In addition, there is an indisputable fact in front of every Shanghainese. Shanghai's mother river, the Huangpu River, before the mid-50s (1958) was a clear water, fish and shrimp swarms of the river in 1962, the water quality began to be polluted, 1963 began to appear 22 days of black odor period, 1988 rose to 29 days, accounting for about 2/3 of the year, the quality of the water is not qualified for the river accounted for 64.5km, accounting for the total length of 113.5km, 56.99%.
The harm of water pollution is not self-evident. Water pollution, water quality deterioration of human health and human life, production have brought serious harm.
Water is an important material for human survival, clean people can bring people lush green flowers and trees, birds and flowers, quiet and comfortable, beautiful and picturesque environment, bring people tranquility, pleasure and peace. But today's polluted water brings people pain, terror and disaster. In order to make life better, so that the beautiful mountains and rivers will always be on earth, so that the water will flow continuously, people have become more and more clearly aware of the importance of preventing water pollution.
Sowing green is sowing hope Excess garbage and environmental issues from drinking pure water to remember Recycling and Resource Utilization of Garbage Recycling and Resource Utilization of Garbage Science in the Bathroom
2. In 2005, a "storm of environmental protection" blew up on the Chinese mainland, with a total investment of more than 117.9 billion yuan in 30 projects under construction by the Chinese government. In 2005, a "storm of environmental protection" blew up in mainland China, and 30 projects under construction with a total investment of more than 117.9 billion yuan were halted by the State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), including three projects of the Three Gorges Corporation, which is also a ministerial-level organization. The reason was that the projects had not been evaluated for environmental impact and were illegal projects that were built before approval.
There is no way back from environmental degradation in China. As early as the 1990s, environmental pollution was already a serious problem. For example, the Huaihe River Basin. In the 1990s, the quality of five categories of water accounted for 80%, the entire Huaihe River is like a huge sewage ditch all year round. 1995, the economic losses caused by environmental pollution reached 187.5 billion yuan.
According to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the loss caused by environmental pollution and ecological damage has accounted for 15% of the total GDP, which means that on one side is 9% of economic growth, and on the other side is 15% of the loss rate. Environmental problems are not just a matter of sustainable development in China, they have become a demon that devours economic achievements.
Currently, China's desertified land has reached more than 2,674,000 square kilometers; the arable land and homes of nearly 400 million people in 471 counties in 18 provinces and districts in China are being threatened by desertification to varying degrees, and the desertification is still growing at the rate of more than 10,000 square kilometers per year.
Over 40 percent of the water quality in the seven major river systems is completely useless. More than 400 of the country's 668 cities are in a state of water shortage. Many of them are caused by water quality pollution. For example, Ningbo City in Zhejiang Province, located at the confluence of the Yong, Yao and Fenghua rivers, is so polluted that it needs to rely on water trucks to run around day and night to transport water from the countryside rivers into the city's various businesses when it is most short of water.
China's average 10,000 yuan of industrial value-added consumes 330 cubic meters of water and produces 230 cubic meters of sewage; every 100 million yuan of GDP is discharged 288,000 tons of wastewater. There is also a large amount of domestic sewage. More than 80% of which is untreated, it is directly discharged into the river, it will not take 10 years, China will have no water available situation.
One-third of the country's urban population is breathing heavily polluted air, and one-third of the country has been eroded by acid rain. Economically developed Zhejiang Province, acid rain coverage has reached 100%. The frequency of acid rain occurs, Shanghai reaches 11%, Jiangsu is about 12%. In central China and some southern cities, such as Yibin, Huaihua, Shaoxing, Zunyi, Ningbo and Wenzhou, the frequency of acid rain exceeds 90%.
In China, the maximum sulfur dioxide emissions allowed to basically eliminate acid rain pollution is 12 million to 14 million tons. And in 2003, the country's sulfur dioxide emissions reached 21.587 million tons, an increase of 12% over 2002, of which industrial emissions increased by 14.7%. According to the current rate of economic development. As well as pollution control methods and efforts, by 2020, the country's only thermal power plant emissions of sulfur dioxide will reach more than 21 million tons, all emissions will exceed the atmospheric capacity of more than one times, which will be a serious disaster for the ecological environment and public health.
January 27, the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, some people predicted that if not rectified, the history of mankind's sudden environmental crisis on the economy, the largest destruction of the social system, is likely to appear in the near future in China.
The ozone layer: the protective layer of mankind
It is well known that the Earth is surrounded by a layer of atmosphere, counting from the ground, from the bottom up can be divided into five layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, the middle layer, the ionosphere and the fugitive layer. The troposphere, which is the closest to the ground, is the closest to human beings, bringing to human beings complex weather phenomena such as clouds, rain, fog, wind, frost, snow, etc.; and there is an ozone layer in the stratosphere above the troposphere with a concentration of 10% and a thickness of 30 kilometers, which can absorb a large number of radiations from the universe, in particular 99% of the ultraviolet rays radiated by the sun to the earth can be absorbed so as to protect the creatures of the earth from being harmed. Therefore, the ozone layer is known as the "human umbrella", such as the loss of this "umbrella", the Earth will be subjected to strong ultraviolet radiation, species will be difficult to survive, human health will be a great threat.
This is not sensationalism, but a fact of life that is happening, and there are already ominous signs in many places. Look first at the life on the ground beneath the Antarctic ozone hole. In the southern tip of Chile, in the area bordering the Strait of Magellan, the river used to be full of active fish, but today they have become "blind fish" that are dumb and bumping around; sheep that like to roam around have become "blind sheep" because of cataracts, and spend all day moping around; rabbits that are jumping around have become "blind rabbits", and hunters can easily catch them; free-flying wild birds have become disoriented because of blindness, and have crashed into the residents' homes! ...... What a sad and thought-provoking sight.
