Answer: It can be divided into three kinds of large, major and general.
2, the enterprise why should adhere to the "management of production must manage safety" policy?
A: management of production must also manage safety, which is one of the basic principles of socialism, our enterprises are socialist enterprises, the workers are the masters of the enterprise, one of the sacred duties of our socialist state and enterprises is to protect the safety and health of workers, to protect the national property and the safety of the people, and to make every effort to avoid all avoidable accidents and injuries in production and labor, as well as other activities. casualty accidents; secondly, the optimization goal of the enterprise is the unity of high production, low consumption, high quality and safety; ignoring safety and one-sidedly pursuing output and production value cannot achieve the optimization goal. The occurrence of major casualty accidents, not only to the enterprise, but also may give the environment, to the community, and even in the international community to cause a bad impact, resulting in irreparable losses.
3. What is the content of production safety target management?
Answer: (1) to determine the practical target value;
(2) according to the requirements of the safety decision-making and objectives, the development of the implementation of the method;
(3) the provision of specific assessment standards and rewards and penalties;
(4) the production safety objectives must be linked with the production responsibility system of the enterprise;
(5) the management of production safety objectives must be linked with the enterprise business contract responsibility system;
(6) enterprises and their competent departments to the implementation of the division of production safety target management to carry out regular inspections and assessments.
4. What is the role of the power test?
Answer: through the power test pen power test can obviously verify whether the power outage equipment is no voltage, in order to prevent the emergence of electric installation of ground wire or electric grounding knife gate and other malicious accidents.
5, the task of labor protection includes which aspects?
Answer: (1) to take a variety of comprehensive safety and technical measures to reduce and eliminate casualties;
(2) to take a variety of labor hygiene measures to prevent and eliminate occupational diseases and occupational hazards;
(3) to improve labor conditions, reduce labor intensity;
(4) to improve the combination of work and rest;
(5) according to the reproductive characteristics of women, women's special protection;
(6) to protect women's reproductive characteristics. characteristics and special protection for women;
(6) ensuring the smooth development of economic construction.
6. What are the main provisions of the Enterprise Law on labor protection?
A: Enterprises must carry out the system of work safety, improve working conditions, do a good job of labor protection and environment, and achieve safe and civilized production; employees have the right to enjoy labor protection, labor insurance, vacation and rest in accordance with the law; and the Council of Employees has the right to review and agree with or negate the enterprise's program of labor protection measures.
7. What are the contents of special protection for female workers?
Answer: The main contents include that pregnant and breastfeeding female workers shall not be arranged to engage in serious toxic and harmful work and heavy physical labor; female workers shall be given leave according to the regulations when they give birth to a child and undergo birth control surgery; and protection shall be given to female workers during their menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, and menopause.
8, tree branches in contact with live wires, why prohibit people from approaching?
Answer: branches contact bare wire, branches, tree body will be charged, endangering personal safety, so to prevent people from approaching. When the insulated conductor contacts the branches, the branches will wear down the wire insulation, and the branches will directly contact the metal part of the wire, so that the branches and the body of the tree will be electrified.
9. Why is it necessary to have a work ticket issuer, person in charge of the work, and work authorizer?
Answer: the establishment of the work ticket issuer, the person in charge of the work, the work permits the person the purpose of the three is to establish a clear division of labor, each responsible for their own responsibilities, mutual supervision, mutual constraints on the mechanism, which is the implementation of the "safety first, prevention first" policy of effective measures.
10, what is the three levels of safety education?
Answer: Enterprises must be safe for new workers in the factory education, workshop education, group education; for the transfer of new types of work, to take the new technology, new techniques, new equipment, new materials, workers, must be a new post, new operating methods of safety and health education, the educated, after passing the examination, before being allowed to operate.
11, what is called low-voltage power grid?
A: by the 380/220 volt distribution lines and the user's electrical equipment composed of the whole, called low-voltage power grid.
12, the basic principles of accident prevention?
A: (1) accidents can be prevented; (2) prevention is better than cure; (3) eradication of possible causes of accidents; (4) the principle of comprehensive treatment.
13, 10 kV and above high-voltage system and 380 volt system outage hanging ground wire, what is the difference between the safety tools used?
