(1) According to the different parts of the human body where the endoscope is used, disinfection or sterilization methods are adopted: the following endoscopes and their accessories need to be sterilized: laparoscope, arthroscope, ventriculoscope, cystoscope, etc. Endoscopes that enter sterile parts of the human body or enter the human body through surgical incisions, as well as endoscope accessories that enter damaged mucosa (such as biopsy forceps, etc.). The following endoscopes and their accessories need to be disinfected: laryngoscopes, tracheoscopes, bronchoscopes, gastroscopes, enteroscopes, sigmoidoscopes, proctoscopes and other endoscopes that enter the natural passages of the human body and come into contact with the luminal mucosa.
(2) In principle, used endoscopes should be disinfected first and then cleaned. Finally, they should be disinfected or sterilized according to the type of endoscope before use. While the endoscope is disinfected by liquid immersion, all channels should be flushed with detergent, disinfectant, and water.
(3) Endoscopes used by patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, hepatitis virus and HIV must undergo special disinfection and sterilization treatment. Endoscopes treated with chemical disinfectants must be rinsed with sterile water before use to remove residual disinfectants.
(4) Hospital infection management in the endoscopy room should meet the following requirements: ① Set up a diagnosis and examination area, a washing and disinfection area, and a cleaning area. Keep the room clean and perform strict disinfection after operation. ②Endoscopy room staff must be trained on knowledge related to preventing hospital infections, including cleaning, disinfection or sterilization of endoscopes, monitoring, recording and saving of disinfectants in use, personal protection measures, etc. ③ After use, the endoscope and its accessories should be decontaminated and cleaned immediately, and the blood, mucus in the pipeline and the residual tissue in the biopsy hole and suction hole should be removed. The cleaned endoscope should be drained of water before being disinfected. Endoscope decontamination and cleaning are very important to ensure the effectiveness of disinfection and sterilization. ④ High-efficiency disinfectants must be used to disinfect endoscopes, such as 2% glutaraldehyde disinfection and soaking for 20 minutes. After disinfection, rinse thoroughly with sterile distilled water. Sterilize endoscopes and biopsy forceps with pressure steam or ethylene oxide or 2% glutaraldehyde soaking: 10 hours of sterilization. ⑤Endoscopes used by HBsAg-positive patients and patients with other special infections should be disinfected first. After routine cleaning and disinfection, soak in 2% glutaraldehyde for at least 45 minutes. ⑥ After disinfection, the endoscope should be dried before storage, and then hung and stored in a sterile cabinet. ⑦ When operating and cleaning endoscopes, you should wear anti-penetration work coats and rubber gloves. Hospitals with conditions can be equipped with protective glasses and masks, and staff should be vaccinated against hepatitis B. ⑧Monitor the effective concentration of disinfectants in use every day and keep records. If the concentration is lower than the effective concentration, replace it immediately.
(5) Monitoring of the effectiveness of endoscope disinfection and sterilization: according to the "Endoscope Cleaning and Disinfection Specifications (Trial)" issued by the Ministry of Health.