"Three Friends" equipment in the plant
China's earliest towel factory - Shanghai Three Friends Industrial Society Towel Factory, by Chen Wanyun, Shen Jiucheng, Shen Qichong (some sources also indicate that Shen Jiucheng, Chen Wanyun, Fang Zhida) in 1912 It was founded to produce triangular brand towels, and soon became the first textile factory with a large machine production scale ever in China. "Sanyou Industrial Society was developed from a small workshop, and it was very difficult to start up." Elderly Chen Lifang, who lives on Yangshupu Road, and his brother Chen Liping (who has passed away) were once veteran workers at the Sanyou Industrial Society, "My brother worked at Sanyou in the early 1930s (of the last century), and I joined the factory in 1946. Most of us early workers were Chen Wan Yun's hometowns, some he brought from Ningbo, some recruited from Shanghai." Chen Lifang, now 84 years old, said.
In 1917, the Sanyou Industrial Society purchased 30 acres of land in Yangshupu's Yinxiang Harbor and planned to build a larger towel factory to rival the Japanese-owned Donghua Towel Factory. Discussed by the Board of Directors, the towel was named "Triangle" brand, the pattern is composed of a circle plus the inner triangle, meaning that the three people with the sweetness and pain, **** trouble. "Triangle" brand trademark is also registered in Beijing Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce for the record. The entire towel factory invested capital of 100,000 yuan. 1919, the towel factory and set up factories in Chuansha, add more than a hundred sets of wooden machines.
Chen Wan Yun, the founder of "Three Friends"
Chen Wan Yun, the founder of "Three Friends", hired Zheng Zulian, who had just returned from studying in the United States, to be the first factory manager. They changed the bleaching of raw yarns to ripe yarns, which improved the water absorption, handfeel, whiteness, and yarn skimming of towels to a new level, which was an innovation in bleaching and dyeing process at that time. Then, Sanyou continued to carry out the research of towel pattern, and they improved the original production for many years, the monotonous style of red and blue file type towel, with bright red dyes on the snow-white plain cloth printed with the words "Good morning to you", but also for the bulk of the customers free of charge to print the font size. Later, the Sanyou Industrial Society also research and production of novel and chic multi-piece weaving back to the bath towel.
Pan Junxiang that: "These three strokes, strokes have made the quality of domestic towels have made a great leap ...... triangular towels favored by the majority of users, and even exported to Southeast Asia." Breaking the Japanese companies once monopoly on the Chinese towel market, the products are sold throughout the country, and then hit the foreign market.
Triangle brand towels sell well across the country, making Japanese goods iron anchor brand towel business increasingly declining. Japanese businessmen are not willing to fail, with cheap policy, and then compete for the market, transported into the single towel iron machine 200, set up Ruihe towel factory in Howard Road, Gao Langqiao and Lanzhou Road, with cheap labor mass production of Iron Anchor brand towels.
Sanyou Industrial Society to improve product quality and reduce costs. In the promotion of national products, boycott of Japanese goods in the climax of the "love of national products" y rooted in people's hearts. In less than three years, the Japanese Ruihe towel factory restricted sales, forced to close down, Japanese iron anchor brand towels in 1923 completely out of the Chinese market.
Shortly thereafter, Sanyou bought the Hangzhou Tongyizong Yarn Factory and Dingxin Weaving Factory, which were converted into the Hangzhou Branch Factory of Sanyou. At the 1926 World's Fair in Philadelphia, USA, the towel of Sanyou was awarded the "C Grade Gold Medal (Textile Category)".
Triangular towel box
After the September 18th Incident, the workers of Sanyou General Factory set up the Anti-Japanese Rescue Association and organized the Sanyou Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army, with more than 400 people participating in it, and Chen Wanyun was the captain, and the members made their own uniforms at their own expense, and drilled every day before going to work. The volunteers also posted a giant propaganda poster on the high wall in front of the factory, titled "must recapture the three northeastern provinces", depicting a volunteer soldier, holding a long gun aimed at Japanese soldiers.
"Sanyoushe towel factory is next door to the Japanese business Donghua towel, factory stationed Japanese marines, with a lookout. The Japanese could see the Sanyoushe Towel Factory in action every day and hated it so much that from then on they regarded the Sanyoushe Towel Factory as a thorn in their side." Chen Lifang said. According to historical records, the afternoon of January 18, 1932, Japanese monks Amasaki Qisheng five people under the guise of "cultivation" in front of the Ma Yushan Road (now Shuangyang Road) Sanyoushe towel factory drumming bells, but also to the factory throwing stones. Their behavior attracted the attention of the volunteer army inside the factory, and members of the volunteer army followed them. Amanzaki and the others fled, and when they reached the Zhao residence, they were intercepted and questioned by the workers.
At this time, by the Japanese army secret service chief Tanaka Takayoshi and female spies Kawashima Yoshiko pre-employed thugs, disguised as workers into the volunteer army, the Japanese monks with stone smashing and beating, resulting in one death and two injuries, and will be blamed on the workers of the Sanyou Industrial Society. This is the sensational "Japanese monk incident".
In the early hours of the third day, Japanese military police captain Chiharu Shigeto led a group of Japanese ronin, "Japanese Youth Comrades", more than 60 people attacked the Sanyou Industrial Association, arson and destroyed six factories, hundreds of bales of cotton yarn, damage to 24 sets of looms, but also killed the Ministry of Public Works Bureau of the Chinese police, one person, two people were injured.