Answer: in the 10 kV system blackout equipment hanging ground wire, must make insulated pole and wear insulated gloves; and in the 380-volt system blackout equipment hanging ground wire, allowing only one kind of insulated tools, that is, insulated pole or wear insulated gloves. This is where it differs.
14.Why is it necessary to do a thorough inspection after the pole is up and off the ground?
Answer: when the pole is just lifted off the ground, the lifting equipment has been subjected to the maximum load. At this point, the lifting should be stopped, the draught point for a comprehensive inspection, in order to find problems in a timely manner to avoid accidents. When the pole up 60 degrees should be slowed down, so that it is accurately in place, and to prevent tipping in the opposite direction.
15, what is the safe voltage? China's safety voltage rating of the level of how many?
A: safe voltage is to prevent electrocution accident surface adopted by the specific power supply voltage series. Safety voltage ratings are 42, 36, 24, 12, 6 volts.
16, what is the protective grounding? What is the role?
A: the normal situation is not charged, but in case of failure may be charged electrical equipment shell, frame, bracket through the ground and the earth connected to the protective grounding. The role of the metal part of the electrical equipment is not charged and the grounding body for a good metal connection between the grounding point to reduce the voltage to ground, to avoid the risk of human electric shock.
17, why insulated boots, insulated gloves and other rubber products, not in contact with petroleum-based grease?
A: insulating boots, insulating gloves, insulating mats and other rubber products and petroleum-based grease contact is prone to chemical reactions that corrode and reduce the insulation of insulating materials, and premature aging, failure.
18, why use the back of the finger to contact the blackout body, not the front of the finger to contact?
Answer: When the power outage equipment in case of charged, the hand and arm will naturally be drawn from the arms, which is safer than the front of the hand to contact the conductor.
19, working on electrical equipment, to ensure the safety of technical measures?
Answer: (1) blackout; (2) check the power; (3) install grounding wire; (4) hanging indication sign; (5) installing cover
20, why should perform work permit procedures?
Answer: drums cited to fulfill the purpose of the work permit procedures, is to complete the safety measures, to further strengthen the sense of responsibility for the work. Ensure that nothing is taken by an indispensable "gatekeeper" measures. Therefore, must be completed after the completion of the safety measures to fulfill the work permit procedures.
21, what is meant by frequency stabilization?
A: refers to the system after a sudden large active imbalance, through the hot standby power or automatic removal of part of the load to maintain the whole system or the subsystem after the release of the frequency does not fall below the dangerous value, but in the unified frequency stable operation.
22, what are the common faults of lighting lines?
Answer: the main short-circuit, disconnection and leakage of three.
23, the current through the human body causes death?
A: Because the current through the human body, harming the management of the heart and respiratory function of the brain nerve center, resulting in the normal work of the heart is damaged, breathing stops, resulting in death.
24. What are the main factors affecting electrocution?
Answer: (1) the size of the current through the human body; (2) the current through the human body time; (3) the current through the human body pathway; (4) the frequency of the current through the human body; (5) the health of the electrocution.
25, how to make the electrocuted person quickly from the power source?
Answer: (1) cut off the power supply; (2) such as cutting off the power supply is difficult, can be used to dry sticks, bamboo poles or other insulating objects will be the power supply to pick apart, or with insulating objects with wire cutters to cut the wire, so that electrocution from the power supply; (3) if someone is electrocuted in a higher place, should be quickly pulled away from the power switch or use the phone to notify the local power department to stop the electricity, and at the same time to take protective measures to prevent the cut off of the power supply! After the electrocution of people falling from a high place.
26, the bridge crane (traveling crane) what are the causes of accidents?
A: (1) the lack of safety education, in the operation of the energy is not concentrated, or illegal operation; (2) safety devices are incomplete or malfunctioning; (3) no operator's license to drive; (4) mechanical failures, track bias derailment of the overhead crane; (5) lifting poorly bundled, broken lifting rope, and so on.
27, lifting equipment, "ten do not hang" what is the content?
