Do parents know what are the three processes of fever in children? Here are the three processes of fever in children that I have carefully organized, welcome to read and collect.
Fever goes through three stages
Ascending phase: the temperature rises rapidly or slowly in this phase, sometimes accompanied by chills.
Peak: This is a period of time after the fever reaches a high level and is characterized by redness of the face and warmth of the skin.
Antipyretic phase: Fever is often the main symptom manifested in the foci and pathological processes in the body, and the nature of the foci and pathological processes can be detected according to the characteristics of the heat pattern.
Cooling methods for children with fever
Step 1: Regular temperature measurement
A baby's fever is a symptom and a response to resistance. Fever is not a bad phenomenon, indicating that the body is fighting with pathogenic bacteria, so it is very consuming people get physical strength, the patient will be sleepy, fatigue. When the mother noticed the baby's temperature or performance is different, it is necessary to monitor the baby's temperature in time.
Because the baby's body temperature center is still not well developed, the baby's body temperature is easily affected by the environment, so the baby's normal body temperature is also individual differences. The most important thing is to do a good job of monitoring the baby's body temperature. When you feel the baby's body temperature is easy to normal, you should measure the baby's body temperature every one hour or so, and do a good job of monitoring the body temperature change, so that you can be more detailed and accurate grasp of the baby's condition, and make the corresponding measures to reduce the temperature. The most important thing to remember is that there are many different kinds of thermometers available on the market, and they all have different measuring points. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a thermometer, and you'll be able to see what you're doing.
"Taking your baby's temperature, safety and accuracy are most important." If you look at the thermometer material, it can be divided into three types: glass mercury thermometer, electronic thermometer, and infrared thermometer.
The mercury thermometer can make the mercury column with the body temperature rise to maintain the original position, convenient for users to observe at any time. However, these thermometers are not suitable for newborn babies and babies who like to walk. Electronic thermometers are heat-sensitive thermometers, which are the most popular thermometers in Europe and the United States. This heat-sensitive thermometer is fast and usually takes less than a minute to measure.
Unlike mercury thermometers and electronic thermometers, infrared thermometers do not need to be in direct contact with the measurement target to get a temperature value. The measurement time is usually just a few seconds, making it a great baby thermometer for parents who want to be efficient.
Step 2: Physical cooling
Generally speaking, there are three types of fever in babies: a low fever of 37.5℃-38℃; a medium fever of 38.1℃-39℃; and a high fever of 39.1℃-40℃. Generally speaking, if the baby's temperature is below 38.5 ℃, and there is no special discomfort, good mental state, that is to say, eat as usual, sleep as usual and play as usual, the mother does not have to rush to feed the baby medicine, physical cooling is more suitable.
Warm water bath: Wiping the whole body with a warm water towel is a good way to cool down, and is also suitable for all babies with fever. The temperature of the water is 32-34 ℃ is more appropriate, and the time of each wipe is more than 10 minutes. The key parts of the wipe are in the skin folds, such as the neck, armpits, elbows, groin and so on.
Cold compress: use an ice bag, hot water bag or plastic bag, filled with cool water or ice water; can also be used to soak a towel in cool water or ice water wringing wet compress. The parts placed are the back of the pillow, forehead, armpits, thigh roots and so on.
Reduce the environmental temperature: you can open the window to ventilate, reduce wearing, cover, open the swaddling or wrapped bedding, so that the temperature drops. For small babies less than 3 months to take the "open bag" to open the clothing, less clothing may have a gradual cooling effect, generally speaking, high fever baby should not cover thick quilt, clothes should also wear less.
Drink more water and urinate: fever baby to drink more water, increase the amount of urine, can promote the body toxin discharge. At the same time, we should also pay attention to replenish the body's loss of electrolytes, the mother can let the baby drink some glucose water or light salt water.
Step 3: Reasonable choice of children's medication
When the baby fever in 38.5 ℃ - 39 ℃ or so, in the home can be the first to take the following physical cooling methods, and at the same time to consider letting the baby take antipyretic drugs. Some mothers may think that the child has been given a cold medicine will not need to take antipyretic medicine, but the cold medicine does not have the effect of rapid reduction of fever, and the baby's body temperature once more than 38.5 ℃ easy to the body.
Choosing and taking the right antipyretic medication can ease the discomfort of a fever so that your baby can eat and sleep normally, fight the illness, and get enough energy to stay strong. How to choose fever-reducing medicines for children? Moms can follow these pointers.
Listen to your doctor/pharmacist, and pay attention to OTC and doctor's orders. OTC drugs are medications that do not require a doctor's prescription and can be purchased directly from a pharmacy or drugstore, and they are medications that have been used for long periods of time, have proven efficacy, are of consistent quality, and are safe for use by non-medical professionals. When buying fever-reducing medications for your baby, pay attention to whether they are labeled OTC.
