With the development of economy and the increase of vehicles, the on-site first aid for highway traffic accidents is generally carried out according to the four steps of escape, injury classification, medical treatment and frequent accidents. Trauma has become a threat to human life in modern life.
a killer. According to statistics, among modern trauma patients, traffic injuries and falls should be < P > when receiving the call for help, injuries, knife stab wounds and accidents are the main factors of urban trauma. In particular, we should know the situation at the scene and send medical staff to the scene. According to the relevant regulations, it is a traffic accident and an accident. This kind of group that produces a large number of wounded people reports to the leaders and informs the rest of the people to be in place, and establishes on-site medical treatment. The death rate and disability rate of the accident are high. Therefore, we make a preliminary summary and discussion on the on-site first aid of < P > injury accidents in group rescue headquarters, and at the same time do a good job in on-site support and hospital rescue, in order to prepare. After arriving at the scene, the medical rescue headquarters should immediately understand < P > to reduce the disability rate and mortality rate, and then improve the success rate of rescue. Report to the hospital and relevant departments on the site. At the same time, cooperate with relevant departments to ensure the normal progress of rescue work.
This group of cases are all from the 12 Emergency Center of our hospital. 2 < x > Last year's trip in L month, which controls the situation on the spot and makes the work of medical staff tense and orderly.
By December 22, more than five people who were rescued by our center were busy but not chaotic, which can give the wounded and field personnel a sense of security. Among them, 281 cases were male and 219 cases were female. There are 27 cases under 6 years old, 35 cases aged 7-14 years old, 3.2 cases aged 15-39 years old, and p>28 cases are the first to arrive at the accident, 15 cases aged 4-59 years old and 53 cases over 6 years old. First-aid personnel with the youngest age of 2 games are to get the wounded out of the injured environment first. This requires
years old, and the maximum is 7 years old. To organize on-site rescue personnel, under the guidance of medical personnel, the wounded should be sent away from the injured site according to the conventional medical first aid method with the characteristics of
2 group injury accidents, so as to avoid causing 2
2.1 patients with group injuries, so the number of injured people is as small as 5-6, with multiple injuries. In the process of handling, anyone with unknown injuries will be moved as seriously injured < P > and dozens of people (at least 5 people in this group, and at most 31 people). Transport method [2i. While leaving the wounded from the scene, according to the situation
2.2, there are many diseases, many serious patients and different injuries. The advanced medical rescue area is established according to the principle of proximity, safety and convenience for the wounded.
There are different reasons and individual differences, which lead to many diseases (advanced medical treatment, AMP). Setting
profile in AMP population resulted in different injuries of the wounded. The "wounded classification area" in this group is responsible for classifying the wounded according to "death, heavy, moderate and light" < P > Among the cases, there are 62 cases of head injury, 54 cases of chest injury and 48 cases of abdominal injury. If the number of wounded is small, the patients can be sorted by an experienced doctor, including 75 cases of fractures, 39 cases of visceral and nerve injuries, and 46 cases of severe multiple injuries. The rest are classified as severe, moderate and light, with 74 cases of limb injuries and 12 cases of soft tissue injuries. Dealing with the wounded due to sudden accidents; If there are many wounded people, several medical personnel will be sent according to the situation, and the wounded people have no preventive measures. When they are hit by various blows, they will be examined separately. Secondly, after sorting, the site is always < P > easy to cause serious damage. The commander should report the site situation to the hospital leaders in order to send someone to increase the site situation in time
2.3. Traumatic accidents with complicated site conditions occur regardless of time and place, so as to avoid wasting manpower, material resources and financial resources. In the process of rescue, focus on the disease < P >. It can happen at any time and anywhere, especially the condition and treatment of the traffic accident person should be recorded in detail, and the condition should be closely observed < P >. Therefore, the scene of the accident is injured because of the sudden accident, so as to deal with it in time. For those whose heartbeat and breathing stop, if the medical expenses are more than P, it will cause people's psychological panic and lead to chaos at the scene. The source is sufficient and the wounded are few, so it can be dealt with immediately. If the medical resources
3 are few on-site first aid, those who are dying but have the possibility of survival will be given priority.
For the treatment of the wounded in the group injury accident, the purpose of treatment is to make 3.3 referrals, and after on-site first aid treatment, more wounded people can be rescued according to the order of heavy, medium and light
. Therefore, according to certain procedures, the wounded should be quickly transferred to qualified hospitals for further rescue < P >. On the way to transfer, medical personnel should be in the side of the guardianship, and closely observe the changes in the condition, ready for rescue at any time.
4 It is very important to discuss
time for dealing with group injury accidents. One hour after the injury
is the "golden hour", and the first
1 minutes of the golden hour is the decisive time, which is called "platinum 1 minutes
minutes" and "2". This requires that the response time
of the emergency center to trauma first aid must be as short as possible. The so-called response time refers to the time from receiving the call for help to
the arrival of the ambulance at the scene of the accident. In this group of cases, the response time of our center to trauma accidents is 1-6 minutes, which is
caused by the imperfect emergency network, traffic conditions, distance and other reasons
. Therefore, we should constantly improve the first-aid network and strive to treat the injured in the shortest time. After arriving at the scene of the accident, the most urgent < P > important task is to conduct unified management and unified command of the on-site rescue.
Improper organization and coordination will not only lead to the waste of medical resources, but also
lead to the aggravation and even death of the wounded. There were
5 accidents in this group, which were caused by various reasons. The rescuers failed to coordinate and unify. In the end, although all the wounded were safely sent to the hospital,
a lot of medical resources were wasted and time was delayed. Therefore, we
call on medical staff to have the spirit of cooperation, establish the concept of putting patients first
, and put the injured in the first place. At the same time, the
department of health administration should regularly organize simulation exercises to familiarize the medical workers with the on-site organization and rescue of injury accidents, so as to meet the actual requirements.
the treatment of the wounded at the scene of the accident should be based on the principle of saving lives first and then treating injuries
, and treating serious injuries first and then treating minor injuries. The most basic
and most important measure for trauma patients is to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed and actively resist rest
Kechuan 3]. According to the current concept, pre-hospital first aid for trauma patients
must reach the level of advanced life support at the scene, which is
for first aid. Medical staff are required to have higher professional skills and good medical ethics. The cooperation between them should be tacit, the first-aid techniques should be proficient, the use of various instruments and equipment should be familiar, and the diagnosis and treatment of patients should be correct and timely. Not only should we be familiar with the characteristics of
kinds of traumatic diseases, so as to deal with the wounded
quickly, timely and correctly, but we must also be proficient in various techniques of primary life support, especially the four major techniques of trauma first aid, which should be mastered not only by medical staff
but also by all emergency center staff, and at the same time
should be popularized and popularized, so as to facilitate the on-site first aid work.
In a word, only by effective organization and coordination and proper medical measures can the death rate and disability rate be reduced. Improving the emergency response ability and medical rescue level of trauma accidents is the key to the success rate of pre-hospital rescue of group injury accidents.
references
l] Li zonghao, editor-in-chief
.
Modern rescue medicine
.
1st edition
.
Beijing: China Science and Technology Publishing House, 1999.288-293
2] Wang Yijian
. Wang Boliang, Zhong Yuexia, et al.
.
Treatment of 328 cases of highway traffic accidents
Analysis of chinese journal of critical care medicine, Looking at the Moon, 19(12):732.