Answer: (1) oblique hanging not hanging; (2) overloading not hanging; (3) bulk loaded too full or not securely tied not hanging; (4) the command signal is not clear not hanging; (5) hanging sharp edges without protective measures not hanging; (6) hanging on the lifting of people not hanging; (7) buried in the ground components not hanging; (8) the safety device failure not hanging; (9) the light is too dark to see the lifting of things not hanging; (10) six Above strong winds do not hang.
28, lifting equipment, why the technical examination?
A: lifting equipment is generally used to lift heavy objects and move in the space for a device, because of its complexity and load-bearing capacity, in case of failure, will lead to serious consequences, so the newly installed, after overhauling or changing the important performance of the lifting equipment, before use must be carried out a technical examination. The main content of the technical test includes: no load test, static load test and dynamic load test.
29, what is called unsafe behavior? Name a few types of unsafe behavior.
A: unsafe behavior refers to human error that can cause accidents. Such as operating errors, ignoring safety, ignoring warnings, using equipment without safety devices, operating with hands instead of tools, not wearing a helmet.
30, what are the main causes of mechanical injury?
Answer: (1) work, fixtures, tools are not strong, not secure, resulting in objects flying out; (2) defective equipment, guards, protective baffles, etc., missing or arbitrarily removed; (3) the operation site is cluttered, the road is not clear; (4) the metal cutting splash; (5) violation of the rules of the operation and so on.
31, which parts of mechanical equipment should be equipped with guards and safety devices?
Answer: in the mechanical equipment of the drive belt, Ming gears, close to the ground of the connecting joints, pulleys, rotating shafts, flywheels, grinding wheels and saws and other dangerous parts, should be equipped with guards.
The spinning parts of presses, mills, calenders, electric planers, shears and other pressure machinery should be equipped with safety devices.
32, welders should pay attention to what matters when welding?
Answer: (1) to prevent spattering of metal causing burns and fire; (2) to prevent the arc light radiation on the human body; (3) to prevent poisoning by certain hazardous gases; (4) in the welding of pressure vessels, to prevent the welding of explosions; (5) work at height, with a safety belt and helmet; (6) pay attention to avoid electrocution accidents.
33, generally accustomed to 36 volts as a safe voltage, the human body for a long time in contact with 36 volts will not be dangerous? Why?
A: There is a danger. Because people in direct contact with 36 volts, are in the spasm above and below the fibrillation of the region, are not necessarily safe. 36 volts as a safe voltage is conditional, there is a time limit, is relatively safe, rather than absolute safety.
34, what is called occupational hazards? Occupational hazards are divided into which categories?
A: In the production process and production environment in the existence of factors that may be harmful to human health is called occupational hazard factors.
Occupational hazards can be divided into three categories: first, chemical factors, including production of poisons and dust; second, physical factors, including adverse meteorological conditions, abnormal air pressure, non-ionizing radiation, ionizing radiation, noise and vibration, and so on; and third, biological factors, mainly microorganisms and parasites on the human body.
35. What are the characteristics of occupational diseases?
Answer: (1) there is a clear cause of disease; (2) most of the occupational hazards leading to occupational diseases can be detected, and need to reach a certain level, in order to cause disease; (3) there is often a certain incidence in the population exposed to the same factors; (4) there are certain clinical symptoms; (5) a lot of occupational diseases, there is no effective treatment; (6) occupational diseases can be prevented.
36, leakage protector function? What is the scope of application?
A: leakage protector function is mainly a fatal risk of personal electric shock to provide indirect contact protection. Its scope of application is AC 50HZ rated voltage 380 volts, rated current to 250 amps.
37, what are the hazards of dust on the human body?
Answer: (1) local effects, that is, the skin, cornea, mucous membranes and other local irritation, resulting in a series of lesions; (2) toxic effects, that is, inhalation of toxic dust, which can be absorbed in the bronchial tubes and alveolar walls after the dissolution of the toxicity phenomenon; (3) occupational respiratory diseases, including pneumoconiosis, dust deposition and respiratory tumors and so on.
38, how to prevent the occurrence of silicosis?
Answer: (1) strengthen the dust hazard publicity and education work; (2) improve the production process, accelerate the renovation and renewal of equipment; (3) strengthen the ventilation measures, the dust source of airtight or local suction; (4) regular inspection of the physical condition of workers in the dust operation, and timely transfer of workers who are not suitable to work in that condition; (5) strengthen the use of personal protective gear.
