(A) disc column plate (referred to as the cylinder plate) 1. Structure of the wooden base plate, the erection of three columns of different heights, with which the diameter of 3.5cm ~ 28cm discs of different discs discs have holes in the center of the hole, can be set into the columns
2. Treatment will be shifted discs from the columns to the neighboring columns, can only move a disc each time, usually the diameter of a large disc is placed in the lower, the smaller diameter disc is placed above the therapist with a stopwatch to assess the time spent on each training session to compare before and after the treatment. The therapist uses a stopwatch to evaluate the time spent by the patient during each training session for comparison before and after the treatment
3. Role
(1)Stretching the spine: Place the cylinder plate at the same level as the patient's eye level for the exercise, which will help the patient's spinal extension. For elderly patients with cervical spondylosis, it should be noted that the intensity of treatment should not be too high (Figure 10-1-1)
Figure 10-1-1 Posture and Balance
(2) Shoulder Exercise:Elevate the position of the game board or increase the height of the wooden column (Figure 10-1-2)
Figure 10-1-2 Shoulder Flexion Exercise
can improve the shoulder flexion ROMPlace the game board at the patient's When the treatment is performed in the lateral position of the body, it can improve the shoulder abduction function (Figure 10-1-3)Figure 10-1-3 Shoulder abduction exercise
(3)Elbow movement:Elevating the wooden post of the game board or increasing the distance between it and the patient, and then performing the operation, is beneficial to the elbow extension function of the patient(4)Forearm movement:Allowing the patient to rotate the forearm in an anterior position or rotate the forearm in a posterior position for the purpose of operation is beneficial to the improvement of the Forearm rotation function (Figure 10-1-4)
(5)Wrist movement: the game board will be raised or lowered position, will be conducive to wrist extension or flexion function training
(6)Thumb movement: when using a large disc, the patient's thumb carpometacarpophalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joints are straightened, interphalangeal joints are flexed for the operation of the disc if a small disc is used, the patient's thumb should be adducted to the metacarpal position
(6)Thumb movement: the patient's thumb should be adducted to the metacarpal position
(7) Forearm movement: the patient's forearm is rotated forward or backward, will help to improve the elbow extension function.
(7) Finger movement: when using the small disc training, the patient's hand metacarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints should be flexed; if using the large disc, the metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints should be straightened, and the distal interphalangeal joints should be flexed. This treatment also improves the contracture of the web of the fingers
(8) Other therapeutic effects: including upper extremity coordination training plyometrics training, and sensory training of the hand
Figure 10 -1-4 forearm exercise
(2) stationary bicycle 1. structure consists of stationary bicycle, its cushion and distance can be adjusted according to the need for cushion tilt handrail angle can be adjusted
2. training methods
(1) hip flexion: lower the cushion to lengthen the crank of the pedals to face forward; (2) hip extension: raise the cushion to lengthen the crank of the pedals to face Forward
(3) Knee flexion: lower the cushion and lengthen the pedal crank to face forward; (4) Knee extension: raise the cushion and lengthen the pedal crank to face back
(5) ankle plantarflexion exercises: raise the cushion and lengthen the pedal crank to grow to face back; (6) ankle dorsiflexion exercises: lower the cushion and lengthen the pedal crank to grow to face forward
3.function Application of this device for training, can play a role in improving the lower limb joint mobility, especially in the following cases when the application of the following different roles
(1) fractures and other orthopedic disorders (such as knee meniscectomy): if the affected side of the lower limb can be partially weight-bearing, with an increase in the joint ROM and the role of muscle strength
(2) joint disorders (in addition to rheumatoid arthritis). Rheumatoid arthritis): for example, osteoarthritis, especially for artificial hip and knee arthroplasty, help to maintain or improve joint ROM to prevent deformity and muscle shortening stimulate movement and improve muscle strength
(3) spinal injury combined with incomplete lower limb and trunk paralysis: help to maintain the lower limb joints of the full range of ROM to stimulate the movement to enhance the muscle strength to improve the balance to stimulate the coordination and training of alternating Gait is also suitable for some patients with low back injuries
(4)Lower limb amputation: patients fitted with prostheses can help to maintain the ROM and muscle strength of the joints of the lower limb on the amputated side to prevent joint stiffness and to stimulate coordination and interactive gait to improve circulation
(5)Progressive neurological disorders: patients with progressive neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and generalized muscular weakness can help to maintain ROM and muscle strength of the joints of the lower limb. ROM and muscle stimulation alternating gait maintains or improves lower limb balance improves proprioceptor afferent stimulation improves limb circulation
(6) soft tissue injuries: for example, tendon injuries or burns patients, helps to improve and/or increase joint ROM and muscle strength after immobilization period prevents contractures improves circulation for patients with soft tissue injuries of the upper limb, with the vibration stimulation of afferent stimulation, it is conducive to the restoration of sensation
(7) soft tissue injuries of the upper limb, with vibration stimulation, it is conducive to sensation Recovery
(C) work therapy lathe 1. structure is a traditional woodworking workshop with lathe, by the foot pedal conveyor belt flywheel and workbench composition
Working table with a fixed working parts of the device and a variety of cutting and other knives
2. use as a foot sewing machine, foot pedal, through the flywheel to be processed by the rotation of wood, the patient can hold the knife tool on the Wood to be processed into the shape of the disk cone and other shapes of the lathe speed is low, according to the needs of different treatments, you can adjust the size of the flywheel resistance
3. role through the training of this device, help to improve the patient's joint mobility muscle strength durability hand-eye coordination and noise tolerance and tolerance of rotating objects, etc. The training of different joints have different roles in the following
(1) Hip joint: the patient relies on the healthy leg to stand, by adjusting the height of the pedal to adjust the angle of hip flexion and extension by increasing the amount of load can be strengthened hip extensor training
