Before the hands-on assembly of the computer, you should learn the basic knowledge of the computer, including hardware structure, maintenance knowledge of daily use, common troubleshooting, operating system and common software installation.
Preparation of accessories before installation
Installation of the computer to have their own plans, do not blindly compare, according to the actual need to buy accessories.
Such as the purchase of the chassis, pay attention to the rationalization of the internal structure, easy to install, the second should pay attention to the beautiful, color and other accessories to match. Generally should choose vertical chassis, do not use the eliminated horizontal chassis, especially the chassis power supply, it is related to the stable operation of the entire computer, its output power should not be less than 250 W, some processors also require the use of 300 W power supply should be selected according to need.
In addition to the chassis power supply, in addition to the need for accessories generally have a motherboard, CPU, memory, graphics card, sound card (some sound cards come with the motherboard), hard disk, optical drive (VCD optical drive and DVD drive), floppy drive, data lines, signal cables and so on.
In addition to the machine accessories, you also need to prepare to use the screwdriver, sharp-nosed pliers, tweezers and other tools.
Additionally, it is necessary to prepare the room for the power plugs, etc. before installation, which have been described in Chapter 1, Section 1.4.
Basic Steps for Installing a Computer
When assembling a computer, you should follow the following steps methodically:
(1) Installation of the chassis, which mainly involves unsealing the chassis and installing the power supply in the chassis.
(2) Motherboard installation, installing the motherboard on the chassis motherboard.
(3) CPU installation, insert the required CPU in the motherboard processor socket and install the cooling fan.
(4) Memory stick installation, insert the memory stick into the motherboard memory slot.
(5) For graphics card installation, select the appropriate slot based on the graphics card bus.
(6) Installation of the sound card, the mainstream sound card in the market now is mostly a PCI slot sound card.
(7) Drive installation, mainly for hard disk, optical drive and floppy drive installation.
(8) Connections between the chassis and the motherboard, i.e., various indicator lights, power switch lines. PC speaker connections, as well as hard disk, optical drive and floppy drive power line and data line connections.
(9) Cover the chassis cover (theoretically, after the installation of the host, it is possible to cover the chassis cover, but in order to check the problems thereafter, it is best to leave the cover on, and wait until the system is installed).
(10) The installation of input devices, connecting the keyboard and mouse integrated with the host.
(11) Installation of output devices, that is, the installation of the monitor.
(12) Re-check the individual wiring again, ready for testing.
(13) Power up the machine, if the monitor can be displayed normally, indicating that the initial installation has been correct, at this time to enter the BIOS for the initial setup of the system.
Conducted the above steps, the general hardware installation has been basically completed, but to make the computer run, but also need to carry out the following installation steps.
(14) Partition the hard disk and format the hard disk.
(15) Install an operating system, such as Windows 98 or Windows XP.
(16) After installing the operating system, install drivers, such as those for graphics cards, sound cards, and so on.
(17) Perform a 72-hour bakeout, if there is a problem with the hardware, it will be detected during the 72-hour bakeout.
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The process of assembling a computer
For those who don't have a lot of exposure to computers in general, they might think that "installing a computer" is a difficult and mysterious thing. But in fact, as long as you do your own hands after the installation of a time, you will find that the original is just so (of course, you'd better have a general understanding of the various parts of the computer). The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a computer that is ready to go, and then you can start the process of assembling your computer.
(1) Open the case's outer packaging, and you'll see a lot of accessories, such as screws, stoppers, and so on.
(2) Then remove the case's outer shell, and we can see the drive bays used to mount the power supply, optical drive, and floppy drive. Many cases do not provide dedicated bays for hard disks, which can usually be mounted in the bays for floppy drives.
The entire frame of the chassis is made of metal, and it includes a five-inch mounting bracket (which can be used to install optical drives and five-inch hard drives, etc.), a three-inch mounting bracket (which can be used to install floppies, three-inch hard disks, etc.), a power supply mounting bracket (which is used to fix the power supply), a base plate (used to mount the motherboard), slots (used to mount a variety of plug-in cards), PC speakers (which can be used to emit a simple alarm sound), wiring (used to connect the signal indicators and switching power supply), and a power supply. signal indicators as well as switching power supply) and plastic feet, as shown in Figure 11.1 (the picture here has been installed power supply, in fact, the newly opened chassis is not installed power supply).
l Drive bays. Drive bays have baffles on the front of the bay that can be removed when the drive is installed, and well-designed plastic baffles on the front of the chassis are attached with plastic barbs for easy removal and re-installation. There is also generally a layer of iron baffles inside the chassis that can be removed at once.
l Chassis rear baffle. The back of the chassis block, that is, the back of the chassis board card port, the motherboard keyboard port, mouse port, serial and parallel ports, USB ports, etc. are to be connected to the peripheral from the holes in this block.
l Signal cables. Underneath the drive bays, we can see the leads from the chassis panel for the Power and Reset buttons, as well as some of the indicator lights. In addition to this there is a small speaker called PC Speaker, which is used for beeps and alarms, and there are corresponding sockets on the motherboard.
