The difference between testing and calibration:
"Legal Metrology General Basic Terminology" will be "verification" is defined as: "to identify and confirm that the measuring instrument meets the legal requirements of the program, which includes checking, marking and (or) the issuance of verification certificates. " General basic nomenclature of legal metrology "calibration" is defined as "in the prescribed conditions, in order to determine the measuring instrument or measuring device indicated by the quantitative value, and the corresponding by the standard reproduced by the quantitative value of the relationship between a group of operations.
First, the verification and calibration of the same
1, are the assessment of the form of measuring instruments, is to ensure that the instrument value of the two most important ways to correct.
2, are the realization of the unity of the unit, the value of accurate and reliable activities, that is, all belong to the category of measurement.
3, in most cases, both are in accordance with the same measurement program.
Second, the difference between calibration and verification
1, the legal constraints are different. Determination of the legal system, is the measurement of law enforcement behavior, the object is the legal system within the scope of the management of measuring instruments, personnel should obtain the relevant measurement of the administrative department issued by the inspector's license, the charges for the implementation of national laws and regulations, regardless of the mandatory and non-mandatory calibration, are all part of the legal system of calibration. Compulsory calibration is mandatory. Calibration without legal requirements, it is the user's voluntary behavior, the scope of services, services, fees determined by the form of agreement between the two sides.
2, based on different. Calibration must be based on the calibration procedures, the calibration body must be tested on the instrument to make a qualified or unqualified conclusion. Calibration based on calibration specifications, calibration methods or other technical files agreed to by both parties, can be technical rules, specifications or customer requirements, can also be developed by the calibration body itself, the calibration body is generally not required to make a declaration of conformity by the measurement of instrumentation used by the user of the calibration results of the object being calibrated to evaluate, and, if necessary, to determine the effectiveness of whether or not it meets the expected requirements.
3, from the way to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the quantitative value, verification is a top-down national benchmark for the reproduction of the quantitative value of the level by level transfer to the various levels of measurement standards up to the ordinary measuring instruments, calibration is a bottom-up traceability of the quantitative value of the national benchmarks, which can be over the level, the user can choose to provide traceability services according to the need for laboratories, traceability time and mode.
4, verification of the special case more than calibration. Validation contains qualitative and quantitative tests of two parts of the content, is the measurement of measuring instruments and technical requirements to meet the overall assessment. Calibration generally involves only quantitative tests, only assess the value error.
5, the results of different forms of reporting. The verification certificate or verification results issued by the notice, calibration is usually issued to the calibration certificate. According to ISO/IEC17025: 1999 provisions, there is a technical basis for a type of protocol can not give the uncertainty of the measurement results, so the certificate of verification generally only provides the maximum allowable error or error limits, does not give the measurement results of the measurement uncertainty. In order to provide a quantitative declaration of the correctness of the measurement results obtained by the measuring instrument, calibration needs to establish measurement traceability and provide measurement uncertainty, so that the user establishes confidence in the measurement results obtained by calibration.
What is the difference between calibration and verification in metrology?Definition and explanation of "calibration"
JJF1001-1998 "General Measurement Terms and Definitions Explanation" of the "calibration" is defined as: "in the prescribed conditions, in order to determine the measurement instrument or measurement system indicated by the value of Or measurement system to determine the measuring instrument or measurement system indicated by the quantitative value, or physical gage or reference material represents the quantitative value, and the corresponding by the standard reproduced by the quantitative value of the relationship between a group of operations". "Calibration" is a product of the traceability of quantitative value, is the voluntary traceability behavior of enterprises to ensure the unity of the quantitative value and accuracy and reliability, is a purely technical work. The technical basis of "calibration" is calibration specification. Calibration specification can be unified by the state regulations, can also be developed by the enterprise itself. "Calibration" is mainly used to determine the measurement device value error, do not judge the measurement device qualified or not. Measurement calibration personnel can be based on the actual calibration results to fill out the calibration certificate / report and calibration status identification.
