1, "the Chinese people *** and the State Construction Law" on the construction site of environmental protection and safety what provisions?
A: building construction enterprises shall comply with the provisions of laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and work safety, to take measures to control and deal with all kinds of dust, exhaust gas, wastewater, solid waste, and noise, vibration pollution and hazards to the environment at the construction site.
2, the Chinese people *** and the State Work Safety Law, Article 73, what are the requirements for accident investigation and treatment?
A: Accident investigation and handling should be in accordance with the principle of seeking truth from facts and respecting science, timely and correctly find out the cause of the accident, identify the nature of the accident and responsibility, summarize the lessons learned from the accident, put forward corrective measures, and put forward the treatment of those responsible for the accident. (Specific measures for the investigation and handling of accidents shall be formulated by the State Council).
3, "construction safety management regulations" Article 48 of the emergency rescue of production safety accidents in construction units have what provisions?
Answer: the construction unit shall formulate the unit production safety accident emergency rescue plan, establish emergency rescue organization or emergency rescue personnel, equipped with
necessary emergency rescue equipment, equipment, and regularly organize drills.
4, the construction site after the occurrence of production safety accidents, emergency rescue should pay attention to the main points?
A: After the occurrence of production safety accidents, the construction unit should take measures to prevent the expansion of the accident and protect the accident scene. When it is necessary to move the items at the scene, it should
when marking and written records, and keep the relevant exhibits properly.
5, lifting operations in the "ten do not hang" principle is what?
A: (1) the command signal is not allowed to hang unknown; (2) slanting the slanting hanging is not allowed to hang; (3) the weight of the crane is not known or overload is not allowed to hang; (4) the bulk of the bundle is not securely loaded or material is not allowed to hang overloaded; (5) hanging on the lifting of some people are not allowed to hang; (6) buried in the ground is not allowed to hang; (7) the failure of the mechanical safety device or with the disease when not allowed to hang. (8) the scene of the dark light can not see the lifting point is not allowed to hang; (9) the edge of the object and the wire rope in direct contact with no protection measures are not allowed to hang; (10) six or more strong winds are not allowed to hang.
6, construction site temporary power distribution switch box for inspection and maintenance should be done?
A: overhaul all kinds of distribution boxes, switch boxes, electrical equipment and power construction tools, must cut off the power supply, remove the electrical connection and hang warning signs, test and commissioning should determine the operating procedures and set up a person to monitor.
7, the safe use of welding machines and what are the requirements?
A: the use of welding machine should be set up separately switch, welding machine shell should be made zero or grounding protection. Primary line length should be less than 5 meters, secondary line length should be less than 30 meters. Welding machine wiring on both sides should be pressed firmly, and install a reliable protective cover. Welding machine should be double line in place, shall not borrow metal pipes, metal scaffolding, track and steel structure to do the circuit. Welding handle line should use special rubber jacket multi-strand soft copper cable line, the line should be well insulated, no damage, bare. Welding machine should be installed to take anti-burial, anti-flooding, rain, smash-proof measures. AC welding machine should be equipped with special anti-electrocution protection device.
8, fastener steel scaffolding, in the use of mandatory safety regulations prohibit the removal of which rods?
Answer: the main node at the vertical and horizontal horizontal bar, vertical and horizontal sweep bar; wall pieces.
9, component lifting suspension work, must comply with what provisions?
Answer: (1) The lifting of steel structure, components should be assembled on the ground as far as possible, and should be set up to carry out temporary fixing, welding, high-strength bolting and other processes of overhead safety facilities, with the components at the same time lifting in place. Safety measures during dismantling should also be considered and implemented. Before lifting pre-stressed reinforced concrete roof frame, truss and other large-scale components at height, the safety facilities required for overhead work should also be set up. (2) When installing large templates, hoisting the first precast structure, or hoisting individual large and medium-sized precast structures in the air, they must be operated by standing on the operation platform. Lifting medium and large template prefabricated components as well as asbestos cement and other roofing panels, it is strictly prohibited to stand and walk.
10, "three treasures, four mouths, five sides" refers to what?
