I. Background
With the development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization, environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. The central and local governments attach great importance to environmental protection, and in recent years, they have urgently increased the management and rectification of environmental protection. Enterprises that fail to meet the emission standards will be fined or shut down as appropriate.
The discharge to the gas station includes on-site oily sewage treatment and domestic sewage discharge treatment in the station. According to the different situations of gas stations, the environmental protection measures and related investments of oily sewage and domestic sewage are analyzed.
2. Treatment of oily sewage and domestic sewage
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1. Oily sewage treatment
Oily sewage includes oily sewage on the ground in the refueling area and oily sewage at the oil unloading port. Divided into ordinary gas stations and large gas stations.
1. 1 Ordinary gas station: refers to a gas station with a site area of less than 5,000 square meters. Environmental protection ditches can be set at the entrance and exit, and the oily sewage in the station can be completely intercepted, and the oily sewage in the station will be introduced into the grease trap for treatment. After coming out of the grease trap, it will pass through an ordinary water-sealed well and then be discharged into the nearby rainwater pipe network.
In this case, the length of the environmental protection ditch is generally less than 70 meters. Usually between 30 and 60 meters.
1.2 large gas station: refers to a gas station with a site of more than 5,000 square meters, or a service area or parking lot. Due to the floor space.
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It is too wide and has a large amount of rain, so it is impossible to set environmental protection ditches at the entrance and exit to intercept the rain in the station. In this case, under the canopy projection line, the parking space at the oil unloading port is provided with an environmental ditch to enclose the oil refueling area and the oil unloading area, and conduct diversion for the water-sealed oil separation tank. The grease trap is discharged into the nearest rainwater pipe network after passing through the common water-sealed well.
In this case, the length of the environmental protection ditch exceeds 80 meters. Generally, it is between100-120m.
For the above two types of environmental protection ditches (1.3), the following materials are used for the water seal grease trap:
Water-sealed oil separation tank: finished FRP, with a total volume of 4 cubic meters. According to the situation, load-bearing or non-load-bearing equipment is used. The oil pollution in the water-sealed oil separation tank is collected by the movable recovery bucket and treated centrally on a regular basis.
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Environmental protection trench: concrete structure is adopted, and the trench width is 300mm；; The water grate in the environmental protection ditch is made of SMC composite material, with a bearing grade of D400 and a bearing capacity of 40 tons.
2. Domestic sewage
2. 1 Classification by Squatting Number
2. 1. 1.8 Ordinary gas stations below squatting position;
2. 1.2 service area gas station or parking lot gas station, generally 20-50 squats.
2. 1.3 the government requires a number of gas stations to be guarded.
2.2 septic tank volume selection
2.2. 1.8 The finished FRP septic tank with a total volume of 4 cubic meters should be selected for ordinary gas stations below squatting position. According to the situation
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Use load-bearing or non-load-bearing equipment.
2. 2. 2 20-50 squat gas stations shall choose 10-30m3 reinforced concrete septic tanks. If it is near the scenic spot, considering the actual situation of the scenic spot, consider holidays 1.5-2 times, or more.
2.3 Classification according to geographical location
2.3. 1 There is a municipal sewage pipe network gas station. Domestic sewage is discharged into the municipal sewage pipe network after being treated by septic tank;
2.3.2 No municipal sewage pipe network gas station. Because the gas station is remote and there is no municipal sewage pipe network, integrated sewage treatment equipment is designed according to the sewage discharge situation of the gas station. Make the treated drainage meet the Grade A standard of Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants (GB 189 18-2002) and be discharged into the sewage pipe network nearby.
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2.4 sewage comprehensive equipment principle and equipment selection and related requirements.
2.4. 1 principle of sewage integrated equipment: the process adopts "a pool +O pool+ozone disinfection process", which consists of regulating pool, anoxic pool, biological contact oxidation pool, sedimentation tank and disinfection. The ground is equipped with a control cabinet, which is completely controlled without special management. The operation process of the equipment is as follows: firstly, the sewage enters the regulating tank, impurities are removed through the grid, and the sewage is initially precipitated, and the quality and quantity of sewage in different periods are adjusted at the same time. Then enter an anoxic pool to create an anoxic state for sewage, anaerobic fermentation, hydrogen production, methane production and the like; Then flows into a contact oxidation tank for biodegradation, and the oxidation tank is filled with a filler with light weight, high strength and stable physical and chemical properties, so that the specific surface area is large and the biofilm adhesion ability is strong; At the same time, the aerator is used to blow and aerate, so that the fiber bundle keeps floating;
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Microbes grow rapidly, decompose organic matter in water, and remove COD and BOD5 in water. And then enters an inclined plate sedimentation tank, the surface load of the inclined plate is high, and the purpose of mud-water separation can be realized; Then enter the disinfection pool, and the solid chlorine tablets are automatically put into the disinfection pool by the dosing machine, which can automatically adjust the dosage according to the water output. The disinfected sewage reaches the sewage discharge standard and is discharged into the sewage pipe network outside the station.
