Commonly used UPS batteries can be divided into lead-acid batteries, gel batteries, lithium batteries and so on.
1. Lead-acid batteries
At present, the most commonly used lead-acid batteries for valve regulated lead-acid maintenance-free batteries, the electrolyte consists of lead and sulfuric acid, characterized by the use of water without adding acid, sealing performance is good, the volume of the relatively small, as a cost-effective use of UPS batteries.
In addition to maintenance-free lead-acid batteries, there are open liquid lead-acid batteries, the need to regularly measure the specific gravity, add water and acid, if you use this type of battery, the installation environment needs to be paved with corrosion-resistant tiles.
2. Gel batteries
Gel batteries as UPS batteries, another commonly used battery types, the electrolyte is a gel state and is known as the gel battery, the design of the gel battery service life than ordinary lead-acid batteries to be longer and more stable performance, and therefore the price is relatively high.
3. Lithium battery
Another lithium battery is the first choice for green, lithium batteries do not contain lead, nickel, chromium and other heavy metals, compared to ordinary lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries have a light weight, high energy storage and self-discharge characteristics of low, but also relatively high prices.
2. How to properly use and maintain UPS batteries
How to maintain? UPS batteries are generally sealed maintenance-free batteries, it is recommended that users do a discharge test in three to six months, and observe the battery capacity indicator changes to understand the current state of the battery.
Other battery maintenance testing methods are as follows: 1. Visual inspection of the battery appearance whether there is deformation or expansion leakage phenomenon. 2. 2. Check whether the battery +, - poles are oxidized? 3. Detect whether the battery terminals are loose 4. Measure the charging voltage at the battery terminals.
(The normal value of each battery is 13.7~13.8Vdc) 5. The longer the UPS battery is used, the more intensive the regular maintenance should be, to avoid utility interruptions UPS can not delay power supply. 6. It is recommended to use the ambient temperature between 0 ℃ ~ 40 ℃, avoid direct sunlight and keep clean and ventilated.
7. The person responsible for battery maintenance is recommended to perform battery maintenance under the guidance of a professional engineer or ask a professional engineer to perform to avoid electric shock.
3. Who can say the UPS battery routine maintenance and maintenance of the notes
In the course of people's daily use of UPS uninterruptible power supply, often on the maintenance of its battery and maintenance of the degree of awareness is not enough, because of battery failure caused by the UPS power supply failure of the things that happen from time to time, and therefore to strengthen the correct use of UPS batteries and maintenance to extend the service life of the battery, reduce the UPS power supply failure, the UPS power supply failure. Therefore, to strengthen the correct use and maintenance of UPS batteries, to extend the service life of the battery, reduce the failure rate of the UPS system, has an increasingly important significance.
1. Ambient temperature. Ambient temperature is an important indicator of the impact of the use of UPS power supply, the ambient temperature is too high, the battery will be overcharged to produce gas; ambient temperature is too low, the UPS power supply will be insufficient, which will affect the service life of the battery.
Manufacturers of UPS uninterruptible power supply temperature of 20-25 degrees Celsius, the temperature increase will certainly make the UPS power discharge function enhanced, but its life is greatly reduced, usually the increase in ambient temperature will lead to increased chemical activity within the battery to produce a large amount of heat, which will, in turn, prompted by the surrounding ambient temperature increases, this vicious circle! This vicious circle will accelerate the shortening of battery life. 2. Make good use of the communication function.
In order to facilitate the daily management of the user, at present, the vast majority of large and medium-sized UPS are equipped with microcomputer communication and program control and other operable performance. In the microcomputer to install the appropriate software, the realization of the communication function allows users to real-time understanding of the working condition of the UPS power supply, such as electric input voltage, UPS output voltage, load utilization, battery capacity utilization, temperature and utility frequency and other information.
Through these intelligent operations, greatly facilitating the use of UPS power supply and its battery management. 3. Use and maintenance.
The battery should be installed in a clean, cool, ventilated, and dry place as far as possible, and should be protected from sunlight, heaters, or other sources of radiant heat. The battery should be placed in an upright position, not at an angle.
The connection between the terminals of each battery should be secure. The depth of discharge also has a significant effect on battery life.
The deeper a battery is discharged, the fewer cycles it will be used for, so deep discharging should be avoided when using it. Finally, after a certain period of time, the battery should be checked regularly, such as observing whether its appearance is abnormal or not, and measuring whether the voltage of each cell is average or not, etc. If the battery is used for a long period of time, the battery will not be discharged.
If you don't stop the power for a long time, the battery will always be in the charging state, which will make the activity of the battery worse, so even if you don't stop the power, you need to discharge the test regularly, so as to make the battery to keep the activity. Reasonable use of the battery is not only more enough to extend the service life of the battery, but also to improve the efficiency of the UPS power supply.
4. Uninterruptible power supply UPS battery correct use and maintenance
In the process of using the uninterruptible power supply system, people tend to one-sidedly think that the battery is maintenance-free and do not pay attention to. However, some data show that due to battery failure caused by the UPS host failure or abnormal work of the proportion of about 1 / 3. It can be seen that, to strengthen the correct use of UPS batteries and maintenance, to extend the service life of the battery to reduce the failure rate of the UPS system, has more and more important significance. In addition to the selection of regular brand batteries, should start from the following aspects of the correct use and maintenance of batteries: UPS power supply in the float voltage and discharge voltage, in the factory have been debugged to the rated value, and the size of the discharge current is increased with the increase in load, the use of the load should be reasonably adjusted, such as controlling the number of microcomputers and other electronic equipment used. In general, the load should not exceed 60% of the rated load of the UPS. In this range, the battery discharge current will not appear excessive discharge.
The UPS is connected to the utility for a long time, in the high quality of power supply, rarely occurs in the utility power outage in the use of the environment, the battery will be in a long-term floating charging state, over time will lead to the battery chemical energy and electrical energy conversion of each other to reduce the activity, accelerate the aging and shorten the service life. Therefore, generally every 2-3 months should be fully discharged once, discharge time can be determined according to the capacity of the battery and load size. After a full load discharge is completed, charge again for more than 8 hours as required. First of all, the input part of PS series UPS eliminates the industrial frequency transformer used for isolation from the utility or autotransformer used for voltage reduction, and adopts SPWM technology to realize rectification of high frequency (AC/DC). On the one hand, it improves the permissible variation range of utility voltage; on the other hand, it adopts digital signal processor (DSP) control in the control technology, which makes the input current sinusoidalized and in-phase with the utility voltage, thus realizing the UPS with high input power factor (PF ≈ 1), eliminating the harmonic "pollution" to the utility and achieving the purpose of environmental protection, and it is a green UPS. The UPS is a green UPS, and at