Answer: three treasure means: helmet, safety belt, safety net. Four means: staircase platform mouth, elevator mouth, entrance and exit, reserved holes. Five edges refers to: (1) the depth of more than 2 meters of the pit, trough, ditch perimeter; (2) no external protection of the roof and floor edges; (3) the sides of the channel edges; (4) staircase ladder section edges; (5) the perimeter of the balcony, overhanging platforms, material platforms.
11, the enterprise after the occurrence of casualty accidents must do "four do not spare". What is the content of the "four do not spare"?
Answer: the cause of the accident is not clear; the person responsible for the accident and the masses have not been educated not to be spared; no protective measures not to be spared; the person responsible for the accident has not been dealt with not to be spared.
12, how to fasten the seat belt?
Answer: (1) the use of high hanging low, to prevent swinging collision, the rope can not be knotted, hooks should be hung on the connecting ring. When found abnormalities should be immediately even if the replacement, change the new rope should be added to the rope cover. Use more than 3M long rope to add buffer.
(2) in the climbing and suspension operations, must wear a safety belt and have a secure hook facilities, it is strictly prohibited to wear a safety belt only at the waist, but not in the fixed facilities on the hook ring.
(3) safety belts should be properly stored when not in use, and should not come into contact with high temperature, open fire, strong acid, strong alkali or sharp objects. Frequent use of the rope should be done frequently to check the appearance; two years after the use of sampling should be done, sampling of the sample belt to replace the new rope.
13, summer construction safety management should pay attention to the problem?
Answer: prevention of summer heat, prevention of electric shock, lightning, wind damage, collapse prevention.
14, "the Chinese people *** and the State Work Safety Law" of the legislative purpose?
A: It is to strengthen the supervision and management of production safety, prevent and reduce safety accidents, protect people's lives and property safety, and promote economic development.
15, "Construction Safety Management Regulations" Article 48 of the emergency rescue of production safety accidents in construction units have what provisions?
Answer: the construction unit shall formulate the unit production safety accident emergency rescue plan, establish emergency rescue organization or emergency rescue personnel, equipped with the necessary emergency rescue equipment, equipment, and regularly organize drills.
16, high temperature season construction labor protection management points are?
Answer: the focus of labor protection management of construction in the hot season is:
(1) prevention of heatstroke, poisoning, fatigue prevention work.
(2) To take measures to prevent heat stroke.
(3) To take the morning and evening when the construction is cool, avoid construction in the hot sun.
(4) Correctly use the cost of preventing heatstroke and ensuring the supply of cool drinks and hygiene.
(5) Pay attention to the combination of labor and leisure.
(6) Pay attention to dietary hygiene to prevent food poisoning and intestinal infectious diseases.
17, how to correctly remove the safety net?
A: The removal of safety nets must be carried out under the close supervision of experienced personnel, and the removal of nets should be carried out from the top down, and at the same time, fall prevention measures should be taken.
18, briefly described the construction site used in the electrical equipment fire requirements?
A: the construction site using electrical equipment must meet the fire requirements. Temporary electricity must be installed overload protection devices, electric boxes are not allowed to use flammable, combustible materials. It is strictly prohibited to overload the use of electrical equipment. Construction site storage of flammable materials storage, carpentry processing sites, paint batching rooms and waterproofing workplaces may not be exposed to the use of high-heat lamps and lanterns, not allowed to use electric stoves, heaters and so on.
Fifth, analysis: (9 questions)
A construction unit construction used FO/23B type tower crane, due to the violation of lifting lifting operation safety regulations, serious overloading, resulting in
Variable amplitude trolley out of control, the tower as a whole instability tilt, will be eight floors of the building operation of the two workers smashed to death, the crane driver was seriously injured. Try to determine the accident for what kind of workplace accidents? How should the accident be investigated and analyzed?
Answer: (1) the type of accident: mechanical injury. (2) The cause of the accident: the tower crane was seriously overloaded, and the luffing trolley was out of control causing the tower to topple. (3) Responsibility
People: tower crane driver (violation of lifting lifting operation safety regulations). (4) precautionary measures: the implementation of safe operating procedures, overloading is strictly prohibited, the safety device is sensitive and effective.
