B-ultrasound examination, commonly known as "B-ultrasound", is a medical examination item that patients often come into contact with when they see a doctor.
Clinically, it is widely used in the diagnosis of diseases such as cardiology, gastroenterology, urology, obstetrics and gynecology. As a doctor in an auxiliary department, I found that patients have many unclear places about B-ultrasound. Now I'll tell you about the common sense of abdominal B-ultrasound.
Are CT and MRI necessarily superior to B-ultrasound? The answer is no, as an important part of image diagnosis technology, ultrasonic diagnosis technology does have many advantages over CT and MRI.
First of all, it can not only find the pathological changes of abdominal organs, but also observe the movement and function of organs coherently and dynamically. It can track lesions and display stereoscopic changes without being limited by its imaging stratification. For example, at present, ultrasound examination has been recognized as the first choice for biliary system diseases.
Secondly, B-ultrasound can monitor the blood flow and direction of organs other than solid organs (liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney, etc.). ), so as to identify the nature and degree of organ damage. For example, doctors can visually see various structures in the heart and whether there are abnormalities through color Doppler echocardiography.
Thirdly, the ultrasonic equipment is easy to move and non-invasive, and can diagnose patients with mobility difficulties at the bedside. Fourth, the price is low.
The cost of ultrasound examination is generally 35- 150 yuan/time, which is110 for CT examination and 1/30 for NMR. This is more affordable for most working-class people.
"B-ultrasound" is often used for physical examination. But does all this mean that "B-ultrasound" is superior to CT and MRI in all aspects? Not exactly.
For example, B-ultrasound is obviously weaker than the latter in clarity and resolution, and it is easy to miss the diagnosis of hollow organ diseases, and the examination results are also easily affected by the doctor's clinical skill level. What preparations do patients need to make before abdominal B-ultrasound examination? 1, no food and no water.
The dinner the day before the inspection should be based on light and less residue food, and fasting for one night after eating. Eating breakfast and drinking water should be forbidden in the morning of the examination to ensure an empty stomach examination in the morning.
This is mainly to reduce the interference of gastrointestinal contents and gas on ultrasonic beam and ensure the bile in gallbladder and biliary tract is full. Sometimes, even if some patients have stopped eating, there is still a lot of gas in the gastrointestinal tract.
These patients should take Zhang Xiao tablets (dimethicone tablets) 1 orally 0-2 days before the examination, which has a certain effect on eliminating intestinal gas. 2. Gastrointestinal barium meal radiography and cholangiography should be avoided two days before B-ultrasound.
For patients with digestive system diseases, doctors sometimes prescribe barium meal fluoroscopy and B-ultrasound examination at the same time. It is best for patients to do B-ultrasound examination first, and then barium meal radiography. Because if barium remains in the gastrointestinal tract, it will not only affect the ultrasonic imaging of gallbladder and pancreas, but also easily lead to misdiagnosis.
3. Do the B-ultrasound examination of urinary system, especially the B-ultrasound examination of ureter and bladder. Drink 400-600 ml warm water 65438+ bladder filling 0-2 hours before the examination, and then check again. If the patient needs a one-time digestive and urinary system examination, it is best to check that the morning urine is not discharged on the same day, so that the bladder can be filled without drinking water.
Is color B-ultrasound definitely better than black-and-white B-ultrasound? Color Doppler examination refers to "color Doppler diagnosis". It uses modern technology to convert Doppler signal into color signal, which is superimposed with two-dimensional black-and-white ultrasound image to realize color blood flow imaging, making it possible to observe and evaluate intravascular space and blood flow state in vitro.
It can be seen that color Doppler ultrasound is mainly used for heart disease examination and blood flow detection of major blood vessels inside and outside human organs. For example, in the diagnosis of digestive system and urinary system diseases, the blood flow information of portal vein, hepatic artery and renal artery can be obtained by color Doppler ultrasound.
If the lesion has not reached the above blood vessels, but only the biliary system and pancreas, it is not necessary to do color Doppler ultrasound to avoid increasing the economic burden. Can B-ultrasound check gastrointestinal tract? Because there is a lot of air in the gastrointestinal tract, it is easy to interfere with the B-ultrasound beam, which makes its structure unclear, and the preparation for B-ultrasound examination of the gastrointestinal tract is complicated, and the diagnostic accuracy of barium meal and gastrointestinal endoscopy is higher than that of B-ultrasound, so B-ultrasound is generally not the first choice for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases.
B-ultrasound is a routine examination of patients in hospitals, and there is no report of injury to patients so far. It is one of the six major imaging diagnostic equipment in the medical field. .
2. What is B-ultrasound?
B-ultrasound examination, commonly known as "B-ultrasound", is a medical examination item that patients often come into contact with when they see a doctor.
