BEIJING, Oct. 18 (Xinhua) -- The Central Committee's Proposal on Formulating the 11th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development (Adopted by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) on Oct. 11, 2005). (Adopted by the Plenary) The Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development (2006-2010) is an important plan in the process of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. It should conscientiously carry out the spirit of the 16th National Congress of the CPC and the Third and Fourth Plenums of the 16th CPC Central Committee, accurately grasp the situation at home and abroad, and put forward the development goals, guidelines and overall deployment that are in line with China's national conditions, meet the requirements of the times, and unite the people's will. I. The critical period of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way (1) Great achievements were made in economic and social development during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period. The "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period was an extraordinary five years. Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and the Important Thought of the Three Represents, we clearly put forward and earnestly implemented the Scientific Outlook on Development and the major strategic idea of building a harmonious socialist society, firmly grasped the development as the Party's first priority in ruling and developing the country, concentrated on construction and development, and continuously pushed forward reform and opening up, so that China's economic strength, comprehensive national strength and international status were significantly improved. and comprehensive national strength and international status have improved significantly. We have effectively curbed unstable and unhealthy factors in economic operation, successfully overcome the challenges of the SARS epidemic and major natural disasters, and gracefully coped with new changes after joining the World Trade Organization; the national economy has continued to develop at a relatively rapid pace; the pace of industrialization, urbanization, marketization and internationalization has accelerated; and the major development goals set in the Tenth Five-Year Plan have been achieved ahead of schedule. The major development goals set out in the Tenth Five-Year Plan have been achieved ahead of schedule, economic system reforms have been deepened, foreign trade has reached a new level, State revenues have increased substantially, the overall price level has remained basically stable, the livelihoods of people in urban and rural areas have improved further, national unity has continued to be consolidated, new progress has been made in various social undertakings, and socialist democratic politics and the building of spiritual civilization have continued to be strengthened. All these have laid a good foundation for the development of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period. Looking to the future, we stand at a new historical starting point. (2) The domestic and international environment for the 11th Five-Year Plan period. Peace, development and cooperation have become the trend of the times, the world's political power is conducive to maintaining the overall stability of the international environment, the trend of economic globalization, scientific and technological progress is rapidly changing, the flow of factors of production and the accelerated transfer of industries, China's interconnectedness with and influence on the world economy is increasingly deepening, the two domestic and international markets, two types of resources to complement each other, the external environment in general, is favorable to China's development. At the same time, the international environment is complex and volatile, the unstable and uncertain factors affecting peace and development have increased, the pressure of the developed countries to dominate in economy and science and technology will persist for a long time, the imbalance in the development of the world economy has worsened, the competition around resources, market, technology and talents has become more intense, and there are new manifestations of trade protectionism, which has posed a new challenge to China's economic and social development and security. China's economic and social development has entered a new phase, with the gradual upgrading of the consumption structure of the population, the acceleration of industrial restructuring and the process of urbanization; abundant labour resources, a high national savings rate, the continuous improvement of infrastructure, and a better foundation for scientific and technological education; the gradual improvement of the socialist market economic system, and the maintenance of long-term socio-political stability. These have created favorable conditions for sustained economic and social development. At the same time, it must be soberly recognized that China is and will long be in the primary stage of socialism, the productive forces are still underdeveloped, urban and rural regional development is unbalanced; the crude economic growth mode has not been fundamentally transformed, the economic structure is not reasonable enough, the ability of independent innovation is not strong, the economic and social development and resources and the environment of the contradiction is becoming increasingly prominent; the task of solving the "three rural" problem is quite difficult. The task of solving the "Three Rural Issues" is quite arduous; the pressure on employment is still large, and there are more contradictions in income distribution; the problems of the system and mechanism affecting development need to be solved urgently, and it is more difficult to deal with the relationship