After the war, Tanaka Takayoshi said in his confession that he knew that the Sanyou Industrial Association was "very ****productivist, anti-Japanese, and a base for anti-Japanese", so he asked Kawashima Yoshiko, a woman who was very "close to him", to He asked Yoshiko Kawashima, a woman close to him, to "skillfully use the name of this company to kill the Nichiren Buddhist monk" and to "make a name for herself".
At 11:30 p.m. on Jan. 28, 1932, the Japanese army started the war, and the next day occupied the Sanyu Industrial House. The "Japanese monk incident" became the direct cause of the "January 28th" incident.
After being burned down, the factory building of "Sanyou"
Soon after, the war broke out in Songhu, the main factory of Sanyou was destroyed by the Japanese artillery, and the equipment was destroyed, and the loss was extremely heavy.
In June 1932, Sanyou was forced to stop the production.
The war broke out in 1937, and Hangzhou fell in December, and the factory was occupied by the Japanese. The factory was occupied by the Japanese army. The Japanese wanted Chen Wan Yun to be the chairman of Hangzhou maintenance, he refused to accept, hiding in the outskirts of Yangmeiling cave after sneaking back to Shanghai. 1938, the Japanese sent a special trip to Shanghai, to the Sanyou Industrial Society put forward the "* * * survival * * * glory" cooperation conditions, Chen Wan Yun categorically refused. At that time, Shanghai's "Declaration" and other newspapers competed to publish Chen Wan Yun's patriotic behavior.
Chen Wan Yun, in order to maintain the livelihood of the workers of the Sanyou Industrial Association, made and sold Chinese medicines in the rented area, and sold cotton fabrics on behalf of other factories. The war broke out in December 1941, and the Japanese army occupied the concession and imposed economic domination, so Chen Wan Yun had to live at home.
"That period was the most difficult time for Chen Wan Yun and the workers of Sanyou Industrial Society." Chen Lifang, a veteran worker, recalled, but Chen Wan Yun always united the workers closely around himself, and secretly supported and helped some workers to join the army to fight against the Japanese, or supported worker activists to engage in underground anti-Japanese activities.
After the victory of the war, Sanyou Industrial Society resumed production, and because of the patriotic anti-Japanese brand and good quality of the Triangle brand towels, the Triangle brand towels were soon selling well again across the country and enjoying a good reputation in Southeast Asia.
In August 1950, Chen Wan Yun, a patriotic industrialist, finished his difficult life at the age of 66 in the staff quarters of Jinchunli, Xinchang Road, Shanghai.
In 1954, Sanyou Industrial Society implemented public-private partnership and was renamed Shanghai Sanyou Industrial Society Manufacturing Factory, which was changed to a professional towel-producing factory in 1962 and has been producing and manufacturing towels.
"Three Friends" store
Chen Wan Yun, also known as Chen Man Yun, was born in September 1885 in Cixi, Zhejiang Province, a small merchant family. His father, Mr. Chen Tinghong, was always on the move.
Chen Wan Yun in his hometown at a young age into the private school, 15 years old with his father to Shanghai to earn a living, first in the suburbs of the city as an apprentice in Sanyangtai cigarettes and groceries, and then into the Hongkou Jiaxing Road, Qianxinxiang cigarettes and paper store as an apprentice. The young man Chen Wan Yun work seriously, and willing to use their brains, y respected by the owner of the store, after the full teacher to stay in the store as a mate.
On the eve of the Xinhai Revolution, the idea of "Industrial Salvation" was in the air, and Chen Wan Yun, who was concerned about the national affairs, was influenced by it and developed the idea of taking the road of industrial salvation. After a long period of careful observation, Chen Wan Yun finally found a way to start a business. At that time, the Western powers went on a rampage on China's implementation of commodity dumping, commodities for daily use is the world of foreign goods alone, a single foreign candles, imported in 1910 amounted to one million Customs two (a Customs two is equal to 1.114 two silver), foreign candles to replace China's old-fashioned oil marigold lamps and earth candles. Chen Wan Yun found that the foreign candle wick has been exclusively distributed by the Japanese Chinese Tong foreign banks, despite the high price, but the supply does not meet the demand. Chen Wan Yun, who has been working in a cigarette and paper store for many years, believes that he can start from this light and lucrative project with relatively simple production technology and embark on the journey of establishing an industry.
In April 1912, he found two partners, one was a fellow townsman, Shen Jiucheng, who worked as an apprentice in Shanghai Gao Yuxing Candle Shop, and the other was Chen's relative, Shen Qichong, who also worked in Qianxinxiang Cigarette and Paper Shop at that time. The three of them poured out all their money and collected 450 RMB, rented 5 huts in Dingxingli, Shiqing Road, South of Hengbang Bridge, North Sichuan Road, and purchased 10 hand-cranked candle wick carts to start manufacturing foreign candle wicks. The name of the workshop was "Three Friends Industrial Society", which means "Three Friends cooperate to save the country through industry".
One year after the opening of the factory, Shen Qichong jumped ship and split the shares. Soon Chen Wan Yun's fellow countryman Chen Lufu 2100 yuan, the capital increased to 2400 yuan, and in the name of the factory to add the word "Mei Kee". The product came out, "three friends" candle wicks to the advantage of low price and high quality quickly opened the market.
By 1915, the production scale of "San You" was gradually expanded. At the end of this year, "three friends" reorganized as three friends of the Industrial Society Co., Ltd. capital increased to 30,000 yuan, but also in the south of the Hengbang Bridge to build a three-story factory building, the number of workers increased to more than a hundred people. The "Three Friends" in the world of national goods first appeared.