3.3 Arrange fire prevention duty posts and use fire fighting equipment, emergency escape routes and fire alarms.
Ability 4. Fire fighting on board
4. 1 Identify the location of the fire station and correctly demonstrate the fixed fire extinguishing system, other fire extinguishing equipment and fire extinguishing agent.
The fire fighting assembly station of this ship is located on the port side of the living area on the main deck.
The fixed fire extinguishing system is equipped with large foam fire extinguishing system and large CO2 fire extinguishing system. Foam is the best medium to put out class B fire (oil fire), but some points should be paid attention to when using it: 1. At normal temperature and pressure, the temperature of the combustion liquid should be reduced below the boiling point of the liquid; 2. When the cabin is put out of fire, it may evaporate, and the foam consumption is four times that of the general situation; 3. The system can't be used for liquid fire that may destroy the function of foam and fire fighting operations where foam is easy to emulsify in liquid; 4. The system is not suitable for fire extinguishing with liquid that may react with water; 5. When this air foam is used with other fire extinguishing devices such as dry powder, the foam may be destroyed; 6. Foam solution has good conductivity and cannot be used for electrical fire according to regulations. The fixed carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system is a one-time release system, which controls the engine room and pump room of the ship respectively. With continuous fire extinguishing function, it is suitable for extinguishing fires caused by the burning of liquid and solid surfaces. Before releasing carbon dioxide in the engine room or pump room, it should be confirmed that there are no people in the fire area before releasing carbon dioxide. The ship is also equipped with two sets of shipboard fire extinguishing systems in the engine room, which are mainly used for fire extinguishing in light oil tank areas, oil-fired boilers and other areas.
4.2 Storage location and use of fire fighting equipment (fireman's equipment includes breathing apparatus)
The Danchi * * is equipped with four sets of fire fighting equipment (including breathing apparatus), which are located in the chart room, cargo control room, engine room entrance and bow warehouse. During the fire drill, coordinate the use of firemen's equipment in the corresponding position. In order to avoid possible casualties and time delay.
4.3 Have the ability to take action according to the fire plan in fire training.
During fire fighting training, the third mate is the supervisor of fire fighting equipment, and the fire fighting exercise on board is carried out under the plan of the third mate and with the consent of the first mate and the captain. In every fire drill, all crew members should be familiar with the use of fire fighting equipment and their personal position in the fire drill. After the drill, they should make a summary and ask the leaders to comment on the deficiencies. In addition, the third mate should explain the correct operation of fire fighting equipment to all crew members.
4.4 During relevant training, put on breathing apparatus for rescue work.
E. wearing and use of E.RPP-20b air respirator: before use, check the pressure, air tightness and normal speed of air pressure drop of the gas cylinder. Put down the gas cylinder room together with the L gas cylinder and adjust it to be comfortable by pulling the shoulder strap; Fasten your belt; Loosen the two neck straps under the mask, pull open the headgear of the mask, first put the mask on the face, then pull the headgear down from front to back, put the mask on the head from top to bottom, adjust the position of the mask, make the chin enter the concave shape of the mask, first tighten the two neck straps at the lower end, and then tighten the two headband at the upper end; Check the airtightness of the mask, cover the interface of the mask with your palm, and check whether the airtightness of the mask is good by exhaling, otherwise tighten the headband or wear the mask again. You can carry out rescue work after wearing a respirator.
Competency 5. Operate life-saving equipment
5. 1 Organize ship abandonment exercise.
As the supervisor of fire fighting and life-saving equipment, the third mate should organize the personnel on board to carry out ship abandonment drills every month, and the drills should be carried out as far as possible according to the actual situation. If more than 25% of the crew are replaced, the drill should be held within 24 hours after departure. Each ship abandonment exercise shall include:
1) Use the specified alarm to call the crew to the assembly place, and ensure that all the crew understand the ship abandonment exercise;
2) Report to the meeting place and make preparations according to the responsibilities specified in the deployment table;
3) Check whether the crew life jacket or thermal life jacket is worn correctly and appropriately;
4) Start and run the lifeboat engine, and try steering and emergency rudder operation;
5.2 Demonstrate, organize and supervise the release, operation and recovery of lifeboats.
During continuous drills, different lifeboats should land as practically as possible as required. However, all lifeboats should be lowered at least once every three months and launched at least once a year. In each ship abandonment exercise, the emergency lighting system used for assembly and ship abandonment should be tested.
