A basic practice
The basic practice of community grid management is to divide the grid, that is, according to the actual situation and the principle of management convenience, will be under the jurisdiction of the area divided into a number of "grids", each grid is equipped with a certain number of staff members responsible for the handling of affairs within the grid. For example, the Shekou Street Office in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, to "facilitate accountability, integrity of the unit, the appropriate scale" as the principle, taking into account the status of the resident population, the number of rental housing units, community management work, such as the degree of difficulty of the street 12 communities **** divided into 80 grids. In the grid management responsibility allocation, each grid is equipped with 3
staff, that is, grid coordinator, grid administrator and grid supervisor, respectively, by the community integrated coordinator, community workstation staff and street office community cadres to serve as a point. Grid coordinator for the grid directly responsible for the grid, mainly responsible for the grid of discordant factors in the investigation and reporting work; grid administrator for the grid of the first person responsible for the grid, mainly responsible for the grid coordinator to collect, check the information to verify the confirmation and do a good job of mediation disputes and remediation of the problem; grid supervisors are mainly responsible for the grid of the work of the checking, guiding and supervising.
Two, information management platform
Relying on advanced network information technology, the community information management platform synthesizes information on population, housing, social security, family planning, economic development and other information within the jurisdiction. Through the data *** enjoyment, resource integration and information *** use, the establishment of community integrated service website platform, community staff can query the basic situation of households in the grid on the platform, office automation; residents can handle social security and other affairs, greatly saving human and material resources. Zhengzhou urban agglomeration community grid management, for example, its information management platform runs 24 hours a day, community residents, staff can log on to the platform at any time to carry out the corresponding business, office and other management services processing. Community residents can open online Q&A, community forums, life information, call service centers and other online services through the community integrated service system. When there is a need to rescue the situation, the residents can publish online rescue information, and at the same time can call the call service center for help by phone, once the rescue information is released, the management platform through the calculation, analysis, grid positioning, can immediately identify the rescue information issued by the point and in the entire community grid published display, so that rescuers immediately rushed to the scene, but also prompted to rescue the rescue information issued by the point of the nearby residents to rescue, so that community Community staff. Community residents are involved in community service work, thereby improving community service capacity and service quality.
The effective operation of the community integrated service website platform must rely on a sound back-end support system, i.e., the physical service network, in which the street office and its various functional sub-centers are indispensable members of this network. The relationship between the community service information system and the street offices and their functional sub-centers is shown in the figure:
Collaboration between the website platform and the functional centers of the streets
Three classic cases
Zhengzhou City, exploring the practice of community grid-based management is mainly centered on perfecting the "two-tiered government, three-tiered management and four-tiered network" as the characteristics of urban management. Among them, Jinshui District, in carrying out the pilot work of grid management, around the community services and security, integrated community management, community collaboration and public participation, community work system and mechanism to establish a large multi-party effectively connected to the new community.
Four, management features
Community grid practice is characterized by "fine management, information construction, humanized service.
1, through the community's internal grid division, equipped with commissioners, all community residents into the scope of services, when there are neighborhood disputes, emergencies, the relevant staff in charge can be in place in a timely manner, to control the development of the situation; at the same time, through the voluntary service and other ways to give the elderly, children, the disabled life care, and to create a harmonious and mutually supportive community atmosphere.
2, because the "grid" originated in the field of information technology, after the introduction of community building, information technology also plays an important role, through the establishment of electronic databases, records of community residents' families, categories of people and regional infrastructure construction. In addition, relying on modern network technology to provide online service platforms to achieve office automation.
3, community grids not only in the registration and certification, labor and employment, medical insurance, preferential relief, home care, etc. to provide convenient services, but also the opening of the community service hotline, the integration of community property companies and commercial outlets, for the residents of the district to provide door-to-door services.
V. Problems
1, the generalization of the grid
On the one hand, in terms of the function of the grid, has been generalized to the point that it can solve any problem; on the other hand, the scope of the grid has also been greatly generalized, almost every department, every aspect of the work of the grid operation, the development of the grid workflow chart, the grid arrangement administrators. The increase in the number of administrators due to the generalization of the scope of gridding has further increased the human operating costs, the number of agencies and the investment in equipment and funds.
2, community "self-governance" is not enough
Community interaction between the individual and the collective plays a regulatory role and make the individual and the collective to maintain consistency, community grid management too much emphasis on timely collection of the problem, feedback, and ignored the masses to participate in the problem solving ability and enthusiasm. At this stage, the community grid is still "one-way communication" is the main, "two-way communication and feedback" is relatively lack of residents' participation is not high, is not conducive to the formation of community culture and harmonious community relations.
3, the long-term development of the grid
Grid management is a long-term management mechanism, rather than a temporary special rectification activities. In the current community management work, many remediation work should be included in the long-term management mechanism, but the higher-ups from time to time to temporary, special raids instead of long-term management, resulting in the grid management is difficult to establish a long-term mechanism. Most of the community grid management work is repetitive, professional, if they are all to respond to the raid, the resulting management costs will be greatly increased, the work carried out will not be able to carry out a long-term summary. On the other hand, the long-term management mechanism is conducive to the timely and effective solution to a variety of problems arising in community management, and this advantage is temporary, special raids do not have.
With the advent of the information age, information technology in the government system reform will play a huge role in promoting the government's organizational form and management structure will undergo a revolutionary change, information technology in the process of governmental public **** affairs management and the provision of public **** services to play an increasingly significant role, it will become an important means of contemporary governmental public **** management process. Gridization is of great significance in transforming governmental functions and solving the lack and overstepping of governmental functions. Community grid construction draws on the new public **** service, multi-center governance and other modern management ideas, through the "grid, people, responsibility" and the introduction of information technology means to enhance urban civilization, improve the standard of living of the residents, to achieve long-term peace and security at the grassroots level, and the construction of a harmonious socialist society, the Jinpeng information grid software.
Theoretical research at this stage focuses on the public **** department and the community "cooperation, consultation, partnership" thinking, in practice for the grid division and distribution of duties, the lack of practice and exploration of inter-grid connection. At the micro level, it is necessary to deal with the internal affairs of the grid, but good order within the grid does not mean that the community as a whole long-term development. Thus, it is necessary to explore inter-grid links and interactions at the meso-level and urban ****building at the macro-level. At the same time, combining polycentric governance, broadening the field of governance, and introducing the power of non-governmental organizations will have a positive impact on solving the generalization of the grid and the lack of community autonomy.