39、How many meters above the reference plane is the work on the heights? How is the level of work at height divided?
Answer: 2 meters above the reference plane for the work of heights. Ascending operation is divided into four levels: first-level ascent operation 2-5 meters; second-level ascent operation 5-15 meters; third-level ascent operation 15-30 meters; special-level ascent operation more than 30.
40, the development of fire prevention measures should be based on what?
A: (1) to prevent personal injury and death; (2) to ensure the safety of property; (3) to ensure smooth production; (4) to prevent the first signs of fire.
41, agricultural and electrical equipment transportation, should pay attention to what?
Answer: in the low-voltage equipment transportation, concrete components transportation is larger. In the concrete components, to cement pole transportation accounted for the largest proportion, followed by spools and distribution transformers. Cement poles are relatively slender and bulky components, adding to the difficulties of transportation. If there is negligence, the light is equipment damage, personnel injury, or serious scrap, casualties. Therefore, the transportation of cement poles, must pay special attention to.
42, "Electricity Production Accident Investigation Regulations" stipulates that, where the accident caused by what circumstances, should be held responsible for the leadership?
A: (1) violation of safety duties or enterprise production responsibility system is not implemented; (2) implementation of the superior and the unit proposed safety requirements and anti-accident measures are unfavorable; (3) issued to the repetitive accidents can not be strong to stop; (4) unfavorable safety training of employees, the examination is not strict, resulting in employees can not be safe operators; (5) the site rules and regulations are not sound; (6) the site of the safety protection device , safety work equipment and personal protective equipment is incomplete or unqualified; (7) major equipment defects are not organized in a timely manner to remove; (8) against the rules of command to force workers to take risks or work against the rules.
43, why the loading and unloading of poles to put forward strict requirements?
Answer: Because the poles are round and straight, especially the cement poles smooth surface, weight and large, in loading and unloading and handling the most easy to roll, if not pay attention to, may hurt. In the agricultural power construction, loading and unloading of electric pole injury accidents occur from time to time, for this reason, the regulations put forward special requirements to prevent accidents.
44, "electric power system safety management work" stipulated in the provisions of the multi-service enterprise safety production goal is what?
A: to achieve no deaths, no serious injuries, no major fires, no major equipment accidents, no major traffic accidents.
45, "Work Safety Regulations" stipulates that new personnel must undergo what training and pass the examination before being licensed to work?
Answer: new operators and dispatchers (including technicians) must go through the steps of learning on-site regulations and systems, on-site apprenticeship and shadowing; 200MW and above units of the main post operators, should also be qualified by the simulator training.
46, why is it strictly prohibited to work on the poles in case of fog, thunderstorms or gusts of more than five winds?
Answer: As fog reduces visibility and makes the pole surface slippery, easy to cause work errors or personal accidents. During thunderstorms, there are more chances for lightning to fall on the line, jeopardizing staff safety. When it is windy, due to external forces, broken lines and downed poles may occur. Therefore, in the above weather conditions, it is strictly prohibited to work on the pole.
47. What are the safety objectives of the electric power production enterprises, workshops (work areas) and work groups of the Work Safety Regulations?
Answer: (1) enterprises to control serious injuries and accidents, no personal deaths and major equipment accidents; generation, transmission, transformation and distribution accident rate, the number of unplanned outages of the unit, the availability coefficient and the reliability of power supply are in line with the requirements of the higher level; (2) workshops (work areas) to control obstacles and minor injuries, no serious injuries and accidents; (3) shift to control the abnormalities and attempts, no obstacles and minor injuries.
48, electric power production enterprises must strictly implement the nine technical supervision system refers to what?
A: refers to insulation supervision, metal supervision, chemical supervision, thermal instrumentation, electrical instrumentation supervision, power quality supervision, relay protection supervision, energy saving supervision, environmental protection supervision system.
49, how to implement the principle of heavy rewards and penalties in production safety?
