The basic principle of electric shock first aid is to take active measures at the scene to protect the life of the wounded, alleviate the injur
The basic principle of electric shock first aid is to take active measures at the scene to protect the life of the wounded, alleviate the injury and relieve the pain, and contact the medical department quickly for treatment according to the needs of the injury. The following is the first aid and prevention of electric shock for your reference.
What are the first-aid measures for electric shock at the scene?
1. Cut off the power immediately.
1 Turn off the main power switch. When the power switch is far away from the electric shock site, insulation tools such as insulating pliers and shafts with dry wooden handles can be used to cut the wires, and the cut wires should be properly placed to prevent accidental contact.
When the charged conductor falls on the electrocuted person by mistake, it can be removed with insulation such as dry sticks and bamboo poles, or twisted into a belt with dry clothes, towels and ropes, and pulled out on the electrocuted person.
Ambulancemen should pay attention to putting on rubber-soled shoes or standing on a dry board, and try their best to keep the wounded out of power supply. The high-voltage line needs to be removed 10 meter to get close to the wounded.
2. When the electric shock is cut off, first aid should be given on the spot according to their different physiological reactions.
1 The person who gets an electric shock is conscious, but when he is flustered, breathless and pale, he should lie flat and rest quietly to reduce the burden on his heart. At the same time, he should closely observe the changes of breathing and pulse, and the person who gets an electric shock is unconscious. When he has a heartbeat, but his breathing stops or is extremely weak, he should raise his head and open the airway in time for mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. At this time, if artificial respiration is not performed in time, the heart will stop beating because of lack of oxygen for too long.
When the electric shock victim loses consciousness, his heart stops beating and his breathing is extremely weak, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be carried out immediately. You can't just do chest compressions with extremely weak breathing, because this weak breathing can't play the role of gas exchange.
When the electric shock person's heartbeat and breathing stop, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be carried out immediately, and effective first aid should still be carried out according to the regulations of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the way to the hospital.
5. When the electric shock person's heartbeat and breathing stop, accompanied by other injuries, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be carried out quickly first, and then trauma treatment should be carried out. Patients with electric shock caused by cervical vertebra fracture should tilt their heads backward when opening the airway to avoid high paraplegia. At this time, the Totton method can be applied.
When people are struck by lightning and their heartbeat and breathing stop, they should be given cardiopulmonary resuscitation immediately, otherwise they will die of hypoxic cardiac arrest.
7 the wounded who have recovered their heartbeat are not allowed to move at will. They should wait until the doctor arrives or the wounded are fully awake to prevent ventricular fibrillation from happening again and leading to cardiac arrest.
3. Rescue the lightning shooter If there is no purple-blue dance on the person who was struck by lightning, you can also rescue him.
1 If the injured person catches fire, he should immediately lie down and put out the fire with water, or wrap the injured person with clothes and blankets, or turn over on the spot to put out the fire. Pay attention to cool the wound with cold water and apply medicine.
When the injured person loses consciousness, but still has breathing and heartbeat, he should be sent to the hospital for treatment. If breathing or heartbeat has stopped, the injured person should be placed in a supine position to keep warm, and artificial respiration or cardiac compression should be performed.
How to prevent electric shock
Indoor electric shock prevention
1. Don't move running household appliances by hand, such as desk fans, washing machines, televisions, etc. If you need to move, please turn off the switch and unplug it.
2. Don't repair live lines or equipment at home by hand. Please put on your shoes and gloves if you need live maintenance.
3. For electrical appliances that are often used in summer, such as electric shower, desk fan, washing machine, etc. Some practical measures should be taken to prevent electric shock, such as often testing whether the metal shell is charged with an electric pen and installing an electric shock protector leakage switch.
4. If water enters the house unexpectedly, cut off the power supply first, that is, unplug the main switch or fuse in the house to prevent the household appliances being used from accidents due to water entry and insulation damage. Secondly, after cutting off the power supply, move the household appliances that may be wetted to a place that is not wetted, so as to prevent the insulation from being wetted, which will affect future use. If the electrical equipment has been flooded, a special shaking table should be used to test the insulation resistance of the equipment before using it again. If it meets the specified requirements, it can be used, otherwise it should be dried until the insulation is good.
