What is Mencius' view of virtue?

Mencius summarized moral norms into four categories, namely, benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom. He believes that "benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom" are inherent things of human beings and are not obtained from the external world that exists objectively. At the same time, the human relations are summarized into five kinds, namely, "father and son are close, monarch and minister are righteous, husband and wife are different, old and young are orderly, and friends are trustworthy". Mencius believed that benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom were the most important. Benevolence is based on filial piety and filial piety, and it is the basic moral standard to deal with the blood relationship between father and son. He believes that if every member of society uses benevolence and righteousness to deal with all kinds of interpersonal relationships, the stability of feudal order and the unity of the world will be reliably guaranteed. "Benevolence and righteousness" is the core idea of Mencius' moral theory. Mencius' "benevolence and righteousness" has a class nature and is based on the feudal hierarchical society. However, he opposed the exploitation of the people by the rulers and the war between the state and the family. Benevolence is an ancient category of political thought. The interpretation of the word "benevolence" in Shuowen is: "Benevolence is also near. From the second person. " With the development of society, its meaning has also evolved. Confucius' theory of benevolence has given more enrichment and play. Benevolence is the highest moral ideal of Confucius: Confucius uses the concept of benevolence in various senses, which reflects that Confucius' theory is not complete and rigorous. Mencius is also the most benevolent. Mencius' development of Confucius' thought of benevolence is embodied in Mencius' theory of good nature. He put forward four virtues of benevolence, courtesy and wisdom, with benevolence as its central point. The relationship between benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom is further discussed. Secondly, based on the ethical thought of benevolence, Mencius put forward the theory of benevolent government. Mencius took benevolence as the starting point of his administration, asked the rulers to "govern the people with benevolence" (see King Hui of Liang), and also put forward specific economic and political measures of benevolent governance. Mencius put forward the idea of good nature. He believes that although there are differences in division of labor and class among members of society, their human nature is the same. He said, "So, people of the same kind are all similar, so why doubt others?" A saint is like me. Here, Mencius put the ruler and the ruled in an equal position and discussed their universal humanity. This discussion adapted to the historical trend of slave liberation and social change at that time, marked the deepening of human understanding and greatly promoted the development of ethical thought.