A: In the production safety should be implemented in the principle of heavy reward and heavy punishment, in the production safety of significant contributions to the collective and individual, should be given a heavy award; on the work of serious dereliction of duty, unauthorized operation, violation of regulations, such as the responsibility for accidents caused by the command, should be given a heavy fine, the circumstances are serious offenders, by the judiciary to pursue its criminal responsibility.
50, what is illegal operation?
Answer: in power production, construction, where the violation of the state, the ministry or the competent superiors formulated laws, regulations, rules, regulations, instructions, provisions, methods, documents, and the violation of the unit formulated on-site procedures, management systems, regulations, methods, instructions and work, known as the violation of the rules and regulations of the work.
51 What are the requirements for erecting temporary lines?
Answer: the erection of temporary lines must be approved by the safety and technical departments, should be removed immediately after the expiration of the specified period of use. Temporary line should use qualified equipment and equipment, its length shall not exceed 10 meters, the height from the ground shall not be less than 2.5 meters, the relevant equipment should be used to protect the zero or protective grounding and other safety measures, the length of the temporary overhead line does not exceed 500 meters, the height from the ground should not be less than 4 - 5 meters, and buildings, woods or other conductors, the general distance shall not be less than 2 meters.
52, electrical equipment arc fire, etc., how to identify the accident?
A: electrical equipment, such as high-voltage circuit breaker explosion, due to the arc fire, ignition of insulation and insulating oil, the arc caused by the adjacent circuit breaker and dials and other damages in the electric industry within the equipment accidents, if the fire is affected by other equipment, materials, buildings, it is stipulated for the production of electric power fire accidents.
53, electric power workers in the production safety rights and obligations?
A: (1) consciously abide by the electric power production safety regulations and supervise the implementation; (2) consciously abide by labor discipline, and conscientiously implement the implementation of a variety of safety-related laws and regulations and rules and systems; (3) timely reflection and according to the rules and regulations to deal with all the situation endangering the safety of the person and the equipment system; (4) have the right to stop any person's unauthorized operation; (5) have the right to refuse to accept and carry out the work of an obvious may cause personal injury or death and equipment major damage to the unauthorized command; (6) have the right to put forward opinions when there are objections to the decisions and orders of higher units and leaders; (7) actively participate in safety inspections and safety day activities; (8) actively participate in technological innovation, scientific management, and put forward rationalization proposals to improve the level of safety production.
54、What first-aid methods should field workers learn?
Answer: They should learn first aid for electrocution, asphyxiation, artificial respiration, and should be familiar with first aid for burns, scalds, trauma, gas poisoning and so on.
55, the grounding wire removal, whether to board the pole work again?
Answer: After the grounding wire removal, the line should be considered electrified, and no one is allowed to board the pole again for any work.
56, electrocuted casualties from the power supply, how should be dealt with?
Answer: (1) electrocuted casualty if the sanity is clear, should be made to lie flat on the ground, close observation, temporarily do not stand and walk; (2) electrocuted casualty if the sanity is not clear, should be on the ground on their backs, and to ensure that the airway is open, and with 5 seconds, call the casualty or tap his shoulder to determine whether the casualty is unconscious, prohibit the shaking of its head; (3) need to be rescued casualty should be immediately on the spot! Adhere to the correct resuscitation, and contact the medical department to take over the resuscitation.
57. What are the principles of trauma first aid?
Answer: in principle, the first resuscitation, after fixation, in the handling, and pay attention to measures to prevent aggravation of injuries and contamination, need to be sent to the hospital, should be done to protect the measures before sending.
58, production plants and warehouses should be equipped with what necessary firefighting equipment?
Answer: Have fire hydrants, hoses, fire extinguishers, sandboxes, asbestos and other fire fighting tools.
59、What flammable items are prohibited to be stored in the workplace?
A: gasoline, kerosene, alcohol, banana water and so on.
60, the main cause of household appliances fire?
A: electrical short circuit, overload, leakage, poor line contact.
61, what are the requirements for staff dress code?
Answer: (1) the work clothes cloth should not be made of nylon, chemical fiber or cotton, chemical fiber blended clothing;
(2) there should be no part that may be strangled by the rotating machine;
(3) the female staff to enter the production site, it is prohibited to wear slippers, sandals, prohibited to wear skirts, high-heeled shoes, braids, long hair must be coiled in a hat;
(4) to do the work of touching the high-temperature objects, you should wear gloves and special protective work clothes.