Clinically, it is widely used in the diagnosis of diseases such as cardiology, gastroenterology, urology, obstetrics and gynecology. As a doctor in an auxiliary department, I found that patients have many unclear places about B-ultrasound. Now I'll tell you about the common sense of abdominal B-ultrasound.
Are CT and MRI necessarily superior to B-ultrasound? The answer is no, as an important part of image diagnosis technology, ultrasonic diagnosis technology does have many advantages over CT and MRI.
First of all, it can not only find the pathological changes of abdominal organs, but also observe the movement and function of organs coherently and dynamically. It can track lesions and display stereoscopic changes without being limited by its imaging stratification. For example, at present, ultrasound examination has been recognized as the first choice for biliary system diseases.
Secondly, B-ultrasound can monitor the blood flow and direction of organs other than solid organs (liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney, etc.). ), so as to identify the nature and degree of organ damage. For example, doctors can visually see various structures in the heart and whether there are abnormalities through color Doppler echocardiography.
Thirdly, the ultrasonic equipment is easy to move and non-invasive, and can diagnose patients with mobility difficulties at the bedside. Fourth, the price is low.
The cost of ultrasound examination is generally 35- 150 yuan/time, which is110 for CT examination and 1/30 for NMR. This is more affordable for most working-class people.
"B-ultrasound" is often used for physical examination. But does all this mean that "B-ultrasound" is superior to CT and MRI in all aspects? Not exactly.
For example, B-ultrasound is obviously weaker than the latter in clarity and resolution, and it is easy to miss the diagnosis of hollow organ diseases, and the examination results are also easily affected by the doctor's clinical skill level. What preparations do patients need to make before doing abdominal B-ultrasound? 1, no food and no water.
The dinner the day before the inspection should be based on light and less residue food, and fasting for one night after eating. Eating breakfast and drinking water should be forbidden in the morning of the examination to ensure an empty stomach examination in the morning.
This is mainly to reduce the interference of gastrointestinal contents and gas on ultrasonic beam and ensure the bile in gallbladder and biliary tract is full. Sometimes, even if some patients have stopped eating, there is still a lot of gas in the gastrointestinal tract.
These patients should take Zhang Xiao tablets (dimethicone tablets) 1 orally 0-2 days before the examination, which has a certain effect on eliminating intestinal gas. 2. Gastrointestinal barium meal radiography and cholangiography should be avoided two days before B-ultrasound.
For patients with digestive system diseases, doctors sometimes prescribe barium meal fluoroscopy and B-ultrasound examination at the same time. It is best for patients to do B-ultrasound examination first, and then barium meal radiography. Because if barium remains in the gastrointestinal tract, it will not only affect the ultrasonic imaging of gallbladder and pancreas, but also easily lead to misdiagnosis.
3. Do the B-ultrasound examination of urinary system, especially the B-ultrasound examination of ureter and bladder. Drink 400-600 ml warm water 65438+ bladder filling 0-2 hours before the examination, and then check again. If the patient needs a one-time digestive and urinary system examination, it is best to check that the morning urine is not discharged on the same day, so that the bladder can be filled without drinking water.
Is color B-ultrasound definitely better than black-and-white B-ultrasound? Color Doppler examination refers to "color Doppler diagnosis". It uses modern technology to convert Doppler signal into color signal, which is superimposed with two-dimensional black-and-white ultrasound image to realize color blood flow imaging, making it possible to observe and evaluate intravascular space and blood flow state in vitro.
It can be seen that color Doppler ultrasound is mainly used for heart disease examination and blood flow detection of major blood vessels inside and outside human organs. For example, in the diagnosis of digestive system and urinary system diseases, the blood flow information of portal vein, hepatic artery and renal artery can be obtained by color Doppler ultrasound.
If the lesion has not reached the above blood vessels, but only the biliary system and pancreas, it is not necessary to do color Doppler ultrasound to avoid increasing the economic burden. Can B-ultrasound check gastrointestinal tract? Because there is a lot of air in the gastrointestinal tract, it is easy to interfere with the B-ultrasound beam, which makes its structure unclear, and the preparation for B-ultrasound examination of the gastrointestinal tract is complicated, and the diagnostic accuracy of barium meal and gastrointestinal endoscopy is higher than that of B-ultrasound, so B-ultrasound is generally not the first choice for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases.
But in recent years, a new type of ultrasonic endoscope has been widely used in clinic, which combines the advantages of B-ultrasound and endoscope and has broad application prospects.
3. Little scientific knowledge
Why do the stars twinkle? We see the stars shining, not because the luminosity of the stars has changed, but because of the occlusion of the atmosphere. The atmosphere is between us and the stars. When starlight passes through the atmosphere, it will be affected by the density and thickness of the atmosphere.
The atmosphere is not absolutely transparent, and its transparency will change according to its density. So when we look at the stars through it on the ground, we will see that the stars seem to be flashing.
