Working at height should bring the safety equipment:
1, mobile ladder: ladder use, the upper angle of 35-40 degrees is appropriate, hinges must be firm, and should have a pull support measures;
2, stools: stools should be made of metal materials, the height of the stool should be controlled within 2 meters, stools should have facilities for ascending;
3, helmet: helmet shape should be intact, where the lack of lining, lack of band, broken helmet shall not be used, wear to fasten the hat band, low head does not fall off;
4, safety net: safety net in the process of storage, transportation must be ventilated, protected from light, heat insulation. At the same time should avoid chemical attack, safety nets in the handling prohibit the use of hooks;
5, safety belts: safety belts should be stored in a dry, ventilated warehouse. It is not allowed to contact with high humidity, open fire, strong acid and sharp hard objects, and it can not be exposed to the sun for a long time.
Safety measures:
1, all operations carried out more than two meters from the ground are work at height. All those who work at height, regardless of what type of work, the time and place of carrying out the work, and regardless of professional or temporary, should implement this system
2, engaged in work at height, must be physically examined. Anyone suffering from high blood pressure, heart disease, epilepsy, fear of heights and other people who are not adapted to work at heights are not allowed to work at heights.
3, before working at height, should carefully check the safety gear, such as helmets, safety belts, ladders, springboards, scaffolding, etc., if any does not meet the requirements should be immediately improved or refused to work at height.
4, all working at height, not allowed to wear hard-soled shoes, always use safety belts. Safety belts should generally be high hanging low, that is, the hook at the end of the safety belt rope hanging in a high place, and people in the lower part of the operation.
5, welders in more than two meters high altitude welding, must find the appropriate location to hang a good safety belt to ensure safe operation.
6, high-altitude welding and cutting must be the first below the flammable, explosive materials to a safe zone, but also to take appropriate measures to ensure that the cut metal or sparks do not cause injuries or fire accidents.
7, welding rod used by electric welders, should be installed in the welding rod barrel, with the use of the take. Leftover welding rod head, should be installed in the iron box or find a suitable place to put, to be completed after the work together with the next.
8, aerial workers are not allowed to throw objects from height to the ground, and also not allowed to throw objects from the ground to the high altitude, you should use ropes, baskets, etc. to pass objects. Under special circumstances, if you must throw objects to the ground from height, the ground should be supervised to ensure that no harm to others and damage to equipment.
9, working at height with small equipment (such as hoists, jacks, etc.) should find a suitable location to put, and use the rope, wire binding firm.
10, standing on the springboard work, should not stand on the end of the springboard. Standing on the same springboard operator can not be more than 2 people.
11, high-altitude work area along the mouth, hole, should be set up guardrail and signs, in order to prevent loss of footsteps in the air.
12, the ground below the aerial work area, it is strictly prohibited to pile up scaffolding, springboards or other debris, the ground should be prohibited in the aerial work area directly below the stay or pass.
13, is strictly prohibited in the work at height play.
Knowledge Expansion
Related Operation Standards and Measures
I. Suspension Work
A) Safety Protection of Suspension Work in Template Supporting and Removal
1. Supporting template should be carried out according to the specified procedures, and the next process shall not be carried out before the template is fixed. It is strictly prohibited to climb up and down on the connecting support, and it is strictly prohibited to operate on the same vertical plane up and down, and the complex structure of the template support and dismantling should be carried out in strict accordance with the design of the construction organization.
2, support the height of 3 meters above the column template, should be set up around the diagonal bracing and scaffolding, less than 3 meters of the available bench.
3, support the overhanging form of the template, there should be a stable foothold, support the template of the adjacent structures should be set up brackets, templates on the reserved holes, should be installed after the cover is not. The hole or edge formed on the concrete plate after removing the mold should be protected according to the regulations.
4, demolding high work, should be equipped with climbing gear or set up support.