Who would have thought that the culprits of the ozone hole are the refrigerants chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are used frequently in industry and in life. Drinking ice-cold drinks in summer was once the exclusive rights of the ancient emperors, nearly half a century, due to industrial development, people are more and more widely used in the nature of the more stable, not easy to burn, easy to store, the price is cheaper chlorofluorocarbons to do the refrigerant, aerosol, foaming agent and cleaning agent. These substances can exist in the atmosphere for a long time and destroy the ozone layer, thus jeopardizing human health and affecting biological growth.
El Ni?o
In 1997 and 1998, it seemed as if the entire world was suffering from severe weather. Continuous high temperatures caused forest fires to strike with extraordinary frequency around the globe. Droughts hit Australia, Chile and other countries, severely reducing crop yields. Forest fires in Indonesia, which have been burning for nearly a year, have drowned almost all of Southeast Asia in smoke.
It looks like something is terribly wrong with the Earth's climate. And in fact, it's just a cyclical natural phenomenon. Only by doing our best to feel our way through their fickle footsteps can we better face these two naughty children: El Ni?o and La Ni?a. El Ni?o, which means "holy child" in Spanish, is characterized by an abnormal rise in local sea temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean. In contrast, La Ni?a, the "Virgin", is characterized by an abnormal drop in water temperature in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The impact of these two climatic phenomena on the Earth's environment has surpassed greenhouse gas emissions as the primary factor contributing to climate anomalies. El Ni?o and La Ni?a have been silently accompanying the Earth's history.
Scientists claim that El Ni?o had a devastating effect on Earth's climate 15,000 years ago. But mankind's history of recognizing El Ni?o and La Ni?a is very short.In the second half of the 19th century, meteorologists observed a strange phenomenon. When the air pressure over the western Pacific was above normal, it was below normal on the eastern side of the Pacific, and vice versa. A look at the climate records of the Pacific Ocean over a long period of time reveals that the east and west Pacific air pressures show a see-saw relationship. This phenomenon is known as the Southern Oscillation. The anomalies in barometric pressure have caused temperature and precipitation anomalies that have wreaked havoc on human societies and economies.8 became the hottest year in 100 years. Agriculture, livestock and fisheries around the world suffered greatly as a result. As a result of the warming of the sea water in the eastern Pacific Ocean, a large number of fish died.In 1970, Peru's fish catch amounted to 12 million tons, and after the strong El Ni?o in 1972, it dropped steeply to less than 2 million tons in 1973.The El Ni?o phenomenon from 1997 to 1998 reduced Peru's fish production to 38% of the normal year's amount. Warming waters have also killed corals in large areas of the world's oceans. Corals in the Indian, Pacific and Red Oceans are all seriously threatened.
There is a very close link between El Ni?o years and the frequency of catastrophic forest fires, and the 1994 forest fires near Sydney coincided with an El Ni?o cycle. Historically, the same has been true of many of the fires that have occurred this century.
From 1997 to 1998, it seemed like the whole world was suffering from bad weather. Continuous high temperatures caused forest fires to strike with extra frequency around the globe. Droughts hit countries like Australia and Chile, severely reducing crop yields. Forest fires in Indonesia, which have been burning for nearly a year, have drowned almost all of Southeast Asia in smoke.
There is still no conclusion on the cause of El Ni?o, and people don't yet know whether it is a natural or man-made disaster. Typically, the western Pacific Ocean has a region of high ocean surface temperatures known as the equatorial warm pool. This heat engine sends huge clouds stretching for tens of kilometers into the atmosphere. The warm air flows over the Pacific Ocean, across the equator, and finally sinks over the cool waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean. The warm air is turned westward by the trade winds, forming the so-called Walker Circulation. In years when the trade winds weaken, the equatorial warm pool moves eastward, concentrating the Walker Circulation region over the eastern Pacific. As a result, the air in northern Australia becomes dry, while the atmosphere off the coast of South America is wetter. This could be a sign of an impending El Ni?o. It's like seeing dense overcast clouds in the sky, you know a storm is coming. To some extent, we can also predict El Ni?o and La Ni?a. Many countries around the world have established El Ni?o and La Ni?a monitoring systems to keep a close eye on subtle changes in water temperatures in the tropical Pacific. Because these changes could be the harbingers of the arrival of the holy siblings.
Eye-watering environmental pollution can be seen everywhere: the sky is dark, the air is dirty, sewage flows, garbage surrounds the city ......, even far away from the icy Antarctic penguins in the body was found DDT and other pesticide residues, Mount Everest all over the place in a mess? Blue sky and blue water has become a childhood memory and an unattainable dream for many people.
The Antarctic ozone hole, because of the past excessive use of Freon, emissions into the air caused by a large number of ultraviolet radiation on the earth, skin cancer, such as the incidence of increased, higher temperatures on the earth; many of the waters will occur because of the red tide of industrial wastewater into the waters of the life of the waters of the water, these waters are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, so that the water eutrophication caused by the deaths of fish and shrimp will lead to the deaths of fish and shrimp, but also through the role of bio-enrichment to harm people's health; the primitive forests of the United States have been destroyed by the health; the destruction of virgin forests in the United States is man-made, and many trees have been cut down. The destruction of virgin forests in the United States is man-made, and many trees have been cut down, resulting in the displacement of many animals and even the extinction of some species
Lobu Po, the Fading Immortal Lake" means that Lobu Po, which was a very beautiful lake, has faded away into a desert. This is the tragedy of man-made destruction of the ecological environment. This report literature with a strong voice, to wake up the world, to establish a national environmental protection awareness, good ecological protection