Some cases have a small white plastic box on the lower part of the chassis, which is used to install the chassis fan, and the plastic box is designed with a bayonet on all four sides, so you can simply snap the fan into the box. Some of the larger chassis will also be reserved for the second and third fans.
The process of assembling a computer
For people who don't usually have much contact with computers, they may think that "assembling a computer" is a very difficult and mysterious thing. But in fact, as long as you do your own hands to install once, you will find that the original is just so (of course, you'd better have a general understanding of the various parts of the computer). The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a new computer, and then you'll be able to get your hands on a new one, and then you'll be able to get your hands on a new one.
(1) Open the case's outer packaging and you'll see a lot of accessories, such as screws, tabs, and so on.
(2) Then remove the case's outer shell, and we can see the drive bays used to mount the power supply, optical drive, and floppy drive. Many cases do not provide dedicated bays for hard disks, which can usually be mounted in the bays for floppy drives.
The entire frame of the chassis is made of metal, and it includes a five-inch mounting bracket (which can be used to install optical drives and five-inch hard drives, etc.), a three-inch mounting bracket (which can be used to install floppies, three-inch hard disks, etc.), a power supply mounting bracket (which is used to fix the power supply), a base plate (used to mount the motherboard), slots (used to mount a variety of plug-in cards), PC speakers (which can be used to emit a simple alarm sound), wiring (used to connect the signal indicators and switching power supply), and a power supply. signal indicators as well as switching power supply) and plastic feet, as shown in Figure 11.1 (the picture here has been installed power supply, in fact, the newly opened chassis is not installed power supply).
l Drive bays. Drive bays have baffles on the front of the bay that can be removed when the drive is installed, and well-designed plastic baffles on the front of the chassis are attached with plastic barbs for easy removal and re-installation. There is also usually a layer of iron baffles inside the chassis that can be removed at once.
l Chassis rear baffle. The back of the chassis block, that is, the back of the chassis board card port, the motherboard keyboard port, mouse port, serial and parallel ports, USB ports, etc. are to be connected to the peripheral from the holes in this block.
l Signal cables. Underneath the drive bays, we can see the leads from the chassis panel for the Power and Reset buttons, as well as some indicator lights. In addition to this there is a small speaker called PC Speaker, which is used for beeps and alarms, and there are corresponding sockets on the motherboard.
Some cases have a small white plastic box on the lower part of the chassis, which is used to install the chassis fan, and the plastic box is designed with a bayonet on all four sides, so you can simply snap the fan into the box. Some of the larger chassis will also be reserved for the second and third fans of the chassis.
11.2.2 Installing the power supply
The power supply is usually located at the top end of the case. There is a screw hole in each of the four corners of the end of the power supply, and they are usually arranged in a trapezoidal shape, so pay attention to the direction of the installation; if you install the screws the other way around, they will not be fixed. You can place the power supply on the power supply bracket and align the four screw holes before screwing in the screws.
When installing the power supply into the chassis, be aware that the power supply is usually installed backwards, i.e. upside down. Just align the screws on the power supply with the holes in the chassis, then tighten the screws.
Tips: There is a principle of not tightening the screws until all the screws are in place, and then tightening them one by one. The same is true for installing certain other accessories, such as hard drives, optical drives, floppy drives, and so on.
11.2.3 Installing the motherboard
There are a number of holes in the side panels of the chassis that are used to secure the motherboard. And in the motherboard around and in the middle of some of the mounting holes, these holes and the bottom of the chassis of some of the round holes correspond to the motherboard is used to fix the installation of the motherboard, the installation of the motherboard, the first in the bottom of the chassis holes inside the installation of the locating screws, (locating screws slot according to the various types of motherboards to match the selection of the appropriate can also be put on the one or two plastic locating card instead of metal screws).
Then the chassis will be lying down, in the motherboard on the bottom of the installation of copper expansion screws (and the motherboard on the screws are also aligned), and then put the motherboard on the bottom of the board. At the same time, pay attention to the motherboard's I/O ports aligned to the corresponding position on the back of the chassis (the position indicated by the arrow in the figure), the peripheral interfaces of the ATX motherboard should be aligned with the corresponding baffle holes on the back of the chassis
Note: To make the motherboard's keyboard ports, mouse ports, serial and parallel ports, and USB interfaces and chassis back baffle holes aligned with the motherboard to the chassis back baffle, the motherboard should be parallel to the baseboard, and must not be lapped, or else it is prone to cause a short-circuit The motherboard should be parallel to the baseboard and should never be lapped together, otherwise it will easily cause short circuit. In addition, the motherboard screw holes near the printed circuit of the signal line, in connection with the chassis backplane should pay attention to the motherboard should not be short-circuited with the chassis. If the motherboard mounting holes are not plated with insulation, they must be insulated with insulating washers. It is best to fix one or two studs on the chassis first, generally take the chassis keyboard jack (AT motherboard) or I/O port (ATX motherboard) near the location. When using a pointed plastic card, the pointed end must be on the front of the motherboard.