The definition and interpretation of "verification"
JJF1001-1998 "General Measurement Terminology and Definitions Explanation" on the "verification" is defined as: "to identify and confirm the measuring instruments Whether to identify and confirm that the measuring instruments meet the legal requirements of the program, which includes checking, marking and (or) the issuance of verification certificates." From this definition, it can be seen that the "verification" has a legal nature, the object is the scope of legal management of measuring instruments. "Validation" is based on the statutory program approved and published by the national metrological verification procedures. "Validation" can be understood as is in accordance with the requirements of the validation program and validation of the required measurement standards and their supporting devices and tools, as well as the prescribed conditions of the validation, one by one, the amount of equipment to be tested for inspection. The calibration regulations stipulate the technical requirements of each test case of the calibration method and tolerance range. Only when the measured device fully meets the technical requirements and tolerance range of each case required by the test program, the test conclusion is "qualified". Inspection department can fill out the mark of conformity, issued by the certificate of inspection. Otherwise, fill in the notification of the test results, indicating that the exceedance of the project or the exceedance of the number of citations. The test period of the measured quantity device shall not exceed the period specified in the test program. "Certification" is the measurement of measuring devices and technical requirements of the measurement characteristics of a comprehensive assessment. Engaged in the verification of the measurement of staff must be qualified by the inspection agency assessment, and holds the relevant measurement of the administrative departments issued by the inspector's license.
In addition, at the end of last year, the new JJF1001-2011 "General Measurement Terminology and Definitions Interpretation" was issued, as I have not seen. So it is not clear whether the relevant explanation is changed.
What is the difference between "calibration" and "verification"?The main difference between calibration and verification
Purpose:
Calibration - Self-determination of the accuracy of the quantitative value of monitoring and measuring devices. It is a bottom-up traceability of quantitative values, assessing the display value error.
Accreditation - mandatory comprehensive assessment of measurement characteristics. Is the unity of quantitative value, check whether it meets the requirements of the regulations. Is a top-down transfer of quantitative value.
Objects:
Calibration - in addition to the mandatory verification of measuring instruments and measuring devices.
Accreditation - the national mandatory inspection: measurement reference; measurement standards; for trade settlement, safety and security, medical and health, environmental monitoring of the work of measurement of seven categories **** 59 kinds.
Based on:
Calibration - calibration specifications or calibration methods, can be used in the unified national regulations, can also be developed by the organization itself.
Accreditation - by the state-authorized measurement of the unified development of the verification procedures.
Nature:
Calibration - not mandatory, voluntary traceability of the organization.
Accreditation - mandatory, the legal measurement of the scope of management of law enforcement.
Periodicity:
Calibration - by the organization according to the use of the needs of their own determination, can be regular, irregular or before use.
Accreditation - according to the mandatory inspection cycle specified in our laws.
Mode:
Calibration - can be self-calibration, external school or self-calibration and external school combination.
Accreditation - only in the provisions of the inspection department or by the statutory authorization of qualified organizations.
Content:
Calibration - assess the error of the display value.
Accreditation - a comprehensive evaluation of the measurement characteristics, including the evaluation of the measurement error.
Conclusion:
Calibration - do not determine whether the qualification, only the evaluation of the display value error. Issue a calibration certificate or calibration report.
Accreditation - based on the range of error in the measurement value specified in the calibration regulations, to give a qualified and unqualified judgment. Issue a certificate of conformity.
Legal effect:
Calibration - calibration conclusions are not legally binding technical file.
Accreditation - verification conclusions are legally binding files, as a measuring instrument or measuring device verification of the legal basis.
The difference between calibration and verification of measuring instruments.xls
The verification certificate of the gauge can be used directly. Some gauges can not do the calibration, but only a test report, this time the need for calibration review of the test data can only be used.
What is the fundamental difference between xml and?HTML (HyperText Markup Language). "Hypertext means that a page can contain images, links, and even non-text elements such as music and programs, and markup means that specific markup symbols are used to mark up various parts of the content to be displayed. HTML text is what we usually call a web page, the byline can be or htm XML (Extensible Markup Language), Extensible suite of markup languages. XML is a subset of the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), which is a language used to mark up electronic documents so that they can be used in a variety of ways. XML is a subset of the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), a markup language used to mark up electronic documents to make them structured, and is designed to be used for the transmission and storage of information, complementing the Hypertext Markup Language (HML). Extensible Suite Markup Language (ESML) is a meta-markup language, i.e., it defines a structured markup language for defining semantics related to other specific domains, which divides a document into parts and identifies those parts. It enables more precise declarations of content and facilitates more meaningful search results across multiple platforms. It provides a format for describing structured information, simplifying the exchange and representation of information on the Web, separating program code, information, and representation, and serving as a standard format for information exchange, so it is often referred to as a smart data file, with a secondary name of xml.
