● Water pollution is serious, the loss is huge According to the Ministry of Water Resources of the country's more than 700 rivers about 100,000 kilometers of river length to carry out the evaluation of the quality of water resources, 46.5% of the length of the river is polluted; 10.6% of the length of the river is seriously contaminated, the water has lost the value of the use of the water body. more than 90% of the city's waters are seriously polluted. In the country's seven major river basins, Taihu Lake, Huaihe River, Yellow River Basin are more than 70% of the section of the river is polluted; Haihe River, Songliao River Basin is also quite serious pollution, pollution of more than 60% of the section of the river, the country's 1/4 of the population to drink water that does not meet the hygiene standards. Water pollution has a direct impact on our people's lives, living environment.
● River and lake shrinkage, the Yellow River, the Yellow River from 1972 to 1998, 27 years, the Yellow River, Lijin station *** 21 years, the frequency of the break has reached four years five breaks, *** counted 1050 days of the break, an average of 50 days per break year, of which 226 days of the break in 1997, the break in the river section of 704 kilometers, accounting for the downstream section of the total length of 90% of the river. 90%. The rivers in the plains of the middle and lower reaches of the Haihe River Basin have basically dried up, the siltation of the estuary has increased, and the ecological environment has been seriously damaged. Due to the drastic reduction of runoff, the sewage discharged from cities and towns cannot be diluted. The formation of a number of sewage rivers, figuratively known as: "no river is not dry, there is water is dirty." Survey shows that in the past 30 years, China's lake surface area has shrunk by 30%.
● Northwest water environment is poor At present, China's arid and semi-arid regions in the northwest of the lake in the dry phenomenon is very serious, part of the lake salinity and mineralization increased significantly, especially in the northwest of the lake salinity trend is more obvious. Xinjiang Bosten Lake, due to the construction of irrigation projects upstream, resulting in a sharp decline in the amount of water in the lake, the high salt content of the irrigation area back into the lake, therefore, the lake in just over 10 years from the freshwater lake evolved into a saltwater lake, the lake mineralization rose 6 times, the surface of the water is reduced by 120 square kilometers, the water level is reduced by 3.54 m. The lake is known as the "green labyrinth", and is also known as the "green labyrinth". Known as the "green labyrinth" known as the Junggar Basin in the western part of Lake Abbey, due to deforestation in the lake area in the 60's, the 70's cut off the flow of water, so far, Lake Abbey lake has been reduced from the past 1300 square kilometers to 600 square kilometers, the dry lake basin has been reduced to a salt desert. Once the largest saltwater lake in China's history - Lobu Po has also dried up.
● Wetland area shrinking, ecological metamorphosis Due to population growth, expansion of arable land, ecological type trespassing, China's wetland area is seriously shrinking. Years of reclamation of the Great Northern Wilderness makes this piece of China's largest wetland area has shrunk by 60%, the wetland area of the Three Rivers Plain has fallen from 4.43 million hectares at the beginning of the founding of the country to 1.9 million hectares. If urgent conservation measures are not taken, the wetlands of the Three River Plain will be lost within a decade or so.
●The consequences of enclosing lakes and fields in the south are serious The enclosure of lakes and fields is the primary reason for the shrinking of lakes in the south. Once spectacular Jianghan Lake Group due to reclamation and the disappearance of 983 lakes, an area of 2041 square kilometers, only 83 lakes remain, the vast 800 miles of dongting in less than 40 years, the area of reclamation of 2.26 million acres, siltation and reclamation of each other, leading to a vicious cycle of ecology in the lake area.
● Groundwater over-exploitation, leading to environmental problems Due to the lack of surface water resources and water pollution, resulting in some areas of groundwater predatory development, groundwater over-exploitation is very serious. According to incomplete statistics, the country has formed 149 groundwater regional landing funnels, with a funnel area of 158,000 square kilometers, of which 67,000 square kilometers, or 42.3% of the over-exploited area, are seriously over-exploited. The average over-exploitation of groundwater for many years is 6.78 billion cubic meters, and the depth of the water level in the center of some funnels has reached 60--80 meters, and ground subsidence has occurred in some cities, causing serious consequences.
●●Water and soil erosion is extensive and large, the consequences are excellent China has become one of the world's most serious soil and water erosion, the national soil erosion area of 3.67 million square kilometers, accounting for 38% of the country's land area, of which the hydraulic erosion area of 1.79 million square kilometers. In addition, more than 5 billion tons of soil are lost each year, and the country has a new desertification area of 2,100 square kilometers each year due to soil erosion, with more than 70,000 hectares of arable land lost for the same reason. Loess Plateau annual soil erosion away from the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium on 40 million tons, equivalent to the country's annual fertilizer production. Win water pollution accidents occur frequently. In recent years, water pollution accidents occur frequently across the country, an average of more than 1,600 per year. 1994 Huaihe River mega-pollution accident, resulting in 1.5 million people in the two provinces of Jiangsu and Anhui drinking water difficulties. 1996 after the Spring Festival, the Huaihe River once again pollution accidents, so that 700,000 people in the city of Bengbu into