I. Treatment of general chemical waste (chemical waste liquid) in the laboratory
Laboratory chemical waste liquid has a large amount and heavy treatment task, which is an important link in the treatment of three wastes. Waste liquid treatment must be classified and collected, stored safely, and it is strictly prohibited to discharge at will. Fill in the detailed information of garbage in the trash can on the garbage collection form, such as composition, content, nature, collection date, person in charge, etc., and label it, and the full-time staff will give it to the school for recycling regularly.
Second, the treatment of laboratory waste gas (waste gas)
1. A small amount of toxic gas can be diluted by ventilation equipment (fume hood or ventilation pipe) and discharged outside. The ventilation pipe should have a certain height, so that the discharged gas is easily diluted by air.
2, a large number of toxic gases must be absorbed or fully burned with oxygen before they can be discharged to the outdoor, such as nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus and other acidic oxide gases, which can be introduced into the alkali solution through the catheter to absorb and discharge.
3. For biological safety cabinets, clean benches, ultraviolet lamps and other equipment using ultraviolet ozone sterilization, because the half-life of ozone decomposition is 20 ~ 50 minutes, it is necessary to turn off the ultraviolet lamp for at least half an hour before the aseptic operation experiment can be carried out.
Three, laboratory solid waste gas (waste residue) treatment
The treatment of solid waste is similar to the treatment of waste liquid, which needs to be collected and treated according to its nature, and it is forbidden to mix and store it at will. Among them, the matters needing special attention are as follows:
1. Experimental wastes must be stored in special yellow plastic bags marked "medical wastes", and domestic wastes must be stored in black plastic bags.
2. The solid wastes of used culture media, culture bottles, culture dishes, culture plates and other microorganisms, cells and other cultures must be effectively disinfected (such as autoclaving for 30 minutes or soaking in effective chlorine solution for 2-6 hours) before being discarded or cleaned.
3. In view of the strong mutagenicity of ethidium bromide (EB), we do not encourage the use of EB dyes, and suggest the use of new alternative dyes with low toxicity (such as fluorescent dyes and braided dyes). ). If EB must be used, the waste contaminated by EB must not be discarded at will, and must be effectively purified (such as using professional EB scavenger or using activated carbon for adsorption oxidation to inactivate it).
Extended data:
Chemical waste is classified according to the form of pollutants.
(1) wastewater. The waste water produced in the laboratory includes redundant samples, residual liquid of standard curve and sample analysis, invalid storage liquid and washing liquid, and a lot of washing water. Almost all routine analysis projects have wastewater pollution problems to varying degrees. These wastewater contain various components, including the most common organic matter, heavy metal ions and harmful microorganisms, as well as relatively rare cyanide, bacterial toxins, various pesticide residues and drug residues.
(2) waste gas. The waste gas produced in the laboratory includes volatiles of reagents and samples, intermediate products in the analysis process, leaked and evacuated standard gases and carrier gases. Usually, experiments that directly produce toxic and harmful gases in the laboratory are required to be carried out in a fume hood, which is an effective way to ensure indoor air quality and protect the health and safety of analysts, but it will directly pollute the ambient air every month. Laboratory waste gas includes acid mist, formaldehyde, benzene series, various organic solvents and other common pollutants, as well as mercury vapor, phosgene and other less encountered pollutants.
(3) solid waste. Solid wastes generated in the laboratory include redundant samples, analytical products, consumed or damaged experimental articles (such as glassware and gauze), residual or invalid chemical reagents, etc. These solid wastes are complex in composition, covering all kinds of chemical and biological pollutants, especially many expired chemical reagents, which can easily lead to serious pollution accidents if they are not handled carelessly.
References:
Chongqing medical university-laboratory garbage disposal measures