of social interests. We still face many difficulties and problems on the way forward. (3) The 11th Five-Year Plan is an important period of transition. The first two decades of this century are an important strategic opportunity period for China's development, and the 11th Five-Year Plan period is particularly critical. We must seize the opportunities and meet the challenges, earnestly resolve the outstanding contradictions and problems accumulated over a long period of time, break through the bottlenecks and institutional barriers to development, and create a new situation in socialist economic, political, cultural and social construction, so as to lay a solid foundation for smooth development in the next decade. We must have a high sense of historical responsibility, a strong sense of anxiety and a broad vision of the world, based on scientific development, focusing on independent innovation, improving the institutional mechanism, promoting social harmony, comprehensively improve China's comprehensive national strength, international competitiveness and risk-resistant capacity, and strive to advance the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. (4) Adhere to the scientific concept of development to lead the overall economic and social development. The formulation of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" should be guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of "Three Represents", and comprehensively implement the scientific concept of development. Adhere to the development is the hard truth, adhere to the development of the party's governance of the country's first priority, adhere to the economic construction as the center, adhere to the development and reform solutions to the problems ahead. Development must be scientific development, to adhere to the people-oriented, change the concept of development, innovative development model, improve the quality of development, the implementation of the "five coordinated", the economic and social development into a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development track. The following principles should be adhered to: - We must maintain stable and rapid economic development. Development should not only have a faster growth rate, but also focus on improving the quality and efficiency of growth, and accelerating the strategic adjustment of economic structure. Domestic demand must be further expanded, the relationship between investment and consumption adjusted, and the pulling effect of consumption on economic growth enhanced. We should correctly grasp the changes in economic development trends, maintain a basic balance between total social supply and demand, avoid major economic ups and downs, and realize fast and sound development. --Must accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic growth. China's land, fresh water, energy, mineral resources and environmental conditions have posed serious constraints on economic development. It is necessary to make resource conservation a basic national policy, develop a circular economy, protect the ecological environment, accelerate the construction of a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society, and promote economic development in harmony with population, resources and the environment. We will promote the informatization of the national economy and society, effectively take the new road of industrialization, and adhere to conservation, clean and safe development to achieve sustainable development. -It is necessary to improve the capacity for independent innovation. The realization of long-term sustainable development depends on scientific and technological progress and the improvement of the quality of the workforce. It is necessary to y implement the strategy of developing the country through science and education and the strategy of strengthening the country through talents, to take the enhancement of independent innovation capability as the strategic base for the development of science and technology and the central link in the adjustment of the industrial structure and the transformation of the growth mode, and to vigorously improve the capability of primitive innovation, integrated innovation, and the capability of introduction, digestion, absorption and re-innovation. --The coordinated development of urban and rural areas must be promoted. The difficulties in building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way lie in the rural and western regions. It is necessary to coordinate the development of urban and rural areas from the overall perspective of socialist modernization. We should insist on making the solution of the "three rural issues" the top priority of the Party's work, implementing industry to feed agriculture and cities to support the countryside, advancing the construction of new socialist villages, and promoting the healthy development of urbanization. The overall strategy of regional development should be implemented, and a mechanism for coordinated regional development should be formed in which the advantages of the East, the Middle East and the West complement each other and interact in a benign manner. -It is necessary to strengthen the construction of a harmonious society. Promoting social harmony is an important goal and a necessary condition for China's development. In accordance with the people-oriented requirements, we should start from solving the real problems of the people's immediate interests, pay more attention to the coordinated development of economy and society, accelerate the development of social undertakings, and promote the all-round development of human beings; pay more attention to social fairness, so as to enable all the people to *** enjoy the fruits of reform and development; pay more attention to the construction of democracy and law and order, and correctly