Geographic location, administrative divisions, area and population, natural environment
Chuzhou City is located in the eastern part of Anhui Province, the western edge of the Yangtze River Delta, customarily referred to as Wan Dong. Geographic coordinates for the north latitude 31 ° 51 ′ 33 ° 13 ′, east longitude 117 ° 09 ′ 119 ° 13 ′. The total area of the administrative region is 13,300 square kilometers. The city borders Nanjing, Yangzhou and Huai'an in Jiangsu Province from southeast to north.
Chuzhou City, near the river and the sea, east and west, superior location, convenient transportation. Beijing-Shanghai Railway, Heining Expressway, Bengning Expressway through the city, to be built in the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railroad, Ningxi Railway will be in the city through the territory of the Chu River shipping directly to the Yangtze River. The city is about 50 kilometers away from Nanjing in a straight line, belonging to the Nanjing metropolitan circle of partner cities, an hour's drive to Nanjing Lukou Airport.
Chuzhou City, jurisdiction over Langya District, Nanqiao District, Tianchang City, Mingguang City and Quanjiao, Lai'an, Dingyuan, Fengyang 4 counties, with a total area of 13,300 square kilometers. There are 78 townships, 86 towns, 14 street offices, 233 neighborhood committees and 2,234 village committees. 2003 the city's population of 4,329,400 people, of which 1 million non-agricultural population, the birth rate of 9.96 per thousand, the mortality rate of 4.96 per thousand, the natural growth rate of 5 per thousand.
Chuzhou City is located in the hilly area between the Jianghuai, for the northern subtropical humid monsoon climate, four seasons, warm and humid, the climate can be summarized as follows: cold and rainy winters, spring warm and cold, hot and rainy summers, sunny and cool autumn. The city's average annual temperature is 15.4℃, the average annual maximum temperature is 20.1℃, the average annual minimum temperature is 11.4℃, and the average annual precipitation is 1,035.5 millimeters. The rainy season lasts 23 days. The total annual sunshine hours are 2073.4 hours. The first frost is November 4, the last frost is March 30, the annual frost-free period of 210 days. Chuzhou city area across the Yangtze River, Huaihe River two watersheds, the city's landscape can be roughly divided into three types of hilly areas, hillock areas and plains, the terrain of the west high and east low, the city's highest peak for the Nanqiao District in the territory of the North General Ridge, elevation of 399.2 meters, around the distribution of hilly platforms and undulating zones, constituting a hillock area, the banks of the Chu River, the Huaihe River, and the lakeside area of the Lake Wushan, Lake Gaojiaoyu is the main plains area.
History
Chuzhou has a long history and culture.
As early as in ancient times, the ancestors lived and labored on this land. Archaeology has discovered several cultural sites from the Neolithic period. During the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, there were some tribal states, such as Zhongli State and Jiao State, and the Huaiyi tribes along the Huaihuai River were gradually integrated into the Chinese civilization after a long period of development and conquest.
The Spring and Autumn and Warring States lords and feudal lords, frequent attacks and wars, here for the state of Wu, the state of Chu, the so-called "Wu head and Chu tail". Qin unified China and died of tyranny, then Chu and Han struggle, the Jianghuai area is still circulating "Chu although three households, death Qin must Chu" and "Farewell my concubine" all the way to the sad song of the story.
The Three Kingdoms period, Chuzhou became the battlefield of the war between Wei and Wu Sima Rui had in Chuzhou southwest of the Moto Ridge refuge, Luangya mountain so named.
Experienced three hundred years of war between the two Jin and the North and South Dynasties, to the Sui and Tang dynasties, Chuzhou's establishment and the city basically take shape. Sui Kaihuang 9 years (589 AD) began to call Chuzhou. The famous Tang eunuchs Li Youqing, Wei Yingwu, Li Shen, Li Deyu, etc. have served as Chuzhou assassins, leaving a series of cultural relics, monuments, poems and historical stories.
Ouyang Xiu of the Northern Song Dynasty was relegated to Chuzhou, and wrote the famous prose piece "Drunken Master Pavilion" and "Fengle Pavilion", describing the beauty of the Chuzhou landscape and the simplicity of the people's style, Su Shi and "two records" written as a monumental sticker, which is famous for Chuzhou and Langya Mountain, the reputation of the world and the voice of the ancient and modern. The Southern Song Dynasty, the Jianghuai area has become the forefront of the confrontation between the Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, anti-Jin Dynasty famous generals, the bold and liberal poet Xin Qiji out of Chuzhou, stabilizing people's livelihoods, simple tax Shu levy, sheltering the exiles, repairing the market, the development of production, the whole army to defend against the Jin Dynasty, the face of Chuzhou for a new look. The development of culture and economy in the Song Dynasty had an important impact on the history of Chuzhou.