2.4.2 Design effluent quality of sewage comprehensive equipment
The designed effluent quality shall meet the first-class discharge standard in the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants (GB 189 18-2002). See the following table for specific requirements:
Design effluent quality table
serial number
project
unit
Level I A standard of Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants (GB 189 18-2002)
1
CODCr
Mg/l
≤50
2
BOD5
Mg/l
≤ 10
three
sage
Mg/l
≤ 10
four
ammonia nitrogen
Mg/l
≤5(8)
five
Internet domain name code of East Timor
Mg/l
≤0.5
six
pH value
6~9
seven
Fecal Escherichia coli
individual
103
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2.4.3 Selection of sewage comprehensive equipment model
2.4.3. 1 8 squat position of ordinary gas station
(1) Equipment handling capacity: daily handling capacity 10m3/d, and hourly handling capacity not less than 0.5m? .
(2) Additional facilities:
1) reinforced concrete regulating tank with an effective volume of 3 cubic meters.
2) Bearing structure of sewage treatment equipment, with a volume of 8.5 cubic meters.
2.4.3.2 Erwukai squat gas station
(1) Equipment handling capacity: the daily handling capacity is 20-50m3/d, and the hourly handling capacity is not less than 1-2.5m? The cost is 0.2-0.4 million.
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(2) Additional facilities:
1) regulating tank: reinforced concrete structure, effective volume 15-30m3.
2) Bearing structure of sewage treatment equipment, with a volume of 20-50 cubic meters (green belt is recommended for large-scale treatment equipment).
2.4.3.3 equipment accessories and after-sales service
(1) All supporting pipes, valves and valve parts should consider the corrosiveness of sewage and long service life, and choose reasonable supporting materials, including engineering plastics and stainless steel.
(2) The selection of mechanical and electrical equipment should consider the automation management during the operation period, the maintenance problems in the later period and the simplicity of the operator's operation, so as to avoid the operator's dissatisfaction with some mechanical properties.
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Understand (such as improper use of engine oil, etc. ) lead to the operation accident of sewage treatment station. If the equipment fails, the manufacturer can track and maintain it in time.
3. Case 1
Case 1
1. A gas station in the urban area covers an area of 1265 square meters, the entrance and exit are 48 meters long, there are 5 squatting positions, 2 washbasins, 1 urinal, 1 mop pool, a shower water heater, 1 laundry room,/kloc-0.
(1) Main drainage facilities for oily sewage and rainwater:
Environmental protection ditch grate
DN300 bellows
4m？ Glass fiber reinforced plastic water seal grease trap (load-bearing)
Load-bearing rainwater well (load-bearing)
Load-bearing rainwater well (load-bearing) (water-sealed well)
50 meters
70 meters
1
four
1
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Note: the site is small, so it is enough to set up environmental protection ditch at the entrance and exit of gas station.
(2) Main outdoor domestic sewage facilities:
4m？ Glass fiber septic tank
DN200 bellows
Bearing sewage well (bearing)
Load-bearing sewage well (load-bearing) (water sealed well)
1
50 meters
three
1
Note: Domestic sewage is treated by septic tank and connected to municipal sewage pipe network.
Case 2
2. A gas station in the urban area covers an area of 1.300 square meters, the entrance and exit are 48 meters long, with five squatting positions, two washbasins, 1 urinal, 1 mop pool, a set of shower water heaters, 1 laundry room, 1 dish basin.
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(1) Main drainage facilities for oily sewage and rainwater:
Environmental protection ditch grate
DN300 bellows
4m？ Glass fiber reinforced plastic water seal grease trap (load-bearing)
Load-bearing rainwater well (load-bearing)
Load-bearing rainwater well (load-bearing) (water-sealed well)
50 meters
70 meters
1
four
1
Note: the site is small, so it is enough to set up environmental protection ditch at the entrance and exit of gas station.
(2) Main outdoor domestic sewage facilities:
4m？ Glass fiber septic tank
DN200 bellows
Bearing sewage well (bearing)
Load-bearing sewage well (load-bearing) (water sealed well)
Regulating pool (effective volume 3m3)
Bearing frame of sewage equipment (volume 8.5m3)
Sewage treatment equipment
1
50 meters
three
1
1
1
1
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Note: Domestic sewage is treated by septic tank and integrated sewage treatment equipment before being connected to municipal sewage pipe network.
Case 3
3. The gas station in a parking lot covers an area of 10000 square meters, with 46 squatting positions, 16 washbasins, 12 urinals, 4 mop pools, a shower water heater, 1 laundry room and 1 vegetable basin.
(1) Main drainage facilities for oily sewage and rainwater:
Environmental protection ditch grate
DN300 bellows
4m？ Glass fiber reinforced plastic water seal oil separation tank
Bearing rainwater well
Non-bearing rainwater well
Load-bearing rainwater sludge settling well
Load-bearing rainwater sealing well
120m
160m
1
six
1
1
1
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Note: Due to the large site, environmental protection ditches are set around the shed and oil unloading port.
(2) Main outdoor domestic sewage facilities:
30m？ Reinforced concrete septic tank
DN200 bellows
DN300 bellows
Non-load-bearing sewage sealing well
Non-bearing sewage well
20 cubic meters of non-load-bearing sewage treatment equipment
1
35 meters
25 meters
1
six
1 set
Note: Because this gas station is not a scenic spot or a service area of trunk highway, the flow of people is not large at ordinary times, so septic tanks and sewage treatment equipment are selected according to the reduction factor.
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