deal with the relationship between reform, development and stabilization, so as to maintain the stability and unity of the society. --Reform and opening up must be deepened. The formation of a more dynamic and more open institutional environment is an inevitable requirement for the realization of scientific development. It is necessary to adhere to the reform direction of the socialist market economy, improve the modern enterprise system and the modern property rights system, establish a price formation mechanism reflecting the market supply and demand situation and the degree of resource scarcity, give greater play to the fundamental role of the market in resource allocation, improve the efficiency of resource allocation, effectively change the functions of the government, and improve the national macro-control system. It should coordinate domestic development and opening up to the outside world, continuously improve the level of opening up to the outside world, and enhance the ability to promote development under conditions of expanding opening up. The scientific outlook on development is the centralized embodiment of the worldview and methodology guiding development. To fully implement the scientific outlook on development, it is necessary to form a more powerful guarantee in terms of ideology, organization, style and system. It is necessary to deepen the understanding of the basic connotation and spiritual essence of the Scientific Outlook on Development, establish a comprehensive evaluation system for economic and social development that meets the requirements of the Scientific Outlook on Development, insist on starting from the actual situation, respect the people's spirit of initiative, consciously act in accordance with the objective law, and promote reform and opening up and socialist modernization in a solid manner. (5) Goals for economic and social development during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period. Taking into account the trends and conditions of China's development in the next five years, the 11th Five-Year Plan period will see the realization of sustained, rapid, coordinated and healthy development of the national economy and the overall progress of society, as well as the achievement of important stage-by-stage progress in building a moderately affluent society in an all-round way. The main objectives are: on the basis of optimizing structure, improving efficiency and reducing consumption, to double the per capita GDP in 2010 compared with 2000; to significantly improve the efficiency of resource utilization; to reduce energy consumption per unit of GDP by about 20% compared with the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan period; to basically curb the trend of deterioration of the ecological environment; to effectively control the reduction of arable land; to form a national economy that is sustainable, rapid, coordinated and healthy, and to achieve social progress. Excessive arable land will be effectively controlled; a group of advantageous enterprises with independent intellectual property rights and famous brands and strong international competitiveness will be formed; the socialist market economic system will be more complete, the open economy will reach a new level, and the balance of payments will be basically balanced; the nine-year compulsory education will be popularized and consolidated, the number of jobs in cities and towns will continue to increase, the social security system will be more sound, and the number of people in poverty will continue to decrease; the level of incomes of the urban and rural residents will generally improve, the overall price level will increase, and the quality of life will generally improve. quality of life in general, the overall price level basically stable, and conditions in terms of housing, transportation, education, culture, health and the environment have improved considerably; new progress has been made in the construction of democracy and the rule of law and in the building of spiritual civilization, and the situation of social security and production safety has improved further, so that new progress has been made in the building of a harmonious society. (3) Building a new socialist countryside (6) Actively promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas. Building a new socialist countryside is a major historical task in the process of China's modernization. In accordance with the requirements of productive development, affluent living, civilized countryside, clean villages and democratic management, we should adhere to the actual situation of each region, respect the wishes of farmers, and promote the construction of new rural areas in a solid and steady manner. Adhere to the "give more, take less and let live", increase the efforts of governments at all levels to increase investment in agriculture and rural areas, expand the scope of public **** financial coverage of the countryside, strengthen the government's public **** services to rural areas, and establish a long-term mechanism to promote agriculture with industry and bring the countryside to the city. Improve rural construction planning, and economize and intensively use land. Cultivate new types of farmers who are educated, skilled and able to run businesses, improve the overall quality of farmers, and significantly improve the conditions of production and living and the overall outlook of the vast countryside through the hard work of farmers and the support of national policies. (7) Promoting the construction of modern agriculture. Accelerate the progress of agricultural science and technology, strengthen the construction of agricultural facilities, adjust the structure of agricultural production, change the mode of agricultural growth, and improve the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture. Stabilize