With the rapid development of production and the rapid rise of the economy, China has stepped into the ranks of high production of municipal waste. According to statistics, in 1990, China's total production of urban garbage is 69 million t, of which the city of Shanghai's garbage production of 2.7 million t (about 7,500 t per day), ranking first in the country. 1995 the total production of urban garbage in the country has amounted to 100 million t. According to the survey of 418 large and medium-sized cities statistics, China's urban garbage production to the rate of 10% per annum incremental increase is expected to the garbage by the 2010 annual production will amount to about 200 million t. The annual output of garbage is expected to reach about 200 million tons by 2010.By 2014, the historical stockpile of garbage in the country has reached more than 6 billion tons, encroaching on as much as 500 million m2 (750,000 mu) of land. More than 200 of the country's 600 cities have been surrounded by mountains of garbage. Within 1260 km of Shanghai, there are nearly 2,000 garbage piles of more than 50 m2, covering an area of about 7,900 mu. Long-term open piles of garbage have caused obvious threats and hazards to the atmospheric environment, groundwater and soil. Therefore, it is imperative to vigorously develop China's urban waste incineration technology research and equipment development and application.
Municipal garbage contains combustible and non-combustible garbage in two major parts, including combustible part of the waste paper, rags, bamboo and wood, leather, plastic and animal and plant residues. The non-combustible part is all kinds of waste metal, sand and stone, glass and ceramic fragments and so on. China's urban consumption level is low, the proportion of non-combustible components of garbage is high, and the calorific value is much lower than that of developed countries. But China's urban living standards are constantly improving, urban garbage is to reduce the water content, combustible components gradually increase the trend of development, the calorific value of the garbage in cities above the medium is generally in the range of 2512 ~ 4605 kJ/kg, individual areas have reached 3349 ~ 6280 kJ/kg, has reached or is close to the requirements of garbage incineration (calorific value of not less than 3350 kJ/kg).
It should be noted that China's municipal waste in the proportion of non-combustible components, low calorific value of garbage, high moisture content, and the composition of the garbage due to geographic areas, seasons, urban consumption levels and different years and changes, so the requirements of waste incineration equipment for the changes in the composition of the garbage (especially the changes in the moisture and calorific value) has a strong adaptive response to changes in the composition of the garbage can be fluctuations according to garbage composition of the combustion process of timely and effective adjustments. The combustion process can be timely and effectively adjusted according to the fluctuation of garbage composition to ensure timely ignition and stable combustion of garbage. Since 1985, Shenzhen City, Japan from the introduction of Martin type garbage incinerator, China's Zhuhai, Guangzhou and other cities have also adopted foreign garbage layer combustion incineration system, Shanghai Pudong New District domestic garbage incineration plant will also be the introduction of French companies to provide tilting reciprocating grate incinerator. Should be through the introduction of foreign advanced equipment, accumulation of operating experience, and gradually digested foreign advanced technology, and then combined with China's actual situation, development and research of waste incineration equipment suitable for China's national conditions.
Analysis of the characteristics of various municipal waste incineration equipment can be seen, combined with China's national conditions to develop the tilting reciprocating feed grate incinerator is reasonable and feasible. In the design, in addition to consider the heat transfer efficiency of the heating surface, should also consider the corrosion and wear of the heating surface and furnace wall, flue gas purification and automatic control. In the design of furnace arch and hearth and the arrangement and distribution of combustion air, the characteristics of low calorific value and high moisture content of municipal waste in China should be fully considered. Taking into account the actual situation in China, in the development of large-scale waste boilers, the construction of large-scale waste incineration plant at the same time, should encourage the development of small and medium-sized waste incineration equipment.