1, the preparation of the bid on the basis of
According to the Ministry of Construction, construction standard [1999] No. 1, "construction project construction contracting and contracting price management interim provisions" Article IX bidding unit should be based on the tender project and its bidding documents, combined with the specific conditions of the enterprise to determine the construction program, based on the enterprise quota or the current quota and fee standards for bidding offers. According to the "Chinese people's *** and the state bidding law" stipulates that the bidding unit can not be below cost bidding price.
In the past, the domestic project bidding and international project bidding comparison, the biggest difference is that the domestic project bidding can not exceed the up and down limit of the bidding line, usually is not higher than the bottom of the bidding 5%, not lower than the bottom of the bidding 7% (Beijing Municipality provides for civil projects bottom of the bidding lower limit of -5%, the industrial projects -7%; Shanghai Municipality provides for nationally-owned enterprises for -6%, collectively-owned enterprises -10%), beyond the upper and lower limits of the bidding. 10%), beyond the upper and lower limits of the offer is regarded as invalid offer. The bidding for international projects is not subject to this limitation.
Provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government have formulated the preparation of bids based on the bidders must be based on their own offer. For example, Beijing Municipality stipulates that the basis for the preparation of the tender is as follows:
(1) the current estimate of the quota and its supporting materials budget prices;
(2) the current standards of the fees and other relevant provisions;
(3) the current wage quotas;
(4) the bidding for the project's design drawings and the relevant instructions;
(5) after the tender (5) the bidding documents approved by the management department;
(6) the actual conditions of the construction site, etc.
The bidding company may make reasonable fluctuation according to the actual situation of staffing, machinery and equipment input, management level and specific construction organization plan and technical measures, but must be based on the above mentioned basis.
2, the content and preparation of the tender
The tender must include the following main content:
(1) tender letter. The model is as follows:
Tender (bid letter)
______ (construction unit or bidding office)
After studying the bidding conditions and survey, design, construction drawings of _________ construction and installation works, as well as visiting the construction and installation sites, we are willing to undertake the construction of all of the above works after careful study and accounting. The contents of the tender (bid letter) (omitted).
Contents of the bidding letter Name of the project Location of the project
Floor area Number of floors/total height
Structural form Design unit
Contents of the project
Bidding price Total cost of the project Meter cost
Which direct cost Which direct cost
Indirect cost Indirect cost
Materials difference price Material Difference
Other Other
Period Start Date Completion Date Calendar Days
Image Progress
Quality Bid Level Main Measures to Ensure Quality and Safety
Construction Methods and Selection of Construction Machineries
We hereby agree to be bound by this tender for a period of ____ days from the date of issue of this tender. We are willing to accept your notice of award at any time during this period (i.e., from the date of _____ to the date of _____). Once our bid is accepted, we will negotiate with your organization*** and formally sign the construction contract for the _______ building and installation works in accordance with the contents of the terms and conditions set out in the invitation to tender, and will carry out the construction work in practical accordance with the requirements of the contract to ensure that the work is completed in accordance with the quality, quantity and on time.
We promise that once this tender (bid letter) is sent out, it shall not be changed for any reason after the bidding deadline, and we shall not refuse to sign the construction contract and construction after being awarded the tender; once this tender is awarded, before signing the formal contract, this tender, together with the notification of award from your organization, will constitute a legally binding document of agreement between us and your organization.
(If the tender requires the bidder to provide a bank or higher authority guarantee, the bidder shall attach a bank or higher authority guarantee of performance to the tender (bid letter).)
Our corporate profile is as follows:
Corporate name
Address Ownership category
Audited corporate level Average number of persons
Corporate resume
Technical strength Number of engineers or more Number of assistants Number of technicians Number of workers above the fifth grade Average technical grade
Equipment Construction machinery
< p>Business License Approval AuthorityLicense No.
Date of Issuance of Bid: _____ _____ Month _____ _____ Hour
Bidding Unit: ______ (Official Seal)
Enterprise Responsible Person: _______ (Seal)
Contact Person: _______ (Seal)
Tel: _______
Address: _______
(2) Comprehensive description. Include floor area, total construction period, scheduled start and completion dates, and total amount quoted.
(3) The amount of steel, cement and lumber. Where bargaining contracting is practiced, the unit difference and the total amount of the difference should be written.
(4) Confirmation of the tender documents or make new proposals.
(5) quote description. That is, indicate the total amount of the offer is not included in the contents of the bidding unit and the requirements of the bidding unit to cooperate with the conditions should be written in the project, the number of items, the amount and the reasons for not included. The requirements of the bidding unit should be specific and clear, and put forward in the bidding unit can not be given to cooperate with the offer and requirements, such as how much to increase the offer, the extension of the requirements of the work period and other requirements and conditions.
(6) to reduce the cost of proposals and measures to explain.
(7) construction organization design or construction program. Mainly includes the general layout, the main construction methods, machinery selection, construction schedule, to ensure that the construction period, quality and safety of the specific measures, to be invested in manpower, key personnel, material resources, and to write the project manager, project technical leader's position, title, work resume, etc..
(8) single (bit) project bid. Including the name of the project, floor area, type of structure, eaves height, number of floors, quality standards, individual project cost and total price composition, subcontracting project content and proposed subcontracting units or what way to select subcontracting units.
