With the global emphasis on environmental protection, the development of new energy is gradually on track.
The first to gain is the automotive industry.
2019 is a year of faster development of new energy vehicles, both at home and abroad.
China, as a global power, naturally responds positively to the need for new energy development, which is also more in line with domestic development needs.
Great Wall is the first company to develop new energy vehicles, but the development process is a little slower.
BYD Wang Chuanfu do battery origin, the traditional car to do is also a boom, but also in the new energy competition in the first layout.
In addition to the transformation of these traditional car companies, there are also some newly established companies start is a new energy car, the current development of the faster Azure, Ideal and Xiaopeng Automobile.
First, new energy vehicle technology competition
New energy vehicle technology is divided into biofuel and electric.
1. Biofuel technology is mainly used for city buses, because biofuel technology is not very suitable for family cars, the popularity of the degree is not high;
Now we are generally recognized as a new energy is electric cars.
2. Electric vehicles are divided into hybrid drive and pure electric drive.
Hybrid is the development of earlier and more mature technology, hybrid as the name suggests, is the car power both from the internal combustion engine and from the electric motor, today's hybrid after the development of the basic can be realized in the low-speed electric motor drive, the medium-speed internal combustion engine drive, high-speed both drive.
Currently, hybrid technology is divided into weak hybrid (HEV) and strong hybrid (PHEV).
(1) 48V weak hybrid is familiar to everyone, simply put is to improve the motor discharge capacity, but the technical requirements are quite high, the cost requirements are also a lot higher, so this technology is mainly used in high-end brands;
(2) strong hybrid popularity is a lot higher, and the road can be seen on the green license plate of the car, basically is a strong hybrid technology. The technology is strong hybrid. As a technology that enjoys exclusive green license treatment, it naturally has its own uniqueness or ease of operation.
Strong hybrid technology is currently PHEV plug-in, which is simply understood to be the use of fuel to provide power to the power battery, and then the power battery to drive the regulator.
The biggest advantage of hybrid technology, whether weak or strong hybrid, is that you don't have to worry about range, but there is also the fatal problem of poor emission reduction, after all, the success of fuel is also fuel.
In fact, from the green card policy orientation, the current state for hybrid power technology is still relatively recognized, the future should still have room for development in the future, now both environmental protection or new energy development is in a transitional stage.
But it has to be recognized that the development of pure electric drive technology will eventually replace the existing, the current development of pure electric drive technology has also stepped into the early stage of maturity, just to be tested by the market.
Pure electric drive is divided into power cell, fuel cell and add-on program (EREV).
(1) Let's start with the add-on program, which ostensibly means a technology that can increase mileage. Programmable cars, like hybrid cars, are powered by fuel to provide electrical energy for the motor, which drives the car, but the difference is that the programmable adds an internal combustion range extender, and only when the battery power reaches a critical value will the internal combustion engine work to recharge the battery, which directly reduces emissions to a certain extent, and indirectly increases mileage.
(2) Power battery is basically a combination of elements reflecting the battery technology to provide electrical energy, and is currently more widely used is lithium batteries.
(3) Hydrogen batteries, needless to say, the advantages and disadvantages are still quite obvious. Hydrogen batteries are essentially a small reactor, the power supply is still relatively large, but unstable, once encountered violent collision may cause a big accident.
So the current direction of development for pure electric vehicles is power cells and add-on programs.
This is also the current domestic and foreign competition is more intense two plates.
Second, the new energy car battery competition
In fact, no matter whether it is a pure electric car or a programmable new energy car, for the ordinary people, the car with what technology is not important, the important thing is the configuration and range.
So the new energy car is essentially a competition of battery technology.
Time to return to 2017, this year should be a new energy policy to the year.
Although the development of new energy technology was promoted at home and abroad a few years ago, it was not until 2017 that the country began to focus on research and development in the field of automotive.
Ningde Times, BYD, Panasonic battery battle
Previously, Ningde Times is just a battery, but in 2017, the introduction of power lithium batteries quickly occupied the automotive market, and completed the GEM listing in 2018.