62, any unit or individual has the responsibility to maintain fire protection facilities, which of the three disallowed?
A: no damage and unauthorized diversion of fire equipment, equipment; not allowed to bury and encircle the fire water; not allowed to occupy the fire distance, blocking the fire escape.
63, which forms of fire inspection?
A: There are four forms: self-inspection of grass-roots units; business units in charge of the inspection; fire supervision authorities; regional joint inspections.
64, white wire gloves are not insulating tools, wear it what role?
A: play a protective role, such as anti-bumping, smashing, scratching, and smaller arc burns.
65, combustion is divided into which stages?
A: five stages: the initial stage; development stage; violent stage; decline stage; extinguishing stage.
66, what is the main cause of fire in the power line?
Answer: short circuits, overloading of the circuit, large contact resistance generated in the circuit, and unsuitable safeties.
67, precision instruments, archival artifacts or confidential documents, information on fire with which fire extinguisher to fight the best? Why?
A: the best with 1211 or carbon dioxide, because these two extinguishing agents extinguish the fire without leaving traces, do not corrode and damage the burning material.
68, gasoline has a greater fire risk because of the main factors?
A: mainly because gasoline is flammable, explosive, easy to evaporate, easy to produce static electricity, easy to suffer expansion, easy to flow and diffusion, easy to boil sudden overflow.
69, unit full-time or volunteer fire department to do which "five familiar"?
A: familiar with key areas, familiar with the building structure, familiar with the road water, familiar with the fire danger, familiar with fire-fighting measures.
70, why cigarette butts can cause fire?
A: Because the surface temperature of the cigarette in the 200 - 300 degrees Celsius, the center of the temperature up to 700 - 800 degrees Celsius, while the ignition point of the wood is generally in the 200 - 300 degrees Celsius. Cigarette butts thrown to the wood or other flammable materials will catch fire or slowly ignite, if not detected in time, will cause a fire.
71, business units within the three levels of fire safety management refers to which three?
A: factory fire safety committee (or production safety, or comprehensive management committee); workshop safety team; shift safety officer.
72, flammable and explosive equipment operators should do "three good, four will", what is the specific content?
Answer: three good is: good management equipment, good equipment, repair equipment. Four will be: will check, will maintain, will troubleshooting, will extinguish the fire.
73, enterprise units of cadres and workers should focus on what aspects of fire safety education?
Answer: summarize the main two aspects: one is the ideological understanding, the second is fire prevention, fire fighting knowledge and skills.
74, what is called fire hazard potential?
A: the so-called fire hazard potential, refers to the production and life may directly cause a fire hazard, or fire may hinder the impact of fire suppression work smoothly and other unsafe factors.
75, power system stability of the classification of simple points which categories?
A: In a broad sense, can be divided into: power angle stability, voltage stability, frequency stability. From the examination of time can be divided into: short-term stability, medium-term stability, long-term stability.
76, material combustion must have which conditions?
Answer: must have combustibles, combustion aids, ignition source of the three conditions. At the same time, the three interact with each other in order to burn.
77, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide cylinders are what color?
Answer: Oxygen cylinders are sky blue, hydrogen cylinders are dark green, nitrogen cylinders are black, and carbon dioxide cylinders are aluminum white.
78, the power industry's first fire prevention responsibility?
Answer: the power production enterprise's factory (bureau) director is the enterprise's first fire prevention responsibility, fully responsible for the enterprise's fire prevention work.
79, the cause of fire is generally divided into which seven categories?
Answer; arson, play with fire, violation of operating procedures, poor equipment, careless living with fire, spontaneous combustion, violation of safety regulations for the installation and use of electrical appliances.
80, what is called fire inspection?
Answer, fire prevention inspection is to find and eliminate hidden dangers, the implementation of fire prevention measures to prevent fire accidents is an important means; is also to mobilize the masses **** with an effective form of fire safety work. In the whole fire prevention work occupies a very important position. Fire prevention inspection is to go into the scene, the object of fire prevention and facilities to understand, found that the unsafe factors, to pursue in the end, seeking a thorough solution.