Choose the right ingredients. Common fever-reducing medications are categorized by ingredient as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, analgin, compound aminophen and aspirin. The Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Fever in Children 0 to 5 Years of Age (Standard Edition) indicate that ibuprofen and acetaminophen are the most commonly used antipyretics for fever in children. Ibuprofen is widely used around the world and recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as the only antipyretic for children.
Expanded reading: the child fever cooling methods
General care
pediatric fever metabolism faster, consume more, eat less, weak, should be bed rest; keep indoor quiet, to avoid all kinds of stimulation; clothing should be appropriate to reduce the indoor temperature to 20 ℃ about appropriate, the room temperature is not conducive to human body The room temperature is too high for the human body to dissipate heat, which will increase the child's irritability, and too low is easy to make the child cold; to prevent air convection blowing directly on the child.
When high fever, saliva secretion is reduced, so that the oral mucosa is dry, the oral self-cleaning ability to reduce, easy to make food residue retention, causing bacterial reproduction and lead to stomatitis, gingivitis, etc., so the fever children should also do a good job of oral health care, the available disinfectant cotton dipped in 3% boric acid water gently scrub the oral cavity or gargle with saline, morning and evening each time.
In fever, the human body nutrition and body fluid consumption, must pay attention to appropriate supplementation. To pay attention to drink more water, diet to fluid or semi-fluid food, such as noodle soup, porridge, egg custard, in order to light appropriate. To eat some fresh fruits and fruit juices appropriately, fruits such as pear, watermelon, water chestnuts are good. Avoid eating greasy, spicy and cold food. If the child's appetite, can not ensure that the nutrition and fluid intake, if necessary, to the hospital in a timely manner for infusion.
Cooling measures
Pediatric fever has a certain positive significance, indicating that the body and pathogenic factors fight, cooling is mainly to prevent high fever caused by convulsions or convulsions, so, in the body temperature of more than 39 ℃, then take the corresponding ` cooling measures. Families can use the following physical cooling methods for cooling: warm bath or warm water bath, mainly in the neck, chest, back and limbs and other places more scrubbing; alcohol bath, with about 35% alcohol (or two pots of head with 1 times the water), with gauze or a small towel dipped in alcohol bath, the power to be uniform, wipe the limbs and back for 3 to 5 minutes each, all the time to be in the bath in about 20 minutes. Rub to the armpits, armpits, groin and other blood vessel-rich places, stay a little longer. Prohibit rubbing the forehead, back of the neck, abdomen, these parts of the cold stimulus sensitive, such as the occurrence of chills, color, respiration, pulse abnormal symptoms should immediately stop rubbing bath.
Physical cooling
1, give the child a drink of water. Back home, immediately poured a cup of warm water, let Xiaoyu efforts to drink in, the child fever body temperature is high, the body will be extremely dehydrated, let the water to regulate the body temperature, to help the child sweat, drink water both the efficacy of the fever can also replenish the child's body water, to prevent defecation.
2, do not give the child cover sweat. After drinking water to hold the bed, give her a single piece of cover, let Xiaoyu rest well, in the past, the old people always think that the child's body is afraid of cold fever, give the child to cover a very thick quilt, want to rely on the heat to help the child sweating, to achieve the purpose of fever. In fact, this practice is not right, the child in the fever should give him fewer clothes, cover the thin quilt, so that the heat can be very good, to achieve the purpose of fever.
3, wipe the whole body with warm water. Take a towel to Xiaoyu wipe his body, focusing on wiping the armpits, neck, groin and other places rich in blood vessels, to help the child's body dissipate heat, and keep wiping until the body temperature comes down. (The child's skin is tender, so wipe gently.)
4. Rub the child's hands and feet hot. If the child's head is very hot when the fever, cold hands and feet, the mother should pay attention to, this situation shows that the child's body temperature may continue to rise, so you need to hurry for the child to carry out physical cooling. Parents should keep rubbing the palms of the hands and feet of the child until the hands and feet rubbed hot.
5, give the child a warm bath. If the child's mental state is still relatively good during the fever, you can give the child a warm bath to help dissipate the heat. Note: The bath time should not be too long, to prevent the child's body is not good defecation, after the bath to hurry to the child to dress, do not catch cold.
How to take care of children with fever
1, if the child's limbs are warm and hot, and there is also the body sweating, it is necessary to release heat, you can give the child to take off the excess clothing or less clothing.
2, with the help of ice pillows, fever patches can help the body release heat. But for small children, it is best not to use the former, because the baby is not good to turn the body, this method may lead to the baby's body temperature is low or lead to part of the body cold. The antipyretic patch contains a gelatinous substance, whose moisture vaporization can take away a certain amount of heat, and can effectively avoid the condition of too much cooling.
3. Keep the room temperature at about 25-27 degrees Celsius. If there is an air conditioner in the room, the child can be placed in an air-conditioned room, and if there is no air conditioner, an electric fan can be used to blow around the room, which can gradually reduce the child's body temperature.