Operating steps for releasing boats:
1) Before starting, check the oil level of the engine base, gearbox and diesel tank, and check the engine.
2) Check the cooling water quantity of the water tank.
3) Turn on the main power switch and select A+B gear.
4) When the outside temperature is low, turn the start switch to 1 position, preheat 10-20 seconds, and then turn it to position 2 to start the ship. After starting, release the start switch and the switch will automatically return to position 0.
5) Stop: put the control handle in the "neutral" position, let the boat idle for about 2 minutes, pull the stop button to stop the boat, and finally reset the power switch.
Operation steps of ship closing:
1) Two crew members on the ship respectively locked the hooks at the bow;
2) steer the ship under the davit (aim the bow at the direction of the bow hook);
3) hang the first hook, and then hang the tail hook; All the crew on board are fixed;
4) Operate the boat winch to lift the boat, get in place and evacuate the crew;
5) Install the mooring hook, safety hook and mooring rope as they are.
5.3 Demonstrate, organize and supervise the release or throwing of life rafts, and guide them away from wrecked ships.
At present, the inflatable life raft equipped on the ship is a kind of life-saving equipment with simple operation, convenient use and small size, which can be easily put into the water in a short time. The life raft with JSQ-Ⅲ hydrostatic releaser was installed on the Danchi. You can manually pull the life raft out of the cotter pin, push the small ring on the chain hook upwards, and the belt fixing the storage tube will automatically loosen, and the life raft will be thrown overboard. During automatic release, when the wrecked ship sinks, seawater enters the water storage cavity from the water inlet, and the seawater compresses the diaphragm to compress the spring, so that the mandrel rotates inside. At the same time, the storage tube generates buoyancy, so that the hook is forced to rotate around the shaft, which drives the safety hook to rotate at the same time, and the shackle is unhooked, so that the storage tube floats up under the buoyancy, and the inflatable life raft is inflated and shaped. After the sunken ship sinks to a certain depth, the rope is easy to break and the life raft is separated from the sunken ship.
After the lifeboat leaves the ship safely, it should sail to a safe place that is not affected by the sinking or flowing pressure of the ship. Generally about 200 meters from the ship. Remove the fender of the lifeboat when leaving the ship, otherwise it will hinder the forward speed of the lifeboat, but do not remove it during the exercise. The lifeboat leaving the ship should be connected with other lifeboats as much as possible, which can increase the possibility of rescue.
5.4 Demonstrate the correct use of radio lifesaving equipment, satellite emergency locator (EPIRBs) and search and rescue transponder (SARTs).
Operating rules of two-way wireless telephone (ACR/GMDSS 16/6 survival radio: 1). Open the battery seal and install the battery; 2) Tie the movable control surface protection belt to the wrist of the operator; 3) Press the "On/Off" key 1 sec to turn on the lifesaving radio; 4) Press the "CH 16" key to light up (red) and avoid selecting "CH06"; 5) After activation, after hearing the static noise for 3 seconds, press the flashing "Push-to-Talk" key to transmit, and release this key to keep listening; 6). Adjust the volume to keep the minimum emission and protect the battery; 7). Press the "On/Off" key to turn off the power supply.
SART operating rules: In case of ship abandonment emergency, 1) Open the cover and take out the radar transponder; 2) Pull out the bolt and start the radar transponder; 3) Check whether the red light is on; 4) Fix the SART on the rubber pad of the lifeboat.
The operation of SART on the ship is the same as the first three steps, and the last step is to put SART in a spacious and unobstructed place.
Manual starting method of KANNAD-406M EPIRB: Open the safety lock and the box cover; Take the beacon, put it in an open place, or take a lifeboat, and confirm that the emergency switch is in the "on" position, and the beacon sends out distress alarm information, and the indicator light at the top of the beacon flashes; If you want to stop the distress alarm, unscrew the plastic cover of the emergency switch and turn it to the "off" position.
