Planning Status and Role
Shanghai Municipal Urban Master Plan is a legal document guiding the development and construction of the city, and is also the basic basis for the implementation of urban construction and urban management. Construction activities in the city, the preparation of the national economy and social development plan, zoning planning, district (county) planning, detailed planning, special planning, etc., should be implemented in this plan.
Planning period
The period of this plan is from 1999 to 2020, and the recent period is until 2005. The plan is based on the long-term development of the 21st century, the nature of the city, the development goals, the layout of the city towns and cities and the layout of transportation and municipal infrastructure have taken into account the requirements of a longer period of time for the development of the city, and the city's vision of the development process and direction of the contour of the arrangements. Scope of Planning Area
The scope of this planning area is the administrative district of Shanghai, with a total area of 6,340 square kilometers. This plan is in line with the Shanghai Municipal Land Use Master Plan.
Planning Status and Role
Shanghai Municipal Urban Master Plan is a legal document that guides the development and construction of the city, and is also the basic basis for the implementation of urban construction and urban management. All construction activities in the city, the preparation of the national economy and social development plan, zoning plan, district (county) planning, detailed planning, special planning, etc., should implement this plan.
Planning period
The period of this plan is from 1999 to 2020, and the recent period is until 2005. The plan is based on the long-term development of the 21st century, the nature of the city, development goals, the city's town layout and transportation, municipal infrastructure layout are considered for a longer period of time, and the city's vision of the development process and direction of the contour of the arrangements.
Scope of the Planning Area
The scope of this planning area is the administrative district of Shanghai, with a total area of 6,340 square kilometers. This plan is connected with the Shanghai Municipal Land Use Master Plan.
Guiding Principles of Planning
(1) According to the requirements of the CPC Central Committee to build Shanghai into 'a leading city and three centers', further define the strategic objectives of Shanghai's urban development, facing the 21st century and reflecting the level of an international metropolis;
(2) Reflecting the requirements of the functions of an international economic center city, rationally arrange the spatial layout of the city, the distribution of productive forces and infrastructure construction, (3) Embodying the strategy of sustainable development and promoting the coordinated development of economy, society, population, resources and environment;
(4) Embodying the purpose of people-oriented and creating a good environment for citizens to live, work, study and leisure;
(5) Embodying the idea of overall regional development and integrating Shanghai's economic development with that of the city cluster of the Yangzi River Delta, with a view to the integrated development of Shanghai. integrated development, and to coordinate the construction of Shanghai's industries, energy layout and transportation and water conservancy systems.
City nature
Shanghai is an important economic center and shipping center in China, a national historical and cultural city, and will gradually build a modern socialist international metropolis, one of the international economic, financial, trade and shipping centers.
Scale of urban development
Control the population and land scale of the central city, and guide the population and industry of the central city to the suburbs to ease. 2020, the city's actual residential population of about 16 million people, of which, the non-agricultural population of 13.6 million people, the level of urbanization has reached 85%, and the centralized urbanization area of the city construction of a total land of about 1,500 square kilometers. The planned population of the central city is about 8 million people, and the land for urban construction is about 600 square kilometers; the planned population of suburban towns is about 5.6 million.
City Development Goals
In 2020, Shanghai will be initially established as one of the international economic, financial and trade centers, basically establishing Shanghai's status as an international economic center city and basically building Shanghai's international shipping center. Give full play to Shanghai's role as a link between the two international and domestic sectors of radiation conversion, and further promote the development of the Yangtze River Delta and the Yangtze River Economic Belt **** together.
The main signs:
1. Basically forming the economic scale and comprehensive strength of a modernized international metropolis, and basically forming a functional layout of the city that matches the international economic center city.
2. Basically form the urban and rural integration and coordinated development of the city town layout in line with the characteristics of a modernized metropolis, and construct an economically developed and reasonably laid-out city cluster with the cities in the Yangtze River Delta region***.
3, the basic formation of a harmonious ecological environment with nature. Comprehensively completed the green belt around the city, the formation of the suburbs to large-scale ecological woodlands as the main body, the central city to 'ring, wedge, corridor, garden' as the basis of the greening system and the city's green space system.
4, the basic formation of infrastructure framework to match the modern international metropolis. With 'three ports and two roads' (three ports refer to seaports, airports and information ports; two roads refer to high-speed railroads and expressways) as the main body, a number of hub-type major projects connecting domestic and foreign countries will be constructed; and with the construction of 'two networks' (rail transportation network and expressway network) as the main focus, a fast and convenient passenger and freight transportation network will be formed in the city area.
5. Basically forming a social development system with the promotion of comprehensive human development as its core, and constructing residential parks with reasonable layout, clean environment, complete supporting facilities, comfortable living and convenient transportation.
