First, what is fetal education
Fetal education originated in ancient China, belongs to the category of eugenics, but also a branch of education. Dictionary: the ancients believed that the fetus in the mother's body can be influenced by the words and deeds of the pregnant woman, so the pregnant woman must abide by the etiquette of the fetus to a good influence, called "fetal education"
The modern concept: fetal education is a blend of medical and pedagogical knowledge as a whole, the education of the fetus of a comprehensive and practical science. It refers to the mother's own regulation of the physical and mental development of the fetus to provide a good influence, or directly on the development of the fetus to exert a beneficial influence.
Fetal education in the narrow sense is based on the actual situation of fetal development and growth of the sensory organs, targeted, proactive and appropriate information to give reasonable stimulation, so that the fetus to establish a conditioned reflex, and then promote its brain function, somatic motor function, sensory function and the maturation of the nervous system function. Fetal education in the broadest sense refers to the mental, dietary, environmental, labor and leisure measures taken to promote the healthy development of the fetus physiologically and psychologically, and to ensure that the mother is able to pass through the period of pregnancy and childbirth smoothly.
Second, the fetal growth process
Fetal development in the mother's body is generally divided into three stages: embryonic seed stage (0-2 weeks), embryonic period (3 weeks -8 weeks), embryonic period (3 weeks -8 weeks)
p> (a) Embryonic seed stage (0-2 weeks)
After the synthesis of the syncytium, it begins to divide, and as it divides, it moves from the fallopian tube to the uterus. Embryo seeding, transfer (implantation). The embryo disc in the embryo seed is divided into different layers which are ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Placenta Umbilical cord - the
Lifeline of the embryo
(ii) Embryonic Stage (3 weeks - 8 weeks)
Studies have shown that the embryonic stage develops very The developmental pattern is from head to foot, from inside to outside, which means that the head, blood vessels and heart develop earlier than the arms, legs, hands and feet.
From week 5 onwards, the embryo develops even more rapidly, with some of its major structures changing almost daily, building on the development of the previous weeks. By the end of week 8, when the embryo is about 2.5 centimeters, the embryo begins to look somewhat "human" and the differentiated structures begin the process of ossification. Ossification means that the embryo has reached a new stage of development - the fetal stage. Therefore, it can be considered that the appearance of bone cells is an important sign of the development of the embryo into a fetus. This shows the importance of the embryonic stage of development, during which the embryo is invaded by harmful substances that can cause permanent and irreparable damage. (Drugs, tobacco, alcohol, older mothers)
(C) Fetal stage (9-38 weeks)
The fetal stage begins at the beginning of the 9th week (or the end of the 8th week) and ends at birth. During the fetal stage, all organs and functions become more human-like and all systems begin to function as a whole. With some medical instruments, it is possible to see the fetus in the womb and they are more alive than before.
1. Weeks 9-12
At the beginning, the fetus is about 2.5 centimeters long and weighs about 14 grams.
2. Weeks 13-16
At the beginning of week 13, the fetus is about 7.5 centimeters long and weighs about 28 grams.
3. Weeks 17-20
At the beginning of week 17, the fetus is about 15 centimeters long and weighs about 110 grams.
4. Weeks 21-24
At the beginning of the 21st week, the fetus is about 30 centimeters long and weighs about 450 grams.
5. Weeks 25-28
At the beginning of the 25th week, the fetus is about 36 centimeters long and weighs about 900 grams.
6. Weeks 29-32
At the beginning of the 29th week, the fetus is about 40 centimeters long and weighs about 1400 grams.
7. Weeks 33-36
At the beginning of the 33rd week, the fetus is about 50 centimeters long and weighs about 3200 grams; in the 36th week, the fetus becomes 52 centimeters in length and increases in weight to about 3500 grams. At about 266 days, the fetus is born
Life begins at the moment of synaesthesia, and after about 266 days, or 38 weeks, of growth and development in the mother's uterus, the fetus has the basic physiological structure of an individual human being, and then it leaves the mother's womb and enters the community as an independent entity.