In order to ensure the normal operation of the beacon in an emergency, the working condition of the beacon should be detected regularly. The operation method is as follows: open the safety lock of the chassis and open the box cover; Pick up the indicator and confirm that the emergency switch is in the "ON" position. At this time, the indicator light at the top of the indicator light will blink every 0.5 seconds, indicating that the indicator light is working normally. If the indicator light flashes irregularly, it indicates that the transmitter is faulty. Then quickly put the indicator back to its original position or turn the emergency switch to the "off" position to stop the test and the indicator will stop flashing.
Note: This test should not exceed 30 seconds. If it exceeds 30 seconds, an effective distress alarm will be generated.
5.5 Ensure that the release devices of all lifeboats and liferafts on board are in good condition.
The lifeboat shall check the condition of the deck and the connecting device from the release equipment to the deck every month; Check the condition of pulleys and other unhooking devices; Check the working condition of winch, brake and ship receiving system (mechanical, hydraulic, etc.). ); Check the hanging post, turn it over at least once every 30 months and replace it every 5 years; Check the condition of handrails and boarding ladder ropes; Check the emergency lights on the deck of the ship.
The life raft shall check the fixation of the hydrostatic pressure releaser every month, keep it clean and within the validity period; Check the appearance of the breakable rope and whether the connection is correct; The storage device has neat appearance, flexible refueling and free floating; Boarding ladder should be neatly stacked without rot.
5.6~5.7 Ensure that there are enough rations and equipment on the survival craft.
Air bottles, batteries, fuel tanks and searchlights of lifeboats should be checked once a month. Regularly check the quality and quantity of fresh water and rations on the raft; Signal, medicine cabinet, life jacket, flashlight, ladle, bucket, sea anchor, Taiping axe, sunshine signal mirror, pulp, ship compass, etc. It should also be checked once a month; Also check whether the lifeboat is equipped with the following items: several watertight containers, 1 anti-rust beverage measuring cup, 1 stainless steel short rope ladle, 1 life-saving signal diagram, 1 whistle, 200 anti-seasickness drugs and 1 cleaning bag for each person, and 65438+ sailor knife.
Ability 6 medical first aid on board.
6. 1 Stop bleeding for the wounded during the drill, ensure the wounded to breathe, and place the wounded in the correct position.
Hemostasis methods include: pressure dressing, finger pressing arterial bleeding, tourniquet hemostasis and cold compress hemostasis. If there is a foreign body, you can't use pressure to stop bleeding; Cold compress can only play a temporary role, so the wounded should be placed in a suitable position for further treatment. If the injured person stops breathing or heartbeat, artificial respiration or cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed.
6.2 Symptoms of shock and heatstroke were found in related research, and appropriate measures were taken.
Symptoms of shock: mild cases may have corneal reflex, swallowing and cough reflex, and severe cases may lose consciousness and all normal reactions to various stimuli. Emergency treatment: first of all, pay attention to the danger of falling back of the tongue, obstructing breathing and cardiac arrest; When it is found that the patient's breathing and heartbeat stop, cardiac resuscitation, artificial respiration and respiratory stimulants must be carried out; Strengthen nursing, avoid collision, keep warm, keep respiratory tract unblocked, contact by radio in time, and send them ashore for treatment.
Symptoms of heatstroke: mild fatigue, nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, chest tightness, palpitation, dry and hot skin without sweat, high body temperature, flushed face, decreased blood pressure, weak and rapid pulse, and in severe cases, pale face, restlessness, limb muscle twitching, fainting and unconsciousness may occur. Treatment: Patients should immediately leave the high-temperature working environment and go to a cool and ventilated place, relax clothes, belts, shoes and socks, wipe their bodies with cold water, blow with a fan, and take ten drops of water or cool drinks to prevent collapse.