the development of grain production, implement high-quality grain industry projects, build large-scale commercial grain production bases, and ensure national food security. Optimize the layout of agricultural production, promote the industrialization of agricultural operations, promote the processing of agricultural products, transformation and value-added, and develop high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency, ecological and safe agriculture. Vigorously develop animal husbandry, protect natural pastures and build forage bases. Actively develop aquaculture, protect and rationally utilize fishery resources. Strengthen the construction of farmland water conservancy, renovate medium- and low-yield fields, and improve land preparation. Improve the level of agricultural mechanization, accelerate agricultural standardization, and improve the system of agricultural technology promotion, agricultural product market, agricultural product quality and safety, and animal and plant pest prevention and control. Actively implement water-saving irrigation, scientific use of fertilizers and pesticides, and promote sustainable agricultural development. (8) Comprehensively deepen rural reform. Stabilize and improve the two-tier management system based on family contracting and combining unification and division; where conditions exist, land contracting rights can be transferred in accordance with the principle of voluntariness and compensation, and various forms of moderate-scale management can be developed. It has consolidated the achievements of the rural tax and fee reform, comprehensively pushed forward the comprehensive reform of rural areas, and basically completed the reform tasks of township organizations, rural compulsory education, and the financial management system of counties and townships. It has deepened the reform of the rural financial system, standardized the development of financial organizations suited to the characteristics of rural areas, explored and developed agricultural insurance, and improved rural financial services. It will adhere to the strictest arable land protection system, accelerate the reform of the land requisition system, and improve the reasonable compensation mechanism for farmers whose land has been requisitioned. Deepen the reform of the rural circulation system and actively develop rural markets. Gradually establish a unified urban and rural labor market and a fair and competitive employment system, and safeguard the rights and interests of urban migrant workers in accordance with the law. Enhance the service functions of village-level collective economic organizations. Encourage and guide farmers to develop all kinds of professional cooperative economic organizations, and raise the degree of organization in agriculture. Strengthening rural Party organizations and grass-roots power building, and improving the mechanism of vibrant villagers' self-governance under the leadership of village Party organizations. (9) Vigorously developing rural public **** undertakings. Accelerating the development of rural culture and education, focusing on the popularization and consolidation of nine-year compulsory education in rural areas, exempting rural students from miscellaneous fees, and providing free textbooks and subsidies for boarding and living expenses to students from poor families. The construction of rural public **** health and basic medical service systems has been strengthened, a new rural cooperative medical system has basically been established, and the prevention and treatment of diseases affecting human beings and animals **** has been strengthened. A system of incentives and support for rural family planning families is being implemented, as well as a poverty-alleviation project entitled "Fewer Children, Faster Riches". Distance education and radio and television broadcasting are being developed. It is increasing investment in rural infrastructure, accelerating the construction of rural roads, developing rural communications, continuing to improve rural power grids, and gradually resolving the difficulties and safety problems of rural drinking water. Vigorously popularize rural biogas, and actively develop clean energy suitable for rural areas. (10) Increase farmers' incomes by all means. Comprehensive measures will be taken to open up a wide range of channels for farmers to increase their incomes. Fully tap the potential for increasing income within agriculture, expand the production of labor-intensive products such as farming and horticulture and green food, and strive to open up markets for agricultural products. Vigorously develop county economies, strengthen skills training for rural laborers, guide the orderly transfer of surplus laborers to non-agricultural industries and towns, and drive the development of township enterprises and small towns. Continue to improve the existing agricultural subsidy policy, maintain a reasonable level of agricultural product prices, and gradually establish an agricultural support and protection system in line with national conditions. It will intensify poverty alleviation and development, improve the quality of the population in impoverished areas, improve basic production and living conditions, and open up ways to increase income. The whole-village approach to poverty alleviation and development is being implemented in accordance with local conditions. The poverty-stricken population in areas lacking the conditions for survival will be relocated to alleviate poverty, and a relief system will be set up for the poor who have lost the ability to work. (11) Promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure (11) Upgrading the technological level of industries through independent innovation. Developing advanced manufacturing industries, increasing the proportion