The walls and ceilings of the operating room are made of materials that can be soundproof, solid, smooth, void-free, fireproof, moisture-proof and easy to clean. The color of light blue, light green is appropriate. The corners of the walls are rounded to prevent accumulation of dust. Viewing lamps and medicine cabinets, operating tables, etc. should be located in the wall. Door should be wide, no threshold, easy to flat car in and out, should avoid the use of easy to swing the spring door, in order to prevent the airflow of dust and bacteria flying. Windows should be double, preferably with aluminum alloy window frames, dust and heat preservation. Window glass to tea-colored is appropriate. Corridor width should be not less than 2.5m, to facilitate the operation of flatbed trucks and to avoid the collision of people coming and going. The floor should be constructed with hard, smooth and easy-to-brush materials. The ground is slightly tilted to a corner, the low place to set up a floor drain, conducive to the discharge of sewage, drainage holes with a cover, so as to avoid contaminated air into the room or blocked by foreign objects.
The power supply of the operating room should have two-phase power supply facilities to ensure safe operation. The operating room should have enough electric sockets to facilitate the power supply of various instruments and equipment. Sockets should be fireproof flower device, the operating room floor with conductive equipment to prevent sparks caused by the explosion. Electric sockets should be sealed with a cover to prevent water ingress, to avoid circuit failure affecting the operation. The main power cord is centrally located in the wall, the central suction and oxygen piping devices should be located in the wall. Lighting facilities general lighting should be installed in the wall or roof. Surgical lighting should be installed with child shadowless lamps and spare elevating lamps. Water supply and fire prevention facilities: each workroom should be installed with running water taps for easy flushing. Corridors and auxiliary rooms should be equipped with fire extinguishers to ensure safety. Hot and cold water and high-pressure steam should be fully guaranteed. Ventilation filtration sterilization device: modern operating room should establish a perfect ventilation filtration sterilization device, so that air purification. The ventilation mode has turbulent flow, laminar flow, vertical type, can be selected as appropriate. Operating room access route layout: access route layout design needs to comply with the functional process and clean and dirty partitioning requirements, there should be three access routes, one for staff access routes, the second for the sick and wounded access routes, the third for the instruments and dressings, such as circulating supply routes, as far as possible to achieve isolation, to avoid cross-infection.
The temperature regulation of the operating room is very important, there should be cold and warm air conditioning equipment. Air conditioners should be located in the upper roof, room temperature is maintained at 24 ~ 26 ℃, relative humidity to about 50% appropriate. The general operating room is 35~45m2, and the special room is about 60m2, which is suitable for extracorporeal circulation surgery, organ transplantation surgery, etc.; the area of the small operating room is 20~30m2.