6.3 Treat burns, scalds, fractures and hypothermia through exercise.
Treatment of burns and scalds: Try to help the wounded take off clothes that are on fire or soaked in hot water, leave the scene quickly, and pay attention to whether there are respiratory burns, compound injuries or poisoning. Small limb burns, soaked in cold water or ice water for half an hour to an hour, can use sedative and analgesic drugs, but those with craniocerebral injury or respiratory dysfunction are prohibited. A triangle towel can be used to treat the wound surface. For large-area burns, there is no need for dressing, and clean clothes and sheets can be used to cover and protect the wound surface to avoid pollution and re-injury.
Treatment of fracture: First of all, we should know whether the patient has any trauma that endangers the patient's life, such as shock, avoid unnecessary examination and moving the patient, and properly bandage the wound. Generally, wounds can be compressed and bandaged with bandages or clean cloth to stop bleeding. When some blood vessels bleed, a tourniquet can be used and the tourniquet time can be recorded. Generally, broken limbs are fixed once an hour to avoid complicated injuries. Fixing materials should be simple, light and easy to carry, or simply use local materials, such as door panels and wooden sticks.
Rescue methods for patients with hypothermia: keep warm. Those with good physical strength can be soaked in warm water of 38-40 degrees. Alcoholic drinks are prohibited. Warm sweet drinks can be given. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be given to those whose heartbeat or breathing has stopped.
6.4 During training, know and select medicines and medical equipment on board.
Usually, specially trained drivers on board are responsible for the management and use of drugs. The Danchi ship is managed by the first mate, and the ward is located on the third floor. The pharmacy has a special cabinet to store all kinds of medicines. The medicine cabinet is equipped with protective net and partition, and controlled drugs are specially stored and locked. Drugs should be stored in alphabetical order of commodities or in the category and use of drugs. The label should be clear, the drug use should be registered, the controlled drug use should be copied in duplicate, and the stub should be kept at the captain's place for two years. Regularly check the expiration date of drugs and replace ineffective drugs in time.
Ability 7 to supervise compliance with statutory requirements
7. 1 national laws, regulations and rules on ship operation and pollution prevention.
The main international conventions are SOLAS (1974) and MARPOL73/78 (1973), which was amended by Protocol 1978. China has acceded to this convention. Based on the Convention, relevant domestic laws and regulations have made detailed and specific provisions on maritime traffic safety and marine environmental protection in China. The main purpose of SOLAS convention is to stipulate the minimum standards of ship structure, equipment and operation corresponding to safety. The convention stipulates that ships must be equipped with a series of certificates as proof that ships meet this standard. Chapter I General Provisions, Chapter II Subdivision and Stability, Chapter III Requirements for Life-saving Equipment and Devices, Chapter IV Radio Communication, Chapter V Navigation Safety, Chapter VI Grain Transportation, Chapter VII Dangerous Goods Transportation, Chapter VIII Nuclear-powered Ships, Chapter IX Ship Safety Management, Chapter X Safety Measures for High-speed Ships and Chapter XI Special Measures for Maritime Safety.
MARPOL73/78 Convention: This Convention covers all technical aspects of ship pollution, including not only the treatment of oil pollution, but also the treatment of chemicals and other harmful substances, garbage and domestic sewage. It is suitable for all kinds of ships except the exploration and development of seabed resources. Ships engaged in international navigation must be accompanied by valid international certificates, which can be accepted by foreign ports as preliminary evidence that the ship meets the requirements of the convention. The Convention has two protocols, one is about the report of accidents involving dangerous substances, and the other is about the arbitration of disputes.
The Regulations of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Preventing Marine Pollution from Ships stipulates the anti-pollution documents and anti-pollution equipment for ships, as well as the discharge standards for oil operations and oily sewage, and the treatment of ship garbage.
7.2 Use laws and regulations to solve problems encountered in ship operation.
The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Marine Environment, Regulations of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Ships, Discharge Standards of Pollutants from Ships and Regulations of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Management of Marine Dumping all put forward specific requirements for us. MARPOL73/78 Convention covers almost all aspects of marine pollution caused by ships, which is of great significance to prevent oil pollution and toxic liquid pollution in bulk. As long as we strictly abide by the regulations, operate according to the law and strictly implement the relevant documents formulated by the company, we can prevent marine pollution. Protecting the marine environment is the unshirkable responsibility of every sailor.