(2) Knee: if the patient has knee extensor laxity, the patient sits on the seat, the use of a sling suspension of the affected leg, the healthy side of the lower limb pedaling, so that in the case of the affected leg does not bear the weight of the static contraction and When the affected leg pedals, the length of the pedal can be extended to achieve the purpose of practicing knee flexion
(3)Ankle joint: the knee joint is fixed, the feet are placed on the pedal, the healthy leg pedals at the same time as the training of the affected leg ankle flexion and extension of the range of motion in the plantar medial and lateral wedge pads can help to train the ankle joint in and out of the turn of the ankle joint function
(4)Universal workbench 1.structure The base of the working table is equipped with wheels, which can be easily moved, and the height and inclination of the working table can be adjusted according to the treatment needs
2. The patients can use the working table to train the joints of the upper and lower limbs and the trunk ROM and muscle strength in a variety of positions without affecting the tissue healing of the damaged parts of the organism
(E)Upper Limb Suspension Bracket 1.UsageThe therapist suspends the patient's forearm in the proper height with a sling, and adjusts the arm's length to the appropriate height. Forearm at the appropriate height, adjust the position of the arm to fix or limit the range of motion of the shoulder joint, adjust the weight of the weight on the loading frame to reduce the weight of the arm in order to facilitate the patient's activities using the sling can be carried out to eat, wash the face and comb the hair of the personal care activities can be carried out to write keystrokes such as writing and communication activities can be carried out to the abrasive board grinding therapeutic games such as the upper limb function of the comprehensive exercise and reading and painting and crafts such as cultural and recreational activities. (Figure 10-1-5)
2. Role of the upper limb fracture and dislocation, through the suspension of the upper arm, can reduce the weight of the limb and the cast, is conducive to the early movement of movable joints spinal cord injury multiple sclerosis and neuron diseases, etc., upper limb weakness, through the suspension can reduce the weight of the limb, is conducive to the early training of the muscle and coordination of peripheral nerve injuries, reduce the arm's self-weight so that the limb can early activity, can effectively prevent joint contracture and early muscle training
Figure 10-1-5 upper limb suspension frame
(F) suspension system
Use of axis fixed suspension for joint active movement rope fixed above the joints, limb movement parallel to the ground
1. Shoulder abduction and adduction movement (Figure 10-1-6)
Shoulder abduction and adduction movement (Figure 10-1-6)
Adaptation and adduction movement (Figure 10-1-5)
Adaptation and adduction movement (Figure 10-1-5)
Suspension system
Axis fixation is used for joint active movement. p>
Figure 10-1-6 Axis-fixed shoulder abduction and adduction
2. Hip flexion and extension movements hip flexion and extension under axis fixation
(7) Skateboard (skateboard; powerboard) This kind of device is mostly used for postoperative hip movement to increase the mobility of the joints so that the patient can learn to use the device not only to prevent the patient from making wrong movements, but also to prevent the patient from making wrong movements, so that the patient can learn to use the device. Can avoid the patient to make the wrong movement, but also can improve the patient's enthusiasm for the movement method is to put the skateboard under the affected limb is best in the foot tie roller shoes; if there is no pulley, can be sprinkled on the skateboard talcum powder, in order to reduce the friction of the limb on the skateboard
1. Hip abduction and retraction of the patient supine, the toes pointing upward to keep the hip joint is located in the center position to avoid the patient to avoid doing the hip abduction and retraction movement produced by external rotation. Hip flexion and straighteningPatient lies supine, the foot slides up and down on the slide, the knee flexes and straightens, and the hip joint does not rotate in abduction and adductionReplacement posture is the patient's affected side in the upper lateral positionSlide is placed in the middle of the two lower limbs, with pillows underneath for supportAlternatively, the slide can also be placed on a higher platformPrecautions:If the patient lies on the lateral position after the operation, avoid the hip joint on the affected side from turning inward. Avoid the affected side of the hip joint inward position
(H) nail work 1. structure of the work is one of the classic operation therapy program, by the hammer head nails and wood
(1) hammer: hammer due to the size and weight of the hammer head, as well as the shape and length of the hammer shank has different characteristics, according to the patient's needs of the work of the treatment and the analysis of the design and selection of, for example, a large, heavy, long handle of the hammer, and the design and choice of the hammer. For example, if the hammer is large and heavy with a long handle, it can generate a strong knocking force due to inertia and leverage, but in order to lift the hammer, it requires a strong grip and swinging power. If the hammer head is small and light with a short handle, it does not have a strong knocking force, but it can be operated with weak muscle power. The thickness of the hammer handle should be suitable for the patient's finger muscle strength and range of motion, so that the patient can naturally grip the handle.
There is a need to have a freely replaceable hammer handle that is suitable for the patient's finger strength and range of motion. Therefore, there should be a free replacement of different hammer handle and sponge elastic bandage and other materials, in order to adjust the hammer handle wrapped in sponge and bandage to help regulate the grip
(2) nails: the larger and longer the nails, the more the requirement of strong muscle force to knock on the contrary, the smaller and thinner the nails are shorter, the weaker the knocking force can be accomplished, but at this time but requires a high degree of dexterity, especially dexterity of the hands and the coordination between the hands and eyes. Coordination between the hand and eye with
(3) wood: the harder and thicker the wood texture, the greater the resistance, requiring a strong knocking force wood texture is soft and thin, weak knocking force can be accomplished
2. Role (1) is conducive to the improvement or enhancement of the joints of the upper limbs, especially the elbow joints, forearms, wrists, and the hand muscle strength and joint mobility
(2) is conducive to improving or enhance the dexterity of the upper limbs and hand-eye coordination