2, the person in charge of a construction site according to the needs of the project, decided to drop building 1, 6 floor scaffolding, captain Wang × × and other sent Zhang × × and others to do the work of dropping the frame, the workers, although wearing a safety belt, but not hanging on the frame, Zhang × × fell from the frame on the spot, fell to the ground and died. Please analyze (1) the type of accident; (2) the cause of the accident; (3) those responsible; (4) the responsibility of the leaders; and (5) the preventive measures.
Answer: (1) type of accident: fall from height; (2) cause of the accident: the leader of the team violated the rules, non-special operators engaged in special operations; the safety belt
was not hung on the shelf resulting in the fall. (3) Responsible person: (Zhang); (4) leadership should be responsible for: captain Wang Mou illegal command. (5) precautionary measures: strengthen compliance education. Eliminate unauthorized command of unauthorized operation, strengthen the management of special operators licensed to work.
3, a construction site has a well frame, workers Wang Mou in the absence of mechanic without the presence of unauthorized start the winch to lift the material, due to operational errors and no overheight limit device, so that the pulley directly to the top of the sky wheel, resulting in the ground wheel is pulled up, just at this time another worker Wu Mou is across the level of the wire rope of the winch, the wire rope will be Wu Mou popped up and fell out, resulting in Wu Mou craniocerebral injuries and death, the supervisor of foreman in charge in the inspection. Inspection found that there is no ultra-high limit device problem, but did not rectify in time, ask (1) the accident injury "seven elements" to analyze; (2) to determine the cause of the accident; (3) to determine the accident is responsible for.
Answer: (1) injury analysis: injury site: craniocerebral trauma; nature of injury: craniocerebral hemorrhage death. Causative object: ground wheel was pulled up. Injury causing object:
Wire rope (popped up). Mode of injury: mechanical injury. Unsafe condition: Wang was operating without a license. Unsafe act: the competent foreman found no over-height limit during the inspection and did not solve the problem in time. (2) Direct cause of the accident: no overheight limit. Indirect cause of the accident: Wang was operating without a license. (3) Person directly responsible for the accident: Wang Mou, who was operating against the rules. (3) The main responsible person of the accident: the foreman (inspection found that there is no over-height limit did not rectify the situation in time).
4, a site, according to the construction progress requirements are being set up fastener scaffolding, safety inspectors patrol inspection found that the newly purchased fasteners surface roughness, trademark fuzzy, fasteners slippery wire, and some of them a screw small cap mouth break. In order to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents, ask: how should the safety officer deal with this matter?
Answer: (1) Immediately stop the erection of steel pipe scaffolding, report the fastener quality
quantity problem to the person in charge of the construction site (project manager) and the production safety management organization. Timely elimination of potential production safety accidents. (2) The inferior fasteners will be tested, and after the result of the test report comes out, the factory (supplier) will be notified and its products will be confiscated to prevent them from flowing into other sites. It is recommended that the leadership of this supplier of low-quality products to notify, to prevent the occurrence of such problems in this unit.
5, a site mechanic Wang Mou stood in the mixer's ash hopper and drum chassis to maintain the machine. Shift manager Liu Mou did not wait for Wang Mou left to start the machine, the ash bucket will be Wang Mou's legs extrusion, Liu Mou panicked, twice wrong button, the ash bucket continues to rise to Wang Mou extrusion death. Through this typical case of mechanical injury, analyze the violation of the rules, what lessons should be learned and preventive measures should be taken?
Answer: Type of accident: mechanical injury. Cause of the accident: Wang Mou maintenance mixer did not disconnect the power lock box hanging warning signs. Responsible for the accident: shift manager Liu Mou. Unauthorized operation. Preventive measures: careful study of mechanical operating procedures, maintenance of machinery must be disconnected lock box, hanging warning signs set guardian.
6, a construction site sewage well operation, the foreman Li Mou did not take any measures and technical briefings, directing the workers Wang Mou will be put into the well diesel engine, due to the air is not good, resulting in Wang Mou fainted, fell into the sewage and drowned. Please analyze the main cause of the accident? What is the lesson to be learned?
A: The main cause: accidents against the rules.
Lessons to be learned: (1) Safety education should be put into practice; technical briefing should be clear; operators must be trained and learn relevant knowledge. (2) Effective ventilation should be adopted (3) Inspection should be carried out beforehand.