The rich development of the three prenatal sensory organs
1. Skin sensation
The skin is the first and most important sensory organ of the fetus, and it is completed at about 7 to 8 weeks after conception. The sense of touch is the first and most important source of information about the fetus' own exposure to the environment. Observations show that the fetus in the womb is not static ` but has a variety of activities, such as his little hand will be connected to his own mouth, and the fetus is surrounded by amniotic fluid, so the sense of touch of the fetus is constantly being stimulated, and its development is related to the environment, as a channel of communication for the fetus.
Touch is also an interaction, and Frans? Widmann is the founder of the Institute for the Study of Tactile Communication, he recommends that parents often touch the mother's abdomen with their hands, why? Because by touching, on the one hand, the fetus develops a "prenatal emotional attachment" which is important for establishing a good emotional relationship after birth, and on the other hand, it increases the sensitivity of the parents to the activities of the fetus, so that they can communicate with the fetus.
2. Smell
In the second trimester of pregnancy, the fetus has developed an olfactory memory of nutrients from the mother, which will help the fetus to accept other foods after birth and weaning.
3. Taste
The sense of taste becomes active in the third trimester, and when something sweet or bitter enters the amniotic fluid, the fetus swallows it or makes a bitter face, and sometimes the fetus moves its body to avoid something that tastes bad or tends to something that tastes good,
all of which suggests that the fetus has a memory of taste and is able to recognize a wide range of different flavors.
4. Hearing
Experimental research on fetal education: experimental research on fetal education is mainly in the development of fetal hearing. Mainly because: (1) the fetus from 28 weeks, the auditory channel has been basically formed. (2) Sound waves can penetrate into the body, for example, the mother's abdominal wall. (3) The fetus can respond to sound stimuli during labor.
5. Vision
The fetus has eyes by the fourth month of pregnancy. The womb is not as dark as we think, and it changes a lot with the climate and the mother's lifestyle.
6. Fetal states of consciousness
People go through at least two different situations or states of consciousness, "sleep" and "wakefulness". During sleep, we all dream, and when we dream, our eyes rotate rapidly, called Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. Almost 25% of our sleep is spent dreaming, and REM sleep occurs every 90 minutes and lasts 15-30 minutes each time. A study using a sophisticated device showed that REM sleep begins at the end of the seventh month of pregnancy (28-30 weeks), with the fetus around 32 weeks spending 70% of its time in REM sleep, and by the end of the pregnancy it is in REM sleep 50% of the time, with the rest being dreamless sleep or wakefulness. What exactly does the fetus dream about? It is still a mystery.
The three most important periods in the development of the human brain
February-May pregnancy: the proliferation of nerve cells in the brain and the completion of the division of the brain form roughly complete.
5 months of pregnancy - 2 years after birth: brain nerve cells extend nerve fibers to establish the reticular formation
2 years after birth - 4 years old: the formation of myelin sheaths outside the nerve fibers
Fourth, the content of the fetus:
1, the increase in the demand for nutrients in pregnancy and breastfeeding < /p>
Folic acid <
Vitamin D
Vitamin C
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B2
Vitamin B1
Iodine
Zinc
Calcium
Iron
Protein
Calories
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Percentage increase in nutrients during pregnancy and lactation (%)
2, music fetal education
Methods from the 20th week of pregnancy, pregnant women to enjoy the beautiful lyrical music, the mother's humming
The following is the experimental study on fetal education of Li Hong: the subjects of the study are no history of disease, no smoking, drinking habits of the spill The study subjects are healthy pregnant women with no history of illness, no smoking or drinking habits. Fetal education music chosen is "Autumn Night" tape. The pregnant women were divided into two groups: the Xerox group and the control group. The Xerox group of pregnant women from the seventh month of pregnancy to music listening, specific practices are: let the Xerox group of pregnant women get up in the morning and go to bed in the evening to listen to fetal music for 30 minutes, music playback in the seventh month of pregnancy when the sound is relatively large, the volume of 8 months when the volume decreases, the amount of time in the ninth month close to the normal threshold of human hearing standards. The tape recorder was held close to the wall of the pregnant abdomen during each listening session, and the number and duration of fetal movements were recorded by the pregnant women themselves while listening to the music. While the control group did not listen to the music. The results showed that the experimental group of fetuses than the control group of fetuses to cause the number of fetal movement is more, the duration of fetal movement is long, Xerox group of fetuses of 9-15 minutes, the control group for 4-7 minutes.