In its contacts with all countries, including socialist countries, China has always adhered to the Five Principles of Peace and established and developed friendly and cooperative relations with many countries in the world on this basis. For example, in Asia, China has successfully solved the border problems left over from history with Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Mongolia and other countries, and solved the dual nationality problem of overseas Chinese with Indonesia, thus establishing an image of peace and becoming a model for consolidating regional peace and strengthening the unity of Asian countries. According to statistics, by the time of Premier Zhou's death in 1976, more than 90 countries had confirmed the Five Principles of Peace in the documents published with China, and 100 countries established diplomatic relations with China on this basis.
At the same time, the five principles have also crossed the ideological gap and won the recognition of western countries. In 1950s, Finland, Denmark, Sweden, France, Belgium and other countries introduced this principle into relevant documents. After 1970s, Japan, Britain, the Netherlands, the Federal Republic of Germany, Australia and the United States successively accepted this principle and wrote it into the friendly treaty or joint statement signed with China. Over the past 50 years, the Five Principles of Peace have been written into more than 60 international documents. The agreement in principle signed by the two countries is almost accepted by all countries in the world, which is very rare in the history of international relations.
Since the Five Principles of Peace were put forward, the diplomatic thoughts of China leaders have come down in one continuous line, and they have always stood on the fundamental and long-term stand of the people of China and the people of the world. Such as foreign aid. Since the founding of New China, under its own difficulties, it has provided a large number of aid projects to many countries in the world, especially some newly independent countries, focusing on benefiting people's livelihood, building hospitals, schools and highways, and sending a large number of medical teams to many poor countries.
According to statistics, there are eight main ways of China's foreign aid, namely: complete sets of projects, general materials, technical cooperation, human resources development cooperation, foreign aid medical teams, emergency humanitarian assistance, foreign aid volunteers and debt relief. Among them, the complete set of projects is the most important way of China's foreign aid, that is, China helps the recipient countries to build engineering projects in the production and civil fields by providing free aid and interest-free loans. By the end of 2009, China had helped developing countries to build more than 2,000 complete sets of projects closely related to the production and life of local people, involving industries, agriculture, culture, education, health, communications, electricity, energy, transportation and other fields.
From 65438 to 0953, China began to implement human resources development cooperation projects. At present, about 654.38 million people from developing countries receive training in China every year. In addition, China has trained a large number of management and technical personnel for recipient countries through technical cooperation.
1963, China sent the first medical team to Algeria. Up to now, China has sent foreign aid medical teams to 69 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean and Oceania. Foreign aid medical team means that China sends a team of medical personnel to the recipient country to provide some medical equipment and medicines free of charge, and provide fixed-point or itinerant medical services in the recipient country. Foreign aid medical teams generally work in backward areas where the recipient countries are short of medicine and medicine, and the conditions are very difficult. By the end of 2009, China had sent more than 2 1000 foreign aid medical team members, and 260 million patients in recipient countries had been treated by Dr. China. In 2009 alone, there were 60 foreign medical teams in China with 1.324 medical personnel, providing medical services in 1.30 medical institutions in 57 developing countries.
Over the years, China has actively participated in foreign emergency rescue operations and played an increasingly important role in international emergency humanitarian relief. Emergency humanitarian assistance means that China, on its own initiative or at the request of the affected countries, provides emergency relief materials, cash or dispatches rescue workers to reduce the loss of people's lives and property and help the affected countries cope with the difficult situation caused by disasters. In order to make the rescue operation faster and more effective, the China government formally established the emergency mechanism of humanitarian emergency relief assistance in September 2004.
In order to further reduce the debt burden of countries with economic difficulties, the China government has announced six times that it will forgive the debts of heavily indebted poor countries and least developed countries that have diplomatic relations with China for their interest-free loans due to China. Debt relief means that China forgives the government debts owed by some developing countries to China. The Government of China has never exerted repayment pressure on the debts owed by recipient countries to the Government of China. When the recipient countries encounter difficulties in repaying the interest-free loans due, the China government has always adopted a flexible way to extend the repayment period through bilateral consultations. By the end of 2009, China had signed debt cancellation protocols with 50 countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean and Oceania, and cancelled 380 debts due, amounting to 25.58 billion yuan.
The world today is in a period of great development, great change and great adjustment. The concepts of peace, development and cooperation are more deeply rooted in people's hearts. With the deepening of world multipolarization and economic globalization, the economic interdependence among countries is deepening, emerging market countries and developing countries are growing rapidly, and the international economic order is undergoing profound changes. At the same time, we should also see that since the international financial crisis, the pace of world economic recovery is still slow, the foundation is still weak, there are still many uncertainties, and the deep-seated impact of the crisis has not been eliminated. International and regional hot issues have emerged one after another, the imbalance between North and South has become more prominent, and various forms of protectionism have resurfaced. The survival and development of mankind are facing a series of new global challenges such as climate change, energy security and food security.
China leaders have repeatedly stated on different occasions that China is willing to actively participate in discussing and solving major problems in world economic development and jointly meet challenges with other countries. The steady development of Sino-Russian relations illustrates this point. China and Russia are both important emerging market countries in the world. The sustained and stable development of the two countries not only provides opportunities for each other's development, but also helps to promote the development of the world economy. In recent years, with the joint efforts of both sides, the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has achieved a strong recovery, and China and Russia are each other's main trading partners. Not long ago, during his visit to Russia, President Hu Jintao and President Medvedev agreed to strive to increase the trade volume between the two countries to US$ 654.38 billion in 2065 and US$ 200 billion in 2020. This has laid a solid foundation for further economic cooperation and development between the two countries.
The development of Sino-German relations also illustrates this point. In 2004, the two countries announced the establishment of a partnership with global responsibility within the framework of China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership. Close economic cooperation is an important pillar of Sino-German relations. Thanks to the joint efforts of the two countries, economic and technological cooperation has achieved fruitful results and brought tangible benefits. Last year, the trade volume between the two countries exceeded $654.38+0.4 billion, accounting for nearly one-third of the total trade volume between China and Europe. Germany has set up more than 7,000 enterprises in China, with the actual investment exceeding US$ 654.38+0.7 billion, ranking first among EU countries. China also imported the most technology from Europe. The two sides have signed more than 6,543,800+500,000 technology import contracts, with the contract amount exceeding 50 billion US dollars. Especially in response to the international financial crisis, the two countries have closely communicated and coordinated their actions, making positive contributions to the recovery of the world economy.