of service industries and strengthening the infrastructure of basic industries are important tasks in the adjustment of industrial structure, and the key is to comprehensively enhance the capability of independent innovation, strive to master core and key technologies, enhance the ability to transform scientific and technological achievements, and raise the overall technological level of industries. To establish a technological innovation system which is enterprise-oriented, market-oriented, and combines production, learning and research, and to form a basic institutional structure for independent innovation. Vigorously develop high and new technologies that have a significant driving effect on economic and social development, support the development of major industrial technologies, formulate important technical standards, and build a technological foundation for independent innovation. It will strengthen the construction of national engineering centers and enterprise technology centers, encourage applied technology research and development institutions to enter enterprises, give full play to the innovation vitality of all kinds of enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, and encourage technological innovation and invention. It will implement fiscal, taxation, financial and government procurement policies that support independent innovation, develop entrepreneurial venture capital, strengthen intermediary services such as technical consultation and technology transfer, and improve the incentive mechanism for independent innovation. Increase the protection of intellectual property rights, improve the intellectual property rights protection system, and optimize the innovation environment. Eliminate backward technology and techniques in accordance with the law, and close enterprises that destroy resources, pollute the environment and do not have safe production conditions. (12) Accelerate the development of advanced manufacturing industry. Adhere to information technology to drive industrialization, the extensive application of high-tech and advanced technology to upgrade the manufacturing industry, the formation of more well-known brands with independent intellectual property rights, to play an important role in supporting the economic development of the manufacturing industry. Equipment manufacturing industry, relying on key construction projects, adhere to the combination of independent innovation and technology introduction, strengthen policy support, improve the level of major technology and equipment localization, especially in efficient and clean power generation and transmission, large-scale petrochemicals, advanced and applicable transportation equipment, high-grade CNC machine tools, automation control, integrated circuit equipment and advanced power devices and other areas to achieve breakthroughs, improve R & D design, core components, processing, manufacturing and system integration. The overall level of R&D and design, core components, processing and manufacturing, and system integration will be improved. High-tech industry should accelerate the extension from processing and assembly to independent R&D and manufacturing, and vigorously develop information, biology, new materials, new energy, aerospace and other industries in accordance with the requirements of industrial agglomeration, scale development and expansion of international cooperation, so as to cultivate more new growth points. Information industry, according to the overall trend of digitalization, networking, intelligence, vigorously develop integrated circuits, software and other core industries, focusing on the cultivation of digital audio and video, a new generation of mobile communications, high-performance computers and network equipment and other information industry clusters, to strengthen the development of information resources and **** enjoy, and promote the popularization and application of information technology. Bio-industry, to give full play to China's unique resource advantages and technological advantages, oriented to health, agriculture, environmental protection, energy and materials and other areas of major demand, and strive to achieve new breakthroughs in the development of key technologies and important products. National defense science and technology industry, to adhere to the combination of military and civilian, military in the people, continue to adjust and optimize the structure, improve the coordination mechanism of military-civilian interaction and cooperation, improve the level of research and development and manufacturing of products, and enhance the ability to convert the war. (13) Promote the accelerated development of the service industry. It will formulate and improve policies and measures to promote the development of the service industry, vigorously develop modern service industries such as finance, insurance, logistics, information and legal services, actively develop industries with high demand potential such as culture, tourism and community services, and use modern business methods and information technology to transform and upgrade the traditional service industry, so as to increase the proportion and level of the service industry. Adhering to the direction of marketization, industrialization and socialization, an open, equal and standardized industry access system should be established, and for-profit public service units should gradually implement entrepreneurial operation and develop large-scale service enterprise groups with strong competitiveness. Large cities should prioritize the development of the service industry, and those in a position to do so should gradually form an industrial structure dominated by the service economy. (14) Strengthen the infrastructure construction of basic industries. In the energy industry, it is necessary to