Later in the Yuan Dynasty, Fengyang County, born in a poor peasant family of Zhu Yuanzhang rose up against the Yuan Dynasty, after more than a decade of war, overthrowing the Yuan Dynasty, the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. Fengyang Province was once the capital city of the Ming Dynasty's founding emperors, and Chuzhou was once directly subordinate to the capital. Today the ruins of Fengyang Imperial City and the Imperial Mausoleum are national key cultural relics protection units.
The Qing Dynasty Chuzhou produced a lot of scholarly and meritorious characters, such as Dai Lanfen, a scholar of Tianchang, accomplished female scholars Wang Zhenyi, Quanjiao, "a door of three Dingjia, four generations of the six Shangshu" Wu clan, etc., in the history of Chuzhou shines with the light of the spirit of humanism. Quanjiao Wu Jingzi wrote the world-famous satirical novel "Confucian History" in poverty and illness, and over the past 300 years, this masterpiece has spread to the world in various texts.
In the late Qing Dynasty, during the late Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement, the line of eastern Anhui province north of the river became an important battleground repeatedly fought over by the Taiping army and the army of the Qing Dynasty, with the famous Battle of Wuyi breaking out in 1858.
In the modern anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggle, Chuzhou experienced the shock of the Xinhai Revolution, the enlightenment of the May Fourth Movement, the Chinese ****production party led by the East Anhui anti-Japanese base wrote a monumental history, Liu Shaoqi, Chen Yi, Zhang Yunyi, Luo Binghui and other revolutionaries of the older generation have been transferred to fight in the area.1949 January, all of the territory of the liberation of the East Anhui Province, the establishment of the Chu County Commissioner of the Administration, with nine counties under the jurisdiction.
After the founding of the country, Chuzhou has experienced decades of tortuous development, in 1979, Fengyang Xiaogang village farmers to the stone-breaking Da Baogan initiative, opened the prelude to China's reform and opening up.
December 1992, the State Council approved the establishment of Chuzhou provincial prefecture-level city. Today Chuzhou, is accelerating the pace of industrialization, urbanization, a new city of industry, trade and tourism, standing on the north bank of the Yangtze River.
Natural resources
Mineral resources: the city has 52 kinds of proven minerals, found all kinds of deposits, mine nearly 2,000. Non-metallic minerals is the city's advantage of mineral resources, including quartzite, sand for casting, bump cupped clay ore with large reserves, excellent quality known throughout the country, rock salt, gypsum, calcium manganese, oil is the only non-metallic minerals in Anhui Province. The main metal minerals are copper, uranium, iron and gold.
Water resources: the city's multi-year average surface water runoff of about 2.78 billion cubic meters, per capita possession of 716 cubic meters, has built more than 1,000 large and small reservoirs, with a total storage capacity of 2.308 billion cubic meters. The Yangtze River, Huaihe River and other external water can be utilized in good conditions. Groundwater resources are not abundant.
Land resources: the city has 544,000 hectares of arable land, 190,000 hectares of forested land, 300,000 hectares of other land, 175,000 hectares of difficult land, and 123,000 hectares of water.
Animal and plant resources: the city has 171 species of birds of 15 orders and 41 families, 11 species of reptiles, 9 species of amphibians, 14 species of veterinary animals,; there are 414 species of cloud and shrub species of 85 families and 187 genera, 17 species of classes, and more than 900 kinds of Chinese medicinal herbs. The city's rare tree species are Langya elm, drunken elm, Chuzhou water bamboo, Zhu Long oil tree.
Chuzhou City, rich in tourism resources, natural and cultural landscape with good. There are national scenic spots, national forest parks, national key cultural relics protection unit 7, provincial nature reserves and key cultural relics protection unit 11, there are famous mountains, famous pavilions, ancient passes, ancient temples, historical and cultural heritage sites and other natural and humanistic landscapes more than 100. Among them, Mt. Langya, Drunken Master Pavilion, Fengyang Ming Imperial Tombs, Huangfu Mountain National Forest Park Nature Reserve and other landscapes are famous in China and abroad.