3, bid preparation should pay attention to matters
The content of the bid mainly includes bidding price, duration, construction organization design or construction program and the amount of three materials. Preparation of tender price and the preparation of the tender is different, not all apply the fixed amount and its unit price, as well as the statutory fee standard, the duration of the fixed amount, etc., should be based on the actual level of the enterprise, and the formulation of bidding strategy for the preparation. Bid price can be appropriate floating, so that it has a certain degree of competitiveness. Preparation of the bid should pay attention to the following issues:
(a) bid
Currently, the domestic bidding for the project is divided into two categories of domestic investment project bidding and "three capital" project bid.
1), the tender price of domestic investment projects
The tender price of domestic investment projects in the calculation of the amount of work, the application of fixed unit price, the calculation of the cost of various aspects of the preparation of the tender with the same practice, but in some items of efficiency, material consumption or amortization of sales volume, the material of the inquiry, the ordering of semi-finished products processing, etc., should be combined with the strength of the enterprise and the project specific measures for the floating, you can float, but mainly down, otherwise it is not. But mainly downward floating, otherwise it is not competitive. In the fee, lump sum coefficient and engineering construction special technical measures, etc., its floating more room, this floating is also the main embodiment of the level of the tender offer. Bidding companies should make more efforts in this regard to improve the competitiveness of the offer.
2), the price of three-funded projects
Three-funded projects can be divided into the bidding documents prepared by the domestic bidding documents and bids and the preparation of bidding documents by foreign countries (including the design drawings) in two cases, should be treated differently.
(1) by the domestic preparation of tender documents of the project price
This kind of bidding for the preparation of the project price, in addition to follow the local authorities to provide for the cost of the standard, basically the same as the other aspects of domestic investment projects. The difference is that the "three capitals" project does not implement the fixed price, the contract is generally used once the lump-sum contract. Therefore, all materials, equipment, all unit prices have to ask for quotations, all unit prices have to be adjusted, for efficiency, material loss and material pricing, etc. have to carefully consider, on a variety of dry coefficients, measures and risk factors, etc., have to be combined with the construction period and the site conditions are carefully determined.
(2) by the foreign preparation of tender documents of the project price
The majority of such projects using foreign regulations and technical specifications, such as the division of the project, the rules for calculating the amount of work, the conditions of the contract for the construction as well as some of the provisions of the bidding documents, these differences with the domestic, so you should first understand and be familiar with these laws and regulations, in order to make the appropriate price.
Foreign practice is briefly described as follows:
1), the project division and quantity calculation rules:
The amount of work to "net square" shall prevail. Reinforced concrete cast-in-place sub-template (concrete contact area m2), reinforcing steel (sub-specification and varieties of t) and concrete (sub-different components to m3-based calculations); pre-cast reinforced concrete reinforcing steel and concrete two, template amortization of concrete, not a separate item, scaffolding is not measured to the cost of calculations, and so on.
2), the composition of the cost
Direct costs (called the basic cost) includes only the cost of labor and materials, machinery costs are included in the "start-up costs", overhead and profit is not a separate item and is apportioned in each sub-item.
Start-up costs: including construction equipment, project water, electricity, scaffolding, temporary facilities for both parties, employee transportation costs, workers on-site welfare and safety costs, winter and rainy season night construction costs, construction report fees.
3), the bidding documents
specify the duration of the work, penalties for delay, warranty period, retention money, the amount of guarantees, the minimum amount of third-party insurance, as well as accompanied by a list of quantities of the work, such as the bidding order must follow the basis.
4), the conditions of contract
General implementation of the internationally recognized "Conditions of Contract for Civil Engineering Works" (i.e., "FIDIC" terms and conditions of 1987, 4th edition).
Domestic bidding works in the offer, generally in the direct cost of construction water and electricity costs, construction equipment costs, scaffolding costs, etc., while the staff transportation costs, construction statement costs, etc., are included in the construction management costs, temporary facilities, winter and rainy season and night construction costs, etc., are included in the other indirect costs. Therefore, such as has been calculated in accordance with the content and standards of our fees, in the start-up costs should not be repeated.
(B) duration
Both domestic investment projects or "three capital" project, the duration of strict regulations, but the bidding if you can then consider shortening the duration without increasing or less increase in costs (such as catching up with the cost of measures, etc.), it is a great attraction to the party, foreign investors are more welcome. Therefore, the duration of the competitiveness has a fairly important impact. Of course, the duration of the proposal must be built on the basis of a reliable organizational design or construction program is really of practical significance.
(C) construction organization design or construction program
Construction organization design or construction program is an important indicator of bid evaluation, so the offer must not be ignored. Bidding companies should be practical to develop specific programs or measures, especially for the key links or new materials, new construction techniques, more should be prepared to convince the plan and strong specific measures. Duration is often the key to winning the bid.
(D) three materials
Three materials is the assessment of the strength of the construction company and the market price differentials involving materials, one of the factors affecting the bidding price. This is the domestic bidding project in the most people pay attention to a content. With the gradual opening to the outside world, the proportion of three materials is decreasing, but has not been reduced to a negligible position. In order to improve the competitiveness of the tender offer, enterprises should be based on their own strength, than the amount of fixed floating a certain rate, in terms of price should also tap the potential to obtain the advantages of price competition, so as to improve the competitiveness of its bidding.