5, the template support before removal, concrete strength must meet the design requirements, and approved by the declaration of demolition can be carried out.
6, the demolition of the mold is to set up a warning area, and send a person to monitor, the demolition of the mold must be removed cleanly and thoroughly, shall not be retained with overhanging templates. Demolition of the template should be cleaned up in a timely manner, stacked neatly.
B) the steel reinforcement binding of overhead work safety protection:
1, binding steel and installing steel skeleton, must set up scaffolding or horse road.
2, tying ring beams, beams, eaves and side columns and other steel reinforcement should be set up operation platform and hanging safety net. Suspended beams of tying, must be full of scaffolding board on the support.
3, tying column or wall reinforcement, shall not stand on the reinforcement skeleton or climb up and down the skeleton. 3 meters within the column reinforcement, can be tied on the floor, the whole vertical, tying more than 3 meters of column reinforcement must be set up operating platform.
Third, the safety protection of hanging work when concrete pouring
1, pouring more than 2 meters above the ground frame, beams, canopies and small platforms, should be set up to operate the platform, shall not stand directly on the template or supporting members of the operation.
2, special circumstances into the absence of reliable safety facilities, must be fastened with a safety belt and buckle the safety hook, or set up a safety net.
Two, edge protection
1, floor edge protection
House outside the frame of the roof or floor around the perimeter and the pit around the perimeter of the material platform and pick the platform around the perimeter of the canopy and eaves, water tanks and water towers around the perimeter of the place must be set up to protect the railing.
2, stairs, floors, balcony edge protection
The head of more than 3.2 meters around the second floor, no scaffolding height of more than 3.2 meters around the floor, has not yet been installed balustrades or railings of the balcony, layered construction of the stairway and ladder section, must be installed with temporary guardrail.
3, access to both sides of the edge protection
Derrick, external elevator and scaffolding and building access to both sides of the edge, must be set up to protect the railing
4, temporary protective railing requirements:
1) protective railing should be up and down the two horizontal bars and railing columns, the upper bar height of 1.0-1.2 meters above the ground, the lower bar height of 0.2 meters above the ground, the lower bar height of 1.0-1.2 meters above the ground, the lower bar height of 0.0 meters above the ground, the lower bar height of 1.0-1.2 meters below the ground. The lower bar height from the ground for 0.5-0.6 meters. Slope greater than 1:2.2 of the roof, the guardrail should be 1.5 meters high, and hang a safety net. In addition to the design calculations, the length of the crossbar is greater than 2 meters, must be added to the railing column.
2) The fixing of the railing column shall comply with the following requirements:
a. When fixing around the pit, the steel pipe can be used to be driven into the ground 50---70 centimeters deep. The distance of the steel pipe from the side opening shall not be less than 50 centimeters. When the pit is fixed with sheet piles, it can be driven on the outside of the sheet piles.
b, when fixed in the concrete floor, roof or wall, can be embedded with steel pipe or steel face welded.
c, when fixed in the brick masonry, can be pre-built into the specifications of the appropriate 80 * 6 bending flat steel as a pre-embedded pieces of concrete block, and then fixed with the above method.
3) the railing columns fixed and its crossbar connection, its overall structure should make the protective railing in the upper pole any place, can withstand any direction of the 1000N external force. When the railing is located in the position of crowded, vehicle impact or object collision may occur, should increase the cross-bar surface or encrypted column distance.
4) protective railing must be closed from top to bottom with safety net, or in the railing under the setting of tight, fixed height of not less than 18 centimeters of the stall foot board or 40 centimeters of the stall foot fence. When the foot board and the stall foot fence, such as eyelets, should not be greater than 25mm. board and fence under the distance from the ground clearance should not be greater than 10mm.
5) When the outside of the edge facing the street in addition to the protective railing, the open fa?ade must be taken to full hanging safety nets or other reliable measures to make the full closure of the treatment.