Science, education, culture and health
In recent years, the city to the torch program as a guide, vigorously promote the industrialization of high-tech achievements in the torch project demonstration, guidance and promotion, the city's high-tech industry to speed up the development of high-tech industries, high-tech transformation of traditional industries has achieved remarkable results: in 2003 the city's high-tech industry to achieve total revenue of 2.66 billion yuan, profits and taxes 197 million yuan, exports of 8.88 million U.S. dollars, the initial formation of new materials, high efficiency and energy saving, electronic information, biomedicine and other industries as the leading high-tech industries.
Since the reform and opening up, especially since the founding of the city, in the leadership at all levels of care and attention, the city's education system, the majority of cadres and workers to fully implement the education policy, hard work, hard work, the cause of education has been a great development. As of December 2003, the city **** there are 3 colleges and universities, all levels of secondary education and the following 2061 schools. Among them, there are 2 specialized secondary schools, 1 secondary teacher training school, 296 general secondary schools (62 high schools), 19 vocational secondary schools, 1,516 elementary school, 215 kindergartens and 4 special education schools. The number of students enrolled in the city's various types of schools (excluding colleges and universities) was 849,100, of which 696,700 were enrolled in compulsory education (432,200 in elementary schools and 264,500 in junior high schools), 62,100 were enrolled in general high schools, and 14,200 were enrolled in vocational high schools. The city (excluding colleges and universities)*** has 35,900 teaching staff, including 32,800 full-time teachers.
Currently, there are 19 public schools under the direct control of the Municipal Education Bureau, including 1 university (Chuzhou Electric University), 1 secondary teacher training school (Fengyang Normal School), 9 general middle schools (4 high schools, complete middle schools***, 5 junior high schools), 10 elementary school, 13 kindergartens, and 1 vocational high school (a national key vocational high school). Municipal government directly under the control of a college (Chuzhou Institute of Vocational Technology), the province and city **** built a college (Chuzhou College) and Anhui Institute of Science and Technology.
Chuzhou City, cultural undertakings in the "for the people, for socialist services" and "a hundred flowers bloom, a hundred competing" policy guidelines, under the correct leadership of the municipal party committee and municipal government, has made great progress. According to 2003 statistics show that the city's cultural (including counties, cities and districts) system of 1,089 on-the-job employees, 215 cultural institutions, including libraries, cultural centers, each of which 7, the cultural relics industry, 11 institutions, 5 professional arts organizations, art school 1, the grass-roots level of the 166 cultural stations. Municipal cultural system of thirteen secondary institutions, on-the-job practitioners 300 people.
In accordance with the city's overall plan for the development of socialist undertakings and "focusing on rural areas, prevention, Chinese and Western medicine, and rely on science and technology and education, mobilizing the participation of society as a whole, for the people's health services, socialist modernization and construction of the new period of the health policy, and continue to strengthen the city's health work It has continuously strengthened the city's macro management and operational guidance, focusing on strengthening policies and regulations, comprehensive planning, law enforcement and supervision, and information services. The city has 331 health institutions of all levels and types, of which 37 are medical institutions, 261 are health centers, and 17 are second-level and above medical institutions (including 6 Chinese hospitals). *** There are more than 8,000 beds, nearly 3,000 practicing physicians and more than 2,000 registered nurses. There are 8 second-class general hospitals and 1 third-class hospital.
Administrative divisions
Chuzhou City, under the jurisdiction of two municipal districts, two county-level cities, four counties.
Chuzhou City Area 13,398 square kilometers, population 4.34 million (2003).
Langya District Area 126 square kilometers, population 240,000 people. ZIP code 239000.
Nanqiao District Area 1273 square kilometers, population 270,000 people.
Mingguang city Area 2335 square kilometers, population 640,000. The city people's government is located in the west street of the city.
Tianchang City has an area of 1,770 square kilometers and a population of 620,000 people. The People's Government of the city is located in Tianchang Street.
Lai'an County has an area of 1,481 square kilometers and a population of 490,000 people. The People's Government of the county is located in Xin'an Town.
Quanjiao County has an area of 1,572 square kilometers and a population of 450,000 people. The county people's government is located in Xianghe town.
Dingyuan County covers an area of 2,891 square kilometers and has a population of 910,000 people. The People's Government of the county is located in Dingcheng Town.
Fengyang County has an area of 1,920 square kilometers and a population of 720,000 people. The county people's government is located in Fucheng town.
* The information on district and geographical names here is as of December 2005; the area and population data are based on the "Compendium of Administrative Divisions of the People's Republic of China (2005)", and the population is as of the end of 2003. *