strengthen the policy orientation of conservation and efficient utilization, adhere to the priority of conservation, based on domestic, coal-based, diversified development, and construct a stable, economic and clean energy supply system. The construction of large coal bases, the adjustment and transformation of small and medium-sized coal mines, the development and utilization of coal-bed methane, and encouragement of coal-power joint ventures. Optimize the development of coal power with a focus on large-scale and high-efficiency units, develop hydropower in an orderly manner on the basis of ecological protection, actively develop nuclear power, strengthen the construction of power grids, and expand the scale of west-to-east power transmission. We will implement the parallel development of oil and gas, strengthen domestic oil and gas exploration and development, expand overseas cooperation and development, enhance the capacity of strategic petroleum reserves, and steadily develop petroleum substitution products. Accelerate the development of renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and biomass energy. Water conservancy construction should strengthen the governance of large rivers and streams, coordinate upstream and downstream, surface and groundwater allocation, control groundwater exploitation, actively carry out seawater desalination, strengthen the management of water resources development and utilization, and improve flood and drought prevention capabilities. Transportation, to rationalize the layout, to do a good job of various modes of transport interconnection, give full play to the combination of efficiency and overall advantage, the formation of convenient, smooth, efficient and safe integrated transportation system. Accelerate the development of railroads and urban rail transportation, further improve the highway network, and develop aviation, water transportation and pipeline transportation. Strengthen the construction of information infrastructure such as broadband communication network, digital TV network and next-generation Internet, promote the "Three Networks Convergence", and improve the information security guarantee system. Raw material industry, according to the conditions of energy resources and environmental capacity, efforts to adjust the product structure, enterprise organizational structure and industrial layout, improve product quality and technology content. Mineral development should strengthen the geological exploration of important mineral resources, increase the geological reserves of resources, standardize the development order, implement rational exploitation and comprehensive utilization, improve the system of compensated use of resources, and promote international cooperation in resource development and utilization technology. It is necessary to strengthen the overall planning, scientific proof and information guidance for the construction of major infrastructures and basic industries, so as to prevent blind duplication of construction and waste of resources. (15) To form a reasonable regional development pattern. Continue to promote the development of the western region, revitalize the old industrial bases in the northeastern region, promote the rise of the central region, and encourage the eastern region to take the lead in development. The western region should accelerate the pace of reform and opening up, strengthen infrastructure construction and ecological environmental protection, accelerate the development of science and technology, education and human resources development, give full play to the advantages of resources, and vigorously develop characteristic industries to enhance self-development capacity. The northeastern region should accelerate industrial restructuring and reform and restructuring of state-owned enterprises, develop modern agriculture, focus on revitalizing the equipment manufacturing industry, promote the economic transformation of resource-exhausted cities, and achieve revitalization in the reform and opening up. The central region should focus on the construction of the main grain-producing areas, develop energy and manufacturing industries with comparative advantages, strengthen infrastructure construction, accelerate the establishment of a modern market system, and rise in playing the advantages of the East and the West and industrial development. The eastern region should strive to improve its capacity for independent innovation, accelerate structural optimization and upgrading and the transformation of its mode of growth, raise the level of its export-oriented economy, and enhance its international competitiveness and capacity for sustainable development. The State will continue to increase its support for the central and western regions in terms of economic policies, capital investment and industrial development. The development of the eastern region is an important basis for supporting the coordinated development of the region, and it is necessary to drive and help the development of the central and western regions in taking the lead in development. Based on the carrying capacity and development potential of resources and the environment, each region should define the functional positioning of different regions in accordance with the different requirements of optimizing development, focusing on development, restricting development and prohibiting development, and formulate corresponding policies and evaluation indexes, so as to gradually form a regional development pattern with its own characteristics. Develop and protect marine resources and actively develop the marine economy. (16) Improve regional coordination and interaction mechanisms. Forming an interactive mechanism of mutual promotion and complementary advantages among regions is an important way to realize coordinated regional