Transplantation means moving plants to other places for planting, and later extended to organ transplantation in which a living body or part of a living body is transferred. For example, transferring one person's liver to replace another person's liver is called liver transplantation. In software engineering, programs are often regarded as living organisms, and moving source code from one environment to another environment can also be called transplantation.
Kidney transplantation, also known as kidney transplantation in popular parlance, is to transplant a kidney from a healthy person to a patient with kidney disease and loss of kidney function. The human body has two kidneys, left and right. Usually one kidney can support normal metabolic needs. When the function of both kidneys is lost, kidney transplantation is the most ideal treatment method. When chronic renal insufficiency develops to the end stage, kidney transplantation can be used. treat. Kidney transplantation is divided into autologous kidney transplantation, allogeneic kidney transplantation and xenogeneic kidney transplantation due to different sources of kidney donors. It is customary to refer to allogeneic kidney transplantation as kidney transplantation. The other two types of kidney transplants are distinguished by the terms "autologous" or "xenogeneic" kidney transplants.
The quality of life of patients has improved significantly after kidney transplantation. Kidney transplantation is undoubtedly the best way to treat chronic renal failure. However, not all patients with renal failure can tolerate transplant surgery and postoperative high-dose hormone and immunosuppressive treatment well. Before kidney transplantation, it is necessary to understand whether the case is suitable for kidney transplantation and what the predicted postoperative effect will be. Some patients may even develop serious life-threatening complications after surgery under certain circumstances.
Legal basis
"Human Organ Transplant Ordinance"
Article 11 Medical institutions engaged in human organ transplantation shall, in accordance with the provisions of the "Regulations on the Administration of Medical Institutions", apply to the health authorities of the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities where they are located for registration of human organ transplantation diagnosis and treatment subjects.
Medical institutions engaged in human organ transplantation must meet the following conditions:
(1) Have practicing physicians and other medical personnel suitable for engaging in human organ transplantation;
(2) Have equipment and facilities required for human organ transplantation;
(3) There is a clinical application and ethics committee for human organ transplantation technology composed of experts in medicine, law, ethics, etc., and the number of medical experts engaged in human organ transplantation in the committee shall not exceed 1/4 of the number of committee members;
(4) Have a complete management system for quality monitoring of human organ transplantation. Article 14 The health authorities of the people's governments at or above the provincial level shall regularly organize experts to evaluate the clinical application capabilities of medical institutions for human organ transplantation based on the success rate of human organ transplantation, the implanted human organs, and the long-term survival rate of postoperative patients. , and publish the evaluation results in a timely manner; for those who fail the evaluation, the original registration department will cancel the registration of human organ transplantation diagnosis and treatment subjects. Specific measures shall be formulated by the health authority of the State Council.