Direction of urban development
Expanding the development space along the river and coast, forming the waterfront towns and industrial development belts composed of Baoshan New City, Waigaoqiao Port Area (Free Trade Zone), Airport New City, Harbor New City, Shanghai Chemical Industry Zone, Jinshan New City, etc.; continuing to push forward the development of the functions of the Pudong New Area and the image of the building; focusing on the construction of new towns and central towns; Chongming as an important strategic space for the sustainable development of the 21st century in Shanghai. Chongming as an important strategic space for Shanghai's sustainable development in the 21st century.
Municipal urban system
To form a multi-level urban system consisting of 'central city - new towns (including county towns, the same below) - central towns - market towns' and a spatial layout structure consisting of 'multiple cores and axes' with the coastal development axis, the Shanghai-Nanjing and Shanghai-Hangzhou development axes, and the towns at all levels of the municipal area.
The central city is the political, economic and cultural center of Shanghai and the main body of the city's urban system, with the area within the Outer Ring Road as the scope of the central city, with a population of 8 million people and an urban construction land of 600 square kilometers.
New towns are medium-sized cities developed by district (county) governments in towns, or relying on major industries and important urban infrastructure. There are 11 planned new cities, namely Baoshan, Jiading, Songjiang, Jinshan, Minhang, Huinan, Qingpu, Nanqiao, Chengqiao, and Airport New City and Harbor New City. The population size of the new cities is generally 200,000 to 300,000 people.
Central towns are small cities developed by the city with reasonable distribution, superior location and better economic development conditions, relying on industrial development. About 22 center towns are planned, including Zhujiajiao, Sijing, Zhoupu (Kangqiao), Fengcheng, Fengjing, Baozhen, Nanxiang and Luodian, with a planned population of 50,000 to 100,000 people.
The market towns are formed by merging the existing towns (about 170 in the current situation) according to the location, transportation and resource conditions. About 80 general towns are planned, with a population size of 10,000 to 30,000 people.
Central villages are new modern rural communities with local characteristics, beautiful environments, reasonable layouts, and better infrastructure and service facilities, formed after the reasonable annexation of natural villages. The size of the central village is around 2,000 people.
Layout of the central city
The spatial layout structure of the central city is 'multi-centered and open'. The plan rationally adjusts the zoning structure according to the current natural topography and the distribution of major public **** centers as well as the requirements for optimal allocation of resources. The central city public **** activity center refers to the central business district and the main public **** activity center.
(1) Central Business District
The Central Business District consists of Pudong Little Lujiazui (the area between South Pudong Road and Dongchang Road) and Puxi Bund (the area east of Henan Road, between Hongkou Harbor and Xinkai River), with a planned area of about 3 square kilometers. The central business district integrates the functions of finance, trade, information, shopping, culture, entertainment, urban tourism as well as business offices, and arranges an appropriate amount of residences.
(2) Major Public **** Activity Centers
Major public **** activity centers refer to the municipal center and the municipal sub-center. The municipal center is centered on the People's Square, with the four commercial streets of Nanjing Road, Middle Huaihai Road, Middle Xizang Road and North Sichuan Road, and Yuyuan Mall and Shanghai Station 'Nocturnal City', and has a variety of functions of public **** activities, such as administration, office work, shopping, sightseeing, culture and entertainment, and tourism.
There are four sub-centers***, namely Xujiahui, Hua Mu, Jiangwan-Wujiaochang and Zhenru. The Xujiahui sub-center mainly serves the southwest area of the city, with a planned site of about 2.2 square kilometers; the Huamu sub-center mainly serves the Pudong area, with a planned site of about 2.0 square kilometers; the Jiangwan-Wujiaochang sub-center mainly serves the northeast area of the city, with a planned site of about 2.2 square kilometers; and the Zhenru sub-center mainly serves the northwest area of the city, with a planned site of about 1.6 square kilometers.
Shanghai City Master Plan
Shanghai is located in the eastern part of the Yangtze River Delta, on the south coast of the estuary of the Yangtze River, bordered by the East China Sea in the east, Hangzhou Bay in the south, and bordered by Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces in the west and north. It has a vast expanse of water and mudflats and flat terrain.
Shanghai is administratively divided into 17 districts and 3 counties, with a total land area of 6,340 square kilometers, of which 3,151 square kilometers are cultivated. Urban construction land is mainly concentrated in the central city, and industrial land is mainly concentrated in 30 national and municipal economic and technological development zones and industrial parks, with a developed area of about 181 square kilometers and a built-up area of about 129 square kilometers.In 1998, the city's household population was 13.07 million, of which 9.53 million were non-agricultural, and the level of urbanization reached 73%.
In order to adapt to the new situation, Shanghai has prepared a new round of master plan on the basis of the city master plan approved in 1986.