development. Improve the market mechanism, break the limitations of administrative divisions, promote the free flow of production factors between regions, and guide the transfer of industries. To improve the cooperation mechanism, encourage and support regions to carry out various forms of regional economic cooperation and technical and human resources cooperation, and to form a pattern of bringing the East to the West and developing the East, the Middle East and the West*** together. To improve the mechanism of mutual assistance, developed regions should take the form of counterpart support and social donations to help less developed regions. To improve the support mechanism, in accordance with the principle of equalization of public ****services, to increase national support for less developed regions, and to accelerate the economic and social development of the old revolutionary regions, ethnic regions, border regions and poor regions. (17) Promoting the healthy development of urbanization. Adhere to the coordinated development of large, medium-sized and small cities and towns, improve the comprehensive carrying capacity of cities and towns, and actively and steadily promote urbanization in accordance with the principles of gradual and orderly progress, land conservation, intensive development and rational layout. The Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta and the Bohai Rim should continue to play a driving and radiating role in the economic development of the hinterland, strengthen the division of labor and complementarity of advantages among cities in the region, and enhance the overall competitiveness of the urban agglomerations. Continue to play the role of special economic zones and Shanghai Pudong New Area, and promote the development and opening up of Tianjin Binhai New Area and other areas with better conditions, so as to drive regional economic development. In regions where conditions are favorable, with megacities and large cities as leaders, a number of new city clusters with less land, more employment, strong factor gathering capacity and reasonable population distribution will be formed through integrated planning. In regions with dispersed populations and poor resource conditions, emphasis will be placed on the development of existing cities, county towns and conditional towns. It will establish and improve systems of finance and taxation, land acquisition, administration and public ****services that are compatible with the healthy development of urbanization, and improve the management of household registration and the floating population. Coordinate regional planning, urban planning and land-use planning, improve the human environment, maintain local characteristics and improve the level of urban management. Sixth, building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society (18) vigorously develop a circular economy. The development of circular economy is an important way to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society and realize sustainable development. Adhering to the principle of equal emphasis on development and conservation and giving priority to conservation, and in accordance with the principles of reduction, reuse and resourcing, it has vigorously pushed forward the conservation of energy, water, land and materials, strengthened the comprehensive utilization of resources, perfected the system of recycling and utilization of renewable resources, and comprehensively implemented cleaner production, so as to form a conservation-oriented mode of growth that is characterized by low inputs, low consumption, low emissions and high efficiency. It is actively developing and popularizing resource-saving, substitution and recycling technologies, accelerating the technological transformation of enterprises to save energy and reduce consumption, implementing a mandatory elimination system for high-consumption, polluting and technologically outdated processes and products, and implementing pricing and fiscal policies conducive to resource conservation. In key industries such as metallurgy, building materials, chemical industry and electric power, as well as in industrial parks and a number of cities, pilot projects on circular economy have been carried out, laws and regulations have been improved, and effective modes of developing circular economy have been explored. Strengthen the awareness of conservation, encourage the production and use of energy- and water-saving products, energy- and environmentally-friendly vehicles, develop energy- and land-saving buildings, and form a healthy and civilized consumption pattern that saves resources. (19) Increase efforts to protect the environment. Adhere to prevention-oriented and comprehensive management, strengthen the prevention and control of pollution at source and protect the ecology, and resolutely change the situation of pollution before treatment and pollution while treatment. All regions and departments should take the protection of the environment as a major task, take strict and powerful measures to reduce the total amount of pollutant emissions, and effectively solve the outstanding problems affecting economic and social development, especially those that seriously jeopardize people's health. Improve the environmental quality of key watersheds and regions as soon as possible, increase the prevention and control of water pollution in the Three Rivers and Three Lakes, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, and the sources and routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Program, and actively prevent and control surface pollution in the countryside, especially to protect the sources of drinking water. Comprehensively manage the environment of large and medium-sized cities, strengthen the prevention and control of industrial pollution, accelerate