Outdoor electric shock prevention
1. You can't fly kites where there are high-voltage lines, because kites can easily fall on the wires, which is very likely to cause electric shock.
2. Don't stay and play around the transformer, and don't damage the transformer because of naughty, which is particularly dangerous.
On the way to and from school, you find that there are wires and cables on the ground, so don't go near them, let alone reach out and pull them to avoid electric shock. If you find someone knocked down by a fallen wire, don't stretch out your hand to pull him, otherwise you won't save others, but you will get an electric shock yourself. The correct way is to unplug the wire with an insulator such as a dry wooden stick.
4. Don't climb the telephone pole, and don't hang clothes on the wire; Don't fish near the wires.
5. Don't stand under trees, chimneys, spires, telephone poles, etc. when outdoor activities encounter thunderstorm weather. And don't stand on the top of the mountain, because towering objects are easily struck by lightning.
Electric shock prevention in rainy days
1. Keep away from overhead power supply lines and transformers, and avoid rain under overhead transformers. Strong wind may blow off overhead wires, while lightning and heavy rain may easily cause bare wires or short-circuit discharge of transformers, posing a threat to personal safety.
2. Don't touch the trees near the wires. In some places, the vertical lines are parallel. As the trees grow taller every year, some crowns surround the wires. When encountering thunderstorm and gale, trees collide and rub with each other, which will lead to short-circuit discharge. Although the power lines in many parts of this city have been replaced by insulated wires, long-term friction will still damage the insulation sheath of the wires and make the trees wet by charged rain.
3. When walking outdoors, try to avoid the cable-stayed wires of telephone poles. Because the upper end of the cable is close to the power line, accidents may sometimes occur in bad weather, which makes the cable live.
After the rainstorm, water is likely to accumulate on the roads in some places. At this time, it is best not to drown. If you have to wade, you must always observe whether there are any broken wires in the stagnant water near the road you pass. Because water is conductive, it must be paid great attention to.
If you find that the power supply line, light box line and street lamp line are broken in the water, so that the water is charged, don't handle it yourself. Mark the perimeter immediately, remind other pedestrians not to approach, and call 1 10 for first aid in time.
6. Once you find someone falling into the water by electric shock, don't rush to get close to the rescue. Emergency measures must be taken before rescuing people who get an electric shock, otherwise it will not only fail to save people, but also lead to electric shock.
7. In case the power cord happens to be broken on the ground near you, don't panic at first, let alone run. At this time, you should jump off the scene with one leg, otherwise you may get an electric shock under the action of crossing the wire.
Campus electricity safety
1, the lights and fans in classrooms and dormitories should be managed by special personnel, and the plugs should not be plugged in and out casually to prevent electric shock accidents.
2. When cleaning, turn on the main power switch and cut off the power supply. Don't wipe switches, wires, lamps and tubes with a damp cloth.
Don't play around the school switch, let alone touch it with your hands.
4. In case of circuit failure and power failure, report to the teacher immediately and ask an electrician to repair it. Never repair it without permission.
5. All the sockets at home and school are electrified. Never poke the socket with fingers, wires, pens, etc. This is very dangerous and can easily cause electric shock.
Other preventive measures
1 Check the wiring of household appliances regularly to prevent electric shock and fire caused by aging.
Don't play with power sockets or lamp holders with poor insulation.
Radio, tape recorder, TV and other household appliances suddenly stop running, or the lighting is not bright, or the switch rope has been broken, please ask professionals to repair it.
Watch TV and listen to tapes. When plugging in the power plug, be careful not to touch the reed with your fingers to prevent electric shock.
Don't let children touch wires and sockets. The socket can be covered with a plastic cover, or a safety socket can be used to prevent children from accidentally getting an electric shock.
When using the electric blanket, preheat the electric blanket before going to bed, and be sure to cut off the power supply when sleeping.
Know the danger signals of electricity. Don't play around high-voltage electricity or transformers, such as catching butterflies, dragonflies and flying kites. Don't climb the telephone pole to prevent electric shock.
When someone gets an electric shock, never pull the electrocuted person directly with your hand.
9 Don't stay on the balcony or at the door in thunderstorm weather and severe lightning; Don't take shelter from the rain under big trees, beside telephone poles or under the eaves of tall buildings, so as not to be injured by lightning and get an electric shock.
10 Don't wrap the wire around the wire.