I. Guiding Ideology
Based on the requirements of the CPC Central Committee to build Shanghai into "a leading city with three centers", it embodies the idea of overall development of the region, and coordinates the planning of Shanghai's industry, energy layout, environment, transportation and infrastructure construction. It embodies the strategy of sustainable development and promotes the coordinated development of economy, society, population, resources and environment; it embodies the functional requirements of an international economic center city and rationally arranges the spatial layout, productivity layout, population distribution and infrastructure construction of the city; and it embodies the interests of the general public and creates a good environment for the citizens to live, work, study and relax.
Second, the main content of the urban master plan
1, the nature of the city, scale and development goals
City nature China's important economic center and shipping center, the country's famous historical and cultural city, and will gradually build a modern socialist international metropolis, one of the international economic, financial, trade and shipping center.
To 2020, Shanghai's population size forecast The actual resident population of the city is about 16 million, of which 13.6 million are non-agricultural population, the urbanization level has reached 85%, and the city's urban construction land scale is about 1500 square kilometers. Among them, the planned population of the central city is about 8 million, and the urban construction land is controlled within 667 square meters within the outer ring line.
City's development goals By 2020, Shanghai will be initially built as one of the international economic, financial, trade and shipping centers, and basically establish Shanghai's status as an international economic center city. Its main mark is the formation of six basic, namely, the basic formation of a modernized international metropolis of economic scale and comprehensive competitiveness; basic formation of the city's functional layout to match the international economic center city; basic formation of urban and rural areas in line with the characteristics of a modern metropolis, the coordinated development of the city's urban and rural towns layout; basic formation of the ecological environment of harmony between human beings and nature; basic formation of the modernized international metropolis to match the infrastructure framework; and the basic formation of a social development system centered on the promotion of comprehensive human development.
2, the overall layout of the city
The development direction of the city Expanding the development space along the rivers and coasts, the formation of waterfront towns and industrial development belts, continue to promote the development of the Pudong New Area functions, focusing on the construction of new towns and central towns, improve the town system, Chongming Island as the 21st century Shanghai's sustainable development of an important strategic space.
City spatial layout structure According to the policy of urban and rural integration, coordinated development, with the central city as the main body, the formation of "multi-axis, multi-layer, multi-core" city spatial layout structure. "Multi-axis" is composed of Shanghai-Nanjing Development Axis, Shanghai-Hangzhou Development Axis and Binjiang Coastal Development Axis, which is also an important part of the Yangtze River Delta City Belt. "Multi-layer" refers to the five levels of the city's town system and central villages composed of the center, new towns, central towns, general towns and so on. The "multi-core" mainly consists of the center city and 11 new towns.
The central city is the political, economic and cultural center of Shanghai, within the outer ring road as the scope of the central city; new towns are district (county) government towns, or relying on the development of major industries and urban infrastructure into a medium-sized city, the population size of 20-30 million people in general; center of the town is by the municipal scope of the distribution is reasonable, superior location conditions, economic development conditions are better, The central town is a small city developed by the larger established towns within the city, relying on industries, with a population size of 50,000-100,000 people; the general town is formed by the appropriate merger of the existing towns according to the location, transportation, resource conditions, etc., with a population size of 10,000-30,000 people; the central village is a new type of modernized rural community formed after the reasonable merger of the natural villages, which is characterized by local characteristics, a beautiful environment, a reasonable layout, and better infrastructure and service facilities, with a population size of 2,000 people. The central village is a new modern rural community with local characteristics, beautiful environment, reasonable layout, and better infrastructure and service facilities, with a population size of 2,000.
Industrial layout is divided into three levels At the first level, areas within the inner ring road of the city focus on the development of the tertiary industry, with appropriate retention of metropolitan-type industries; at the second level, areas between the inner and outer ring roads of the city focus on the development of high-tech, high value-added, non-polluting industries, and the adjustment, remediation, and improvement of the existing industrial zones; at the third level, areas outside the outer ring road of the city focus on the development of primary and secondary industries, and the improvement of economic scale. secondary industries, focusing on improving economic scale and intensification, concentrating on the construction of municipal industrial zones, and actively developing modern agriculture and suburban tourism.
3. Comprehensive Transportation
The external transportation takes the construction of Shanghai International Shipping Center as the strategic goal, and takes "Three Ports and Two Roads" as the focus of the construction, with "Three Ports" i.e. International Container Hub Port, Asia-Pacific Aviation Hub Port, Modern Information Port, and "Two Roads" as the focus. The "three ports" are the international container hub port, the Asia-Pacific aviation hub port and the modern information port, and the "two roads" are the highway and high-speed railroad. City traffic to "two networks" as the focus, "two networks" that is, urban rail transit network, city highway network, the formation of a variety of means of transport coordinated development of modern urban integrated transportation system.