The syntax of xml is similar to that of HTML in that it identifies information with a pair of matching start and end markup symbols. But the function of the two is different, HTML is used to display information information, and XML markup is used to describe the nature and structure of the information, the difference between the two are as follows:
1. HTML will be information and its display effect is mixed together, it is a kind of performance technology, the definition of how to display the information of the label; and the XML file is only the storage of the information and describes the relationship between the information, and does not specify how to display the information, that is, how to display the information, and the relationship between the information. It does not specify how to display the information, i.e., it separates the information from its display.
2. HTML formatting requirements are relatively loose, and HTML parsers usually try to explain the mechanism, which is likely to cause the same page in different browsers may show very different results. And XMlL is a very strict markup language , such as : strictly case sensitive and other issues.
3. HTMl markup set is fixed, you can not expand the suite of HTML markup in their own applications; and XML does not provide a set of pre-defined tags, but only provides a standard, you can define their own special markup in accordance with this standard, so XML markup is unlimited expansion of the suite, it can be used to describe a variety of application areas of the material information.
4. XML allows for granular updates without having to send the entire contents of the XML file every time there is a regional change, and only the changed elements have to be transferred from the server to the client, whereas HTML does not support such a feature.
Summary: XML is not an upgrade of HTML, nor is it a replacement for HTML. Although the two are similar, their application areas and scopes are completely different. HTML's final version is HTML 4.01, and HTMl is no longer a Web markup standard. XHTML is a mixture of HTML and XML, it all takes the syntax and rules of XML to write Web pages. XHTML effectively combines the simplicity of HTML and XML's expandable suite of lines, which uses tags and attributes basically still defined in the markup in HTML. XML can be used in finance, scientific research and other areas, XHTML is just an application of XML in the Web domain.
What is the fundamental difference between "sand" and "grit"?Sand and grit are similar in the sense that they both refer to grains of stone in a granular state, and to other substances that are similar in shape to such grains. But sand and sand also have different meanings, general sand is the natural formation of stone particles, such as river sand, beach. Sand is the stone particles formed by crushing the ore.
The difference is as follows:
1, from the Chinese point of view:
"Sand" means "loose stone particles in the water". Generally from the water to obtain fine particles of loose stone or water-related, are used "sand", such as "mud and sand" "beach" "sand spring "etc., but "desert" is different.
"Sand" means "fine stone", which refers to substances as fine as sand.
2. Literally different, one related to water and one related to stone.
3. Sand can be made by artificial mechanical processing, while sand can not.
What is the fundamental difference between か and が?か at the end of the sentence to express doubt, but to be in the sentence to express uncertainty, が is in the sentence, to go over to say that there are two sentences, が at the end of the first sentence, it can be expressed as a cis-connection or inverse-connection, but the requirement that you have to look at the sentence to determine the.
分かりません is not a question, but it is the negation of 分かる, which means not to know.
What is the difference between calibration and verification in metrology?The main difference between calibration and verification:
(1) calibration does not have the legal system, is the voluntary traceability of the enterprise's behavior, while verification has the legal system, is a legal measurement of the scope of management of law enforcement.
(2) calibration is mainly used to determine the error of measuring instruments, and verification is the measurement of measuring instruments and technical requirements of the overall assessment of the characteristics.
(3) calibration is based on calibration specifications, calibration methods, can be unified, can also be developed. Validation must be based on the measurement and verification procedures, can not be developed on their own.
(4) calibration does not judge the measuring instrument qualified or not, but when needed, to determine the measuring instrument of a certain - whether the effectiveness of the expected requirements. Calibration to make a qualified or unqualified conclusion on the measuring instruments examined.
(5) calibration results are usually issued calibration certificates or calibration reports. Qualified results of the calibration issued by the calibration certificate, unqualified issued by the unqualified notice.