improving all kinds of vehicles, all kinds of aerospace equipment, all kinds of military weapons and so on.
Main subjects: mechanical engineering, materials science and engineering, power engineering, engineering thermophysics.
Corresponding courses: material mechanics, theoretical mechanics, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, in addition to learning machinery, electronics, materials courses.
Recommended institutions: Tsinghua University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Tianjin University, Dalian University of Technology, Zhejiang University and Xi Jiaotong University.
Representatives of the Employer: Shanghai Electric, Xugong Group, SAIC, General Institute of Mechanical Science, China Heavy Machinery Research Institute and China Machinery Industry Group.
★ Supplementary note: Although the mechanical specialty is based on mechanics, it is also closely related to electricity, and will be more closely integrated in the future.
03. Mechanics
Research scope: Mechanics is not only a classic basic discipline, but also a technical discipline, which studies the application of various mechanical processes and forces in practical engineering.
Main subjects: dynamics and control, solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, engineering mechanics, basic mechanics and mechanics.
Corresponding courses: elastic mechanics, plastic mechanics, fluid mechanics, vibration mechanics, computational mechanics, experimental mechanics. Basic knowledge of other engineering fields is also needed, such as civil engineering, machinery, aviation, transportation, chemical industry, biomedicine and other related engineering fields.
Recommended institutions: Peking University, Tsinghua University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Xi Jiaotong University, Beihang University, Tianjin University, Dalian University of Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
Owner's representative: enterprises and institutions related to civil engineering, machinery, aviation, transportation, chemical industry, biomedicine and other industries.
04. Water conservancy major (direction of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, port waterway and coastal engineering)
Research scope: controlling, regulating, developing, managing and protecting water through various artificial measures. For example, building port waterways and urban drainage systems, surveying water resources, and planning and designing agricultural water use.
Main subjects: hydrology, hydraulics, river dynamics, solid mechanics, soil mechanics, rock mechanics.
Corresponding courses: mechanical courses are the basis of disciplines, such as hydraulics, river dynamics, solid mechanics, soil mechanics, rock mechanics and so on. There are also courses in water conservancy, hydrogeology and engineering.
Recommended institutions: Tsinghua University, Hohai University, Tianjin University, Wuhan University, China Agricultural University, Dalian University of Technology, Zhengzhou University, Sichuan University and Xi University of Technology.
Representatives of employers: Three Gorges Development Corporation, Hydropower Development Corporation, hydropower design institutes and hydropower engineering bureaus.
05. Transportation (direction of marine engineering)
Research scope: Conduct comprehensive research around traffic, including traffic system planning and design, traffic operation management, vehicle inspection and maintenance. For example, designing transportation hubs and planning and designing railway stations; Monitoring, control, testing and maintenance of ships; Traffic line design and planning.
Main disciplines: transportation engineering, and related disciplines include mechanics, economics, management, system science, materials science and engineering, power engineering and engineering thermophysics, information and communication engineering, etc.
Corresponding courses: engineering mechanics, engineering fluid mechanics, engineering thermodynamics and heat transfer, as well as related courses of ship automation and ship power equipment.
Recommended institutions: Southeast University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beihang University, Tongji University, Harbin Engineering University, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Naval Engineering University.
Representatives of employers: shipping, logistics, passenger transport and aviation enterprises; Maritime Safety Administration and Transportation Bureau; Enterprise supply chain management.
06. Astronomy
Research scope: Using knowledge of physics, mathematics and mechanics to study celestial bodies in the universe and develop astronomical observation technology.
Subject direction: astrophysics, astrometry and astromechanics, astronomical technology.
Corresponding courses: theoretical mechanics, electrodynamics, quantum mechanics, thermodynamics and statistical physics, astronomy.
Recommended institutions: Nanjing University, Beijing Normal University, Peking University, University of Science and Technology of China.
Representatives of employing units: Astronomical Research Institute and Aerospace Research Institute.
Supplementary note: the physics course of astronomy major is not limited to mechanics, and its curriculum is basically the same as that of physics major. In addition to celestial mechanics, we need to study electricity, thermophysics and quantum mechanics in depth, and we need a very solid mathematical foundation.
07. Electrical category
Research scope: research on the production and transmission of electric energy; Design and manufacture electrical equipment; Developing and planning power plants and power grid construction; Power system debugging, information processing and condition monitoring; Equipment maintenance. And the environmental and economic problems related to power generation.
Main discipline: electrical engineering discipline, related disciplines include control science and engineering, information and communication engineering, light source and lighting.
Professional direction: electrical engineering and automation, smart grid information engineering, light source and lighting, electrical engineering and intelligent control.
Corresponding courses: basic circuit theory, analog electronic technology, digital electronic technology, electrical engineering, power electronic technology, high voltage electrical engineering, power system.
Recommended institutions: Tsinghua University, Xi Jiaotong University, North China Electric Power University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Chongqing University and Naval University of Engineering.
Employer's representatives: Schneider, General Electric, Huawei, Delta, State Grid and China South Locomotive.
08. Electronic information
Research scope: Taking electronic information and its related components, electronic systems and information networks as research objects, using electricity and components to improve human life, such as improving communication, transportation, production and energy saving.
Main subjects: electronic science and technology, information and communication engineering, optical engineering; Related disciplines include computer science and technology, control science and engineering, instrument science and technology, etc.
Professional direction: electronic information engineering, electronic science and technology, communication engineering, microelectronics science and engineering, photoelectric information science and engineering, information engineering.
Corresponding courses: basic circuit analysis, analog electronic technology, digital electronic technology, electromagnetic field and electromagnetic wave, communication principle.