Power lithium batteries have a long history of development in foreign countries, but a few changes are still the same, ternary lithium batteries have been to the mainstream of automotive batteries, Ningde Times riding on the east wind of this domestic curved road to overtake the car.
On the contrary, BYD, Wang Chuanfu is known as the battery king, because BYD is to do the battery origin. But BYD does not believe in evil always want to be new in the field of batteries, from 02 years to develop lithium iron phosphate batteries, commonly known as iron batteries. But until 2017 also did not reach mass production, can only be used for domestic sales, the good thing is that the quality is still good.
Although BYD in the field of domestic automotive thick and thin, but the battery R & D direction of the miscalculation of its own once by the Ningde era overtaken the domestic battery sales champion.
Ningde era in 2018 2019 exposure and BMW Mercedes-Benz Toyota and other well-known car companies, in the wind swept under the competition to complete the upgrade of the industry and supply chain.
In 2020, Ningde Times was even exposed to plans for industrial cooperation with Tesla, which once made Ningde Times an investment hit in the capital market.
However, the first delivery of Tesla still uses the original 18650 lithium batteries provided by Panasonic.
Because Panasonic batteries started earlier, the technology is mature, and can mass produce Tesla's exclusive round lithium batteries, while Ningde Times, although the battery production is higher, but mainly square, has not completed the industrial structure.
Three, new energy competition - car competition
Tesla, as the number one new energy car company, was founded in 03 years after the development of pure electric cars.
With its early start and mature development, Tesla has risen rapidly in the east wind of government policy subsidies.
In this decade of development, Tesla has been a dominant player, expanding rapidly by virtue of its own superior R&D capabilities.
In addition to the autopilot chip to complete the self-production, at the same time open technology patents, pull together the parts supply chain manufacturers.
In terms of battery supply, on the one hand, Tesla continues to supply batteries with Panasonic and deepen industrial cooperation; on the other hand, it acquires lithium mining companies to reduce costs and improve performance;
Finally, Tesla completes the global expansion of the industry with the help of the capital market's superb financing ability.
Tesla's success has been driven by its forward-looking ability and capital policy, and it has led the way in the field of intelligentization.
Although the development of domestic electric vehicles started late, there is no lack of excellent leaders.
In 2014, Azure was founded, but it was not until the second half of 2018 that the first deliveries were completed, with more than 1,700 vehicles, and the deliveries were considered passable.
Some people say that Azalea is trying to imitate Tesla, which is not appropriate, but in the current situation of fierce competition, survival is the only thing to consider. In addition to the operation of the funds, there is also the idea of perseverance to support the continuation.
Faced with a start time that is more than 10 years behind, Azure has not only done a lot of work on cars, but has also created the Azure Auto Financial Services.
In today's world, price and technology are not absolute competitors. The Great Wall car quality is average, but car owners are not buying while scolding, relying on excellent marketing.
Then for new energy vehicles, technology and range are priorities, but in order to open the market, service is also the most important.
In this regard, the founder Li Bin embarked on the construction of the basic supply network and the charging and switching grid, the first owners of the largest discounts torn open the gap in the market.
It's worth mentioning that Azalea currently uses Ningde Times batteries, and in addition to a deep supply partnership with Ningde Times, there's also a technical level of cooperation, which is a model for the development of supply in China at this point in time.
Ideal Auto and Xiaopeng Auto are late starters, but their development has its own characteristics, so let's look forward to the subsequent development.
But as the early dividends of new energy faded, the development of new energy vehicles ushered in a new phase.
The struggle for energy since ancient times, land, oil, gold, to the current new energy struggle, it can be said that who first mastered the new energy, who will lead the new era. This is also a section of the countries struggling to develop and seize, although it is not yet particularly prominent.
The application of new energy automobile is just the tip of the iceberg, and the promotion of capital will be one of the driving forces of new energy development.
The U.S. listings of Azure Ideal and Xiaopeng have been in the U.S. At present, Azure's market capitalization on NASDAQ is over 20 billion, Ideal's on NASDAQ is over 13 billion, and Xiaopeng, which has just been listed on the New York Stock Exchange recently, has a market capitalization of 10 billion.
With the rise and development of the domestic new energy industry, I believe that the country will be more prosperous in the fight for new energy.