2。 Why do people yawn? When we feel tired, a lot of carbon dioxide has been produced in our bodies.
When there is too much carbon dioxide, oxygen must be supplemented to balance the needs of the body. Because these residual carbon dioxide will affect our body's functional activities, then the body will send out a protective reaction, so we yawn.
Yawning is a deep breathing action, which will let us breathe in more oxygen and expel more carbon dioxide than usual, and it can also eliminate fatigue. 3。
Why can snakes walk without feet? Snakes have many scales, which are the outermost armor on their bodies. Scales are not only used to protect the body, but also to be their "feet".
When a snake crawls forward, its body will be S-shaped. Every scale outside the S-shape will tilt upward to help the snake catch the uneven road when it moves forward.
These scales cooperate with the snake's muscles and can push the body forward, so the snake can walk without feet! 4。 Why do sunflowers always bloom towards the sun? There is a substance called "auxin" in the stem under the sunflower disk.
This substance has the function of accelerating replication, but it is anti-optical, and it will run to the backlight side whenever it encounters light. So when the sun rises, the stem of the sunflower immediately hides to the side of the backlight, as if the whole plant is bent in the direction of the sun.
5。 Why does the hair turn white when people are old? There is a substance called melanin in our hair. The more melanin, the darker our hair will be.
Without melanin, hair will turn yellow or white. When human beings reach old age, various functions of the body will gradually decline, and the formation of pigments will be less and less, so the hair will gradually turn white! 6。
Why do fireflies glow? Fireflies emit light because there is a luminous body at the end of their abdomen, which is filled with a lot of phosphorus-containing luminescent substances and luminescent enzymes, so that fireflies can emit flashing light. The purpose of fireflies is not only lighting, but also courtship, vigilance and trapping.
This is also a communication tool for them. Different kinds of fireflies emit light in different ways, frequencies and colors, so they can convey different information. 7。
Why do you growl when you are hungry? When you are hungry, you will purr. This is because the food you have eaten before has almost been digested. Although the stomach is empty, the gastric juice in the stomach will continue to secrete. At this time, the contraction of the stomach will gradually expand, and the liquid and gas inside will be stirred up and purr.
Don't be embarrassed by your stomach growling next time! Because this is a normal physiological action. 8。
Why can't ostriches fly? A giant ostrich, but they can't fly into the sky! This is not because their wings are useless, but because their feathers are too soft and their wings are too small to fly at all. In addition, the ostrich's muscles are underdeveloped and its sternum is flat, which is not conducive to flying.
Ostriches live in Africa. Because they have lived in desert areas for a long time, their bodies gradually evolved into what they are now in order to adapt to the environment. 9。
Why can't it go bad easily? Lunch meat, black bean shad, tomato sauce beans.
They are all delicious canned food, which can be preserved for a long time without deterioration. This is because the can is sealed, so bacteria can't enter.
When people make canned food, they pump all the air out of the canned food and then seal it. In the absence of air, even if the food inside is contaminated with a little bacteria, they can't survive or reproduce! 10。
Why do babies always cry at birth? Babies cry when they are born, not because they are unhappy, but because they are taking the first breath of air! When babies leave their mother's body and are born, the first breath of air will rush to their throats, violently impact the vocal cords, make them vibrate, and then make a sound similar to crying. 1 1。
Why do lizards keep playing backwards when their tails are broken? In order to protect themselves, many lizards also protect their eyes and ears; When some lizards are attacked, their tails will be broken due to the severe contraction of their muscles. Because there are still some nerves alive in the broken tail, it will keep bouncing, thus distracting the enemy and running away.
Don't think that their lives will end like this. In fact, it only takes a few months, and their tails will grow back and move on. 12。
Why is the squirrel's tail so big? Don't look at the relaxed mouse tail! When the squirrel jumps around the tree, its tail plays a great role. It can keep balance when the squirrel jumps to the tree to avoid falling and being injured.
In addition, this big tail can play a more protective role in winter, tightly surrounding the squirrel's body, which is convenient and practical. 13。
Why can't a person's thumb have one or three knots? The average person has five fingers, each with a different length. However, does anyone realize that besides the thumb, other fingers also have three sections, while the thumb alone has only two sections? It turns out that the number of joints is just the same as the other four fingers.
If it is three knots, the thumb will appear weak, so that it can't lift heavy objects; If there is only one section, it can't grasp things freely with the other four fingers! 14。 Why not tickle yourself? When others scratch ourselves, we feel itchy and laugh nonstop; However, when we scratch ourselves, we not only don't laugh, but also don't itch.
Based on our psychological preparation, the brain will send out a message that there is no danger, and the nerves will relax, so that they will not laugh and itch! 15。 Why is the sea mostly blue and green? Looking at the sea, it is often found that the sea water is blue-green.
However, when you pick up the sea water, you can only see it as transparent and colorless as old water. Original.