The five main categories of medical waste classification are: infectious waste, chemical waste, cutting waste, conventional waste, special waste.
1. Infectious waste
Includes infected gauze, bandages, gloves, syringes, needles, infusion sets and so on. These wastes may carry pathogens and require special handling to prevent the spread of infection.
2. Chemical waste
Includes expired or discarded medicines, chemical reagents, fluorescent tubes, batteries, discarded solvents and so on. These wastes may contain hazardous substances or chemicals and require specialized treatment and disposal.
3. Cutting waste
Includes surgical blades, needles, sharp glassware and so on. These wastes may cause puncture or injury to personnel and require safe packaging and disposal.
4. Routine Waste
Includes general waste generated in the general healthcare environment such as paper, plastics, food scraps, gauze, etc. These wastes can be disposed of through conventional waste segregation.
5. Special wastes
Includes radioactive materials, pathological wastes (e.g., tissue samples), and biomedical wastes (e.g., human organs, placenta, etc.). These wastes require special treatment and disposal to prevent harm to the environment and human health.
Medical waste treatment technology:
1, sterilization and disinfection method
Sterilization and disinfection treatment method is more, can be taken to high-temperature and high-pressure steam sterilization, chemical disinfection, microwave disinfection method. Sterilization and disinfection method is mainly through high temperature, high pressure, chemical reagents, a certain frequency or wavelength of microwave technology to destroy the living environment of microorganisms and viruses, reduce the degree of environmental hazards of medical waste.
Sterilization and disinfection method needs to choose different sterilization methods for different medical wastes, and there are many limiting factors for its sterilization effect, and due to the variety and difference of medical wastes, it may not be able to achieve the best sterilization effect.
2, high-temperature incineration method
According to research, 92% of the total weight of medical waste components for the combustible components, non-combustible components of only 8%, at a certain temperature and sufficient oxygen conditions, can be completely burned into ash. Incineration treatment is a deep oxidation of the chemical process, under the action of high-temperature flame, incineration equipment within the medical waste through the drying, ignition, incineration of the three stages will be transformed into residue and gas, pathogenic microorganisms and harmful substances in the incineration process is also due to the high temperature and the destruction of the effective, but also effective in realizing the reduction of capacity and weight.