5, hole work safety protection
Hole and hole side of the mouth next to the high work, including construction site access next to the depth of 2 meters and 2 meters above the pile hole manhole, trench and pipeline, cavity and other edges of the work is called hole work, the construction site due to the needs of the project and the hole, common stairway, elevator shaft, reserved holes, derrick passageway, that is, the often called "four".
1) Different sizes of hole protection
a Short side size less than 25cm greater than 2.5cm hole protection
Floor slabs, roofs and platforms, etc. on the surface of the short side of the size of the hole is less than 25cm but greater than 2.5cm, it must be covered with a solid cover plate to cover tightly. The cover should have measures to prevent movement.
b Side size of 25-50cm holes
Floor surface and other side size of 25-50cm holes, the installation of prefabricated components holes and holes temporarily formed by the lack of pieces, can be used to cover the holes with wooden boards, the cover must be able to maintain uniformity all around, and there are measures to fix its position.
c Side length of 50-150cm holes
Side length of 50-150cm holes, must be set to fasteners to fasten the steel pipe and the formation of the grid, and full of bamboo fences or scaffolding boards on it. Can also be used through the concrete slab on the reinforcement constitutes a protective net, reinforcing steel grid spacing shall not be greater than 20cm
d Side length greater than 150cm hole
Side length of 150cm or more of the hole, should be surrounded by protective railings, in the hole below the support of the safety net
2) elevator shaft safety protection
Elevator shaft must be set up to protect the barriers or fixed gates. Fixed gate, every two floors in the elevator shaft and up to 10m set a safety net.
3) Requirements for hole protection facilities
a The hole between the board and the wall must be set up with a solid cover, protective railings, safety nets or other fall protection facilities.
b The upper opening of pile holes such as steel pipe piles, bored piles, etc., the upper opening of cup and bar foundations, unfilled pits and trenches, as well as man-controls, skylights, and floor doors, etc., shall be provided with firm covers according to the hole protection.
c Construction site access near the various types of holes, pits and grooves, etc., storage and set up protective facilities and safety signs, and at night should also be set up red light warning.
d Garbage shaft and flue, should be eliminated with the floor masonry or installation of holes, or with reference to the reserved holes for protection, pipeline wells construction, in addition to the above paragraph, but also should be added a clear sign, such as temporary removal, subject to the consent of the person in charge of the construction, the work must be restored after completion.
e Located next to the vehicle roadside holes, deep ditches and pipeline pits, slots cover should be able to withstand not less than the local rated truck rear wheel effective bearing capacity of two times the load.
f Vertical holes in the wall and other places, where the landing of the hole should be added to the switching, tool-type or fixed protective door, door grid spacing should not be greater than 15cm, can also be used to protect the railings, under the footplate.
g The lower edge to the floor or the bottom surface is less than 80cm of the sill and other vertical openings, such as side drop greater than 2m should be added 1.2m high protective railing.
h on the neighboring people and objects with fall danger of other vertical holes, should be covered or guarded, and there are measures to fix its position.
6, cross work safety protection
In the construction site above and below the different levels, and the space through the state of the simultaneous operation of the heights known as cross work, cross work should be done as follows safety protection
1) due to the construction above the possibility of falling objects or out of the crane handle within the scope of the channel within the scope of its impact, must be built with a double protective shed. The width of the protective shed, according to the distance between the building and the fence, such as the distance of more than 6m, the protective shed discount width of 6m, such as the distance is less than 6m, should be built between the distance.
2) structure construction since the second floor, all personnel access to the entrance (including derrick, construction elevator access to the entrance, as well as construction personnel in and out of the building access to the entrance) should be set up protection shed, the height of the level of more than 24m, should be set up double protection shed.
3) support molding, painting, wall masonry and other types of work for three-dimensional cross work, shall not operate on the same vertical line. Can be used location cross, time cross, such as location cross time cross can not meet the construction requirements must be taken after isolation closed measures before construction.