7, in a 8M × 8M workshop gas welding operations, the operator Wang Mou's license expired three days ago, the license has just been handed over to last year's inspection, the young man Li Mou, smoking next to Wang Mou, while ridiculing Wang Mou bare shoulders.
A: the case of the violation of the following:
(1) should be one month in advance of the annual inspection, the case of the special in the operators are unlicensed;
(2) insufficient safety distance, (oxygen cylinders and acetylene bottles at a distance of not less than 5 meters);
(3) Welding site is prohibited the use of open flames, the case of the operators in the construction of the current production of smoking, belonging to the violation of the rules of the operation!
(4) should wear specialized protective clothing, the case of the operator did not wear protective clothing.
8, a municipal construction unit in the South Fourth Ring Road construction, the entire line of sewage pipeline closed water test after passing, in the No. 3 sewage well pumping, the worker WeiMou in the case of not taking any measures and safety briefing, directing operators ZhangMou and others will be gasoline pump into the well. Zhang (transferred to the construction site from other sites on the same day) in the well operation of the gasoline pump, due to the lack of oxygen in the well many times can not fire, the fumes generated by the stagnation of the well, due to poor air circulation, resulting in Zhang fainted and fell into the water, due to rescue in time drowning death. Please analyze the main causes of this accident and the lessons to be learned are those?
Answer: Main cause: unauthorized accidents
Lessons to be learned: (1) safety education should be implemented in practice; the technical briefing should be clear; must be the relevant knowledge of the operating personnel training and learning. (2) Effective measures should be taken to ventilate the air; (3) inspections should be carried out beforehand.
9, a site responsible person according to the needs of the project decided to 6 # building bridge shelf fall a layer, captain Mu sent strong workers Tong and Ma on the bridge to do fall shelf work, workers, although the safety belt, but did not hang on the column frame, when the fall of both sides of the 4-meter span of the bridge, the bridge at both ends of the barbs decoupled, the bridge toppled over, Tong, Ma and the two fell down, died on the spot. Please analyze: (1) the type of accident; (2) the cause of the accident; (3) the responsible person; (4) the leadership should be responsible for; (5) preventive measures.
Answer: (1) type of accident: fall from height; (2) cause of the accident: the captain of the company violated the rules; non-special operators engaged in special operations; safety belts were not hung on the shelf, resulting in the fall. (3) Responsible for: Tong, Ma; (4) leadership should be responsible for: captain Mu Mou illegal command; (5) preventive measures: strengthen compliance education. Put an end to illegal command of illegal operation, strengthen the management of special operators licensed to work.
Six, calculation questions:
Construction winch lifting rope safety factor should not be less than 5, a site using Ф10.5mm wire rope breaking tension of 5580kg, it is the daily work of the maximum tension (including self-weight) for 1300kg, ask this rope meet the safety regulations?
Solution: (1) ∵ winch rope safety factor = 5 (N)
∵ 10.5 of the wire rope breaking tension of 5580kg
∴ Pmax (wire rope permitted tension) = SP/N
∴Ф10.5mm wire rope Pmax=5580kg/5=1116 kg
Solution: () (2) ∵ daily use of tension = 1300 kg
∵ permitted tension of 1116 kg
∴ 1300 kg > 1116 kg the wire rope does not meet the safety regulations
SP = 1300 kg × 5 ≥ 6500 kg of wire rope should be selected
seven, the terminology:
1, the edge of the work?
A: In the construction site, the edge of the working surface without fencing facilities or fencing facilities below 80cm when the work at height.
2, major accidents?
A: The accident will cause immediate or delayed serious harm to workers, the public or the environment and production equipment.
3, "four limits", two insurance?
A: overload limiting device (torque limiter, weight limiter) overheight limiting device, walking limiting device, amplitude limiting device. Hook insurance device, reel insurance.
4, dealing with major accidents "three do not spare"?
Answer: the cause of the accident is not clear not to let go, the accident is not responsible for the people and the masses have not been educated not to let go, there is no precautionary measures and accidents have not been dealt with by the person responsible not to let go.
5, labor protection management?
A: labor protection management, is legislation (regulations) and organizational measures to strengthen scientific management to ensure the safety and health of workers.