The difference between electrical specialty and electronic information specialty: electrical specialty focuses on the study of strong electricity, mainly electricity; Electronic information focuses on weak current, mainly electromagnetism.
Recommended institutions: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, xidian university, Peking University, Tsinghua University, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shanghai Jiaotong University, National University of Defense Technology.
Employer's representatives: China Mobile, Huawei, ZTE, Internet companies, banks, Xiaomi and Lenovo.
09. Automation (need to learn mechanics and programming languages)
Research scope: Promote the control of hardware by software, and then realize automatic production. The more promising directions are artificial intelligence research, computer science research software, and automation undertaking hardware.
Main disciplines: control science and engineering, and related disciplines include information and communication engineering, electrical engineering, electronic science and technology, computer science and technology, etc.
Corresponding courses: analog electronic technology foundation, digital electronic technology foundation, microcomputer principle and interface technology, power electronic technology, signal and system analysis, automatic control principle, computer control system and process control system.
Recommended institutions: Tsinghua University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Beihang University, Beijing Institute of Technology, Northeastern University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, National University of Defense Technology.
Representatives of employment units: manufacturing enterprises, power-related units, scientific research institutes and technology companies.
10. medical technology (direction of medical imaging technology)
Research scope: Master the basic principles of various medical examination equipment (X-ray machine, CT machine, radiotherapy machine), operate the equipment skillfully, let the test results help doctors diagnose diseases, and use the management they have learned to maintain medical imaging equipment.
Main disciplines: medical technology, physics, chemistry, life science, behavioral science and other related disciplines.
Corresponding courses: medical imaging physics, electrotechnics, electronic technology, microcomputer principle and interface technology, medical image processing, imaging informatics, radiation physics and protection, imaging equipment, imaging inspection technology and imaging diagnostics.
Ability: communication ability, graphic and image recognition ability.
Recommended institutions: Capital Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Hebei Medical University and China Medical University.
Representatives of the Employer: Hospital, Siemens Medical, Lepu Medical and Neusoft Medical.
1 1. Energy (mechanics and electricity are also needed)
Research scope: efficient and clean energy conversion and utilization; Reliable operation and control of power systems and equipment; Development and application of new and renewable energy technologies; Research on energy saving, environmental protection and sustainable development, such as helping cars to save energy; Develop new energy sources and improve the power conversion efficiency of power plants.
Main disciplines: power engineering and engineering thermophysics, and related disciplines include mechanical engineering, materials science and engineering, nuclear science and technology, chemical engineering and technology, environmental science and engineering, etc.
Professional direction: energy and power engineering, energy and environmental systems engineering, new energy science and engineering.
Corresponding courses: energy dynamic testing technology, engineering thermodynamics, heat transfer, fluid mechanics, heat and fluid course experiments.
Ability: drawing ability, hands-on ability, applying what you have learned.
Recommended institutions: Tsinghua University, Xi Jiaotong University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Zhejiang University, Tianjin University, North China Electric Power University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
Representatives of the employer: hydropower industry, aerospace department and water conservancy department.
12. Chemical industry and pharmacy
Research scope: To study how to promote production by chemical methods, and to study the synthesis, production, processing and treatment of various substances. The fields that chemical industry can use include resources, energy, metallurgy, environmental protection, materials, biology, medicine, food, national defense and other fields.
Main disciplines: chemistry, chemical engineering and technology, and related disciplines include material science and engineering, environmental science and engineering, oil and gas engineering, bioengineering, metallurgical engineering, power engineering and engineering thermophysics.
Professional direction: chemical engineering and technology, pharmaceutical engineering.
Corresponding courses: physical chemistry, chemical engineering principles, chemical thermodynamics, chemical reaction engineering, and other professional courses, such as chemical engineering design basis, chemical technology, crystallography, industrial crystallization, etc.
Ability: Strong hands-on ability (many experiments) and strong creativity.
Recommended institutions: Tianjin University, East China University of Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, beijing university of chemical technology, Dalian University of Technology, Nanjing University of Technology and Zhejiang University.
Employer's representatives: PetroChina, Sinopec, CNOOC, Dow Chemical, DuPont, Intel and Procter & Gamble.
◎ The relationship between chemistry and pharmacy major and senior high school physics: The basic principles of chemical engineering are material balance and energy balance, and the law of conservation of energy and the law of thermodynamics will be deeply studied during the major study.
◎ The difference between chemical engineering and chemistry: chemistry focuses on the principles of various phenomena and reactions, while chemical engineering focuses on the application of principles in industrial production to improve production efficiency or obtain ideal substances.
◎ The difference between chemical "pharmacy" and biological "pharmacy": Biological pharmacy tests and screens substances that can be used as drugs according to the causes and influencing factors of diseases, with emphasis on research and development; Chemical pharmacy focuses on putting the discovered drugs into industrial production.
13. Nuclear engineering
Research scope: converting nuclear energy into clean energy to meet the demand for nuclear energy in energy industry, industry and agriculture, national defense security, medical industry, material industry and other fields.
Main disciplines: nuclear engineering, physics, information, materials, machinery, chemical engineering, energy and other related disciplines.
Professional direction: nuclear engineering and technology, radiation protection and nuclear safety, engineering physics, nuclear chemical engineering, nuclear fuel engineering.
Corresponding courses: nuclear physics, quantum mechanics, fluid mechanics, engineering mechanics, electrodynamics, thermodynamics, statistics.
Recommended institutions: Tsinghua University, China University of Science and Technology, Peking University, Harbin Engineering University, Xi Jiaotong University and Shanghai Jiaotong University.
Representatives of the employer: power plants, nuclear power plants and scientific research institutes.
In addition, astronomy majors and medical technology majors (the direction of medical imaging technology) also need to study the content of this module in depth.