the treatment of sulfur dioxide in coal-fired power plants, pay attention to the control of greenhouse gas emissions, and properly deal with domestic garbage and hazardous wastes. It will further improve the environmental regulatory system, enhance the capacity of environmental supervision, step up environmental protection law enforcement, and implement total emission control, emission licensing and environmental impact assessment systems. Vigorously develop the environmental protection industry, establish a socialized and diversified environmental protection investment and financing mechanism, and use economic means to promote the market-oriented process of pollution control. (20) Effectively protect the natural ecology. Adhere to the priority of protection and orderly development, focusing on controlling unreasonable resource development activities, and strengthening the ecological protection of natural resources such as water, land, forests, grasslands and oceans. It will continue to promote ecological projects such as the protection of natural forests, returning farmland to forests, returning pasture to grassland, the treatment of the Beijing-Tianjin wind and sand source, the treatment of soil erosion, the protection of wetlands, and the treatment of desertification and rocky desertification, and will strengthen the ecological protection and management of nature reserves, important ecological functional zones, and coastal zones, so as to effectively conserve biodiversity and promote the restoration of the natural ecosystems. Preventing foreign harmful species from infringing on our ecosystems. Accelerate the establishment of an ecological compensation mechanism in accordance with the principle that whoever develops should protect and whoever benefits should be compensated. VII. Deepening Institutional Reform and Raising the Level of Openness to the World (21) Improving institutional safeguards for the implementation of the scientific concept of development. As China is in an aggressive stage of reform, it must accelerate reform with greater determination, so as to make breakthroughs in major institutional reforms related to the overall situation of economic and social development. Focusing on transforming government functions and deepening reforms of enterprises, taxation and finance, we will accelerate the improvement of the socialist market economic system and form a mechanism conducive to transforming the mode of economic growth and promoting comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development. Further expand opening up to the outside world, and promote reform and development through opening up. Strengthen the overall guidance and coordination of reform and opening-up, focusing on the effective reform and opening-up measures standardized, institutionalized and legalized. (22) Efforts will be made to promote the reform of the administrative management system. Accelerating the reform of the administrative system is the key to comprehensively deepening the reform and improving the level of opening up. Continue to promote the separation of government and enterprises, government and capital, government affairs, and government and market intermediary organizations, and reduce and standardize administrative approvals. Governments at all levels should strengthen their social management and public ****service functions, and should not directly intervene in the business activities of enterprises. Deepen the reform of government institutions, optimize the organizational structure, reduce the number of administrative layers, rationalize the division of responsibilities, promote e-government, improve administrative efficiency and reduce administrative costs. Classify and promote reform of public institutions. Deepen the reform of the investment system, improve the investment approval and filing system, standardize the government's investment behavior, and improve the government's investment decision-making responsibility system. Accelerate the construction of the rule of law government, comprehensively promote administration in accordance with the law, and improve the scientific and democratic decision-making mechanism and administrative supervision mechanism. (23) Adhere to and improve the basic economic system. Adhere to the public ownership system as the main body, a variety of ownership economy *** with the development. Increase efforts to adjust the layout and structure of the state-owned economy, further promote the concentration of state-owned capital in important industries and key areas that have a bearing on national security and the lifeblood of the national economy, and enhance the control of the state-owned economy to play a leading role. Accelerate shareholding reform of large state-owned enterprises and improve corporate governance structure. Deepen the reform of monopolized industries, liberalize market access, and diversify investment and property rights. Accelerate the establishment of a state-owned capital management budget system, establish and improve the regulatory system for financial assets, non-operational assets and natural resource assets, and prevent the loss of state-owned assets. Continue to deepen the reform of collective enterprises and develop various forms of collective economy. Vigorously develop individual, private and other non-publicly owned economies, and encourage and support non-publicly owned economies to participate in the reform of state-owned enterprises and to enter the fields of financial services, public utilities and infrastructure. Individual and private enterprises are being guided to innovate their systems, and services and supervision of non-publicly owned enterprises are being strengthened and improved. All types of enterprises should effectively safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of employees.