In conjunction with the construction of national highways and national trunk roads, to strengthen the connection between the city highway and the Yangtze River Delta region highway network, the city basically realize the goal of "15, 30, 60". "15" that is, the important towns, industrial zones and transportation hubs and other major distribution center of the vehicle 15 minutes to enter the freeway network; "30" that is, the central city to the provincial border and the central city to the new city 30 minutes interchange; "60 " that is, 60 minutes between any two points on the highway network. In addition to increase the eastern region's external access is extremely important, so the new plan for the coastal corridor to retain the planning land.
The implementation of public transport priority policy, focusing on the development of large-capacity rail transit as the backbone of the public **** transportation system. The planning of the rail transportation system is based on the long term, and is planned once and implemented step by step. Actively build a reasonable layout, convenient transfer, economic and efficient rail transit basic network, the scale of about 280 km.
Planning and construction of the center of the city Longyang Road to the Pudong International Airport, a magnetic levitation train line. And further study on connecting neighboring provinces and cities.
Built a combined international aviation hub port with Pudong International Airport as the main airport and Hongqiao International Airport as the supplementary airport, initially forming an aviation hub in the Asia-Pacific region.
Built the Shanghai International Information Port, realized the informatization of the national economy and society, and the overall level of informatization reached the corresponding level of cities in developed countries.
The goal of Shanghai port construction is to build an international shipping center in Northeast Asia. From the overall interests of the country, integrated consideration, collaborative efforts to accelerate the construction of Shanghai international shipping center and container hub port, the core is the construction of deep-water port area with a water depth of more than 15.
4, environmental construction and protection of historical and cultural cities
To green space construction and environmental protection, governance as the focus, to improve the quality of the city's comprehensive environment; strengthen urban design, protect the city's traditional style, improve the urban spatial landscape, and basically form a harmonious ecological environment between man and nature.
The planning objectives of greening construction By 2020, the per capita indicator of public **** green space is greater than 10 square meters, the per capita indicator of green space is greater than 20 square meters, and the greening coverage rate is greater than 35%.
Planning Objectives of Water Environment Improvement and Protection Focusing on the comprehensive improvement of Suzhou Creek environment, the city's rivers will be comprehensively improved; the protection of drinking water sources will be strengthened; the sewage drainage system will be gradually improved, the quality of water environment will be improved, and the sewage treatment rate will be greater than 80%.
Planning Objectives of Air Pollution Prevention and Control Take soot, sulfur dioxide and motor vehicle exhaust as the focus of air pollution prevention and control, and implement total air pollution control. Adjustment and optimization of energy structure, combined with the west-east gas transmission project to expand the source and use of natural gas, control the total coal-fired power plants, and strive for external power sources.
Planning objectives for the protection of historical and cultural cities To protect the real historical remains and historical environment, excavate the city's historical and cultural connotations, enhance the city's cultural flavor, enhance the city's artistic taste, reflecting the **** integration of history and the future. Protection of 11 historical and cultural landscape areas and 4 historical and cultural towns, protection of cultural relics, monuments and excellent modern architecture at all levels, protection of historical neighborhoods reflecting the traditional characteristics of Shanghai, as well as the protection of the landscape of the old part of the central city.
5, residential development
Residential development to improve the quality of the living environment and the level of living services and facilities as the core, the new area and the old residential construction, relatively concentrated development. Comply with the development trend of residential commercialization, adjust the residential construction structure, reflecting the diversity and selectivity of residential, to meet the needs of families with different incomes, and strict control of high-rise residential.
Three innovations and features
1, further clarified the coastal development space along the river is the main direction of Shanghai's urban development.
2, according to the center of the city, the city area, the Yangtze River Delta, three levels, coordinating the urban spatial layout of Shanghai.
3. More attention was paid to the organic combination of the urban master plan and the economic, social and environmental development plans to further improve the comprehensive functions of the city.
4. It is clear that the "three ports" and "three networks" are the focus of Shanghai's urban infrastructure planning and construction, in order to enhance the city's external distribution and radiation capacity.
5. Taking environmental construction as the main body, creating a new image of Shanghai city and promoting the sustainable development of Shanghai.
6 pay more attention to the protection of traditional buildings and neighborhoods that reflect the historical lineage of Shanghai, and show the traditional cultural heritage.
Fourth, the implementation of the effect
According to the central government's approval of the Shanghai City Master Plan, the municipal government promptly organized the preparation of zoning plans, detailed planning of key areas and relevant special plans. It also strengthened the urban design of Suzhou River, Huangpu River and other important areas. The construction goals set by the master plan are being implemented in an orderly manner.