4. Remove clothing and wipe the whole body with a warm towel, focusing on the forehead, neck, armpits, limbs and groin. Try to use moderate temperature water for swabbing, to the parent wrist inside the skin is not hot. The total*** scrubbing time should be about 13 minutes, and keep scrubbing until the baby's temperature drops to 38 degrees Celsius.
5, if the baby's face and the usual no different or have flushed phenomenon, then you can rest assured that the home repair conditioning. If the face is dull, yellowish, greenish, and the eyes are dull, then the condition is more serious, and need to be sent to the hospital in a timely manner.
6. If there is a rash on the body, it means that the medicine is allergic or has an infectious disease. Parents also need to observe whether the child's body has a purple, cold condition, if there is such a condition is indicative of circulatory failure. All of these conditions require medical attention.
7. Severe projectile vomiting is a sign of cranial lesions and requires medical attention.
8. If the baby has a high fever but is in good spirits, and can play after taking medication to reduce the fever, there is not much difference with the usual state, then the baby's condition is not serious, and you can rest at home to adjust. If the baby's mental outlook is in a state of disillusionment, fatigue, and apathy, then the baby's condition is more serious, and the parents should take the baby to the hospital immediately.
9, due to the child in the fever, breathing faster, the body of the sweat and the loss of more water, so you can give the baby more water, you can also drink some fresh fruit and vegetable juices, replenishment of water, to increase the amount of urination, to help the body of the toxins out of the body.
10, when the baby is in the stage of high fever, you can use alcohol swabbing method to lower the temperature. Prepare 200-300 milliliters of 20%-35% alcohol and wipe your baby's back, hands and feet.
11. Wet a washcloth with cold water, preferably between 20°C and 30°C. Then wring it slightly. Then slightly wring down the towel, so that it does not drip on it. Fold the towel over your forehead and try to replace it once every three to five minutes.
12, with warm water to wet the towel, wring dry, wipe the child's head, armpits and limbs. You can also take a warm bath and scrub your body to bring down the body temperature of the child.
13, in the ice bag into some ice and water, until half a bag, and then remove the air inside the ice bag, tie the mouth of the bag, placed on the pillow.
14, apply ice packs. Mainly applied to the neck, armpits, hands and feet, can effectively lower the temperature, do not apply to the head and the heart, so as not to hurt the child.
How to determine the child's fever?
Touch: Through the temperature of the child's palm and the back of the neck, the initial judgment of whether the body temperature is normal, and more importantly, the mother can use this to understand the child's clothing thickness is appropriate, too much or too little is not conducive to the child's comfort and health.
Look: If the child's face is flushed, his lips are dry and noisy, and he even cries and has no appetite, the mother should be alert to the possibility of fever. In addition, when the fever, the body's water consumption is greater, the child will urinate less than usual, and appear yellow urine, darker color, which may also be a manifestation of increased body temperature.
Measurement: Measuring the temperature with a thermometer can certainly be the most accurate way to determine if your child has a fever. Usually the rectal temperature is measured with an anal meter, which is more accurate especially for small babies. (Normal body temperature is 37 ℃ - 38 ℃), can also measure the temperature of the armpit or neck (normal body temperature is 36 ℃ - 37 ℃). Preschool babies are best not to use the mouth watch to measure body temperature to avoid accidents.
Common manifestations of fever in children
Fear of cold: Fear of cold is a manifestation of pre-fever, the temperature measurement may not be 38 ℃. However, at this time the child will appear pale skin, dry and sweatless, chills, sometimes accompanied by chills, muscle aches, weakness and so on.
Elevated body temperature: A rising body temperature and hot skin indicate that the child may have a fever. At this time, the child may have flushed, burning skin, shallow and fast breathing, rapid heartbeat, headache, dizziness, loss of appetite and general malaise.
Sweating: When a child has a fever due to an infection, the body temperature automatically rises to protect the body, and at this point, in order to lower the body temperature and expel heat, the body sweats to lower the body temperature.
Normal Body Temperature Reference Values
Oral Body Temperature Range Between 36.7°C and 37.7°C
Axillary Temperature Range Between 36.0°C and 37.4°C
Rectal Temperature Range Between 36.9°C and 37.9°C
Choosing the Right
For babies with fever, there are two main methods of cooling commonly used in the clinic: physical cooling and medication. Regardless of which method is used to help the baby cool down, it should be decided according to the baby's age, physical condition and the degree of fever.
Neonatal baby fever is generally not suitable for the use of drugs to reduce temperature; infants and young children generally infected with fever caused by the best first to use appropriate physical cooling measures. However, children with measles and other rash diseases should not use cold compresses and alcohol baths to cool down, so as not to stimulate the skin, affecting the rash through the hair.
If the use of drugs to lower the temperature, pay attention to the dose is not too large, so as not to make the baby sweating too much and cause dehydration or electrolyte disorders. There are many types of antipyretic drugs commonly used in pediatrics, and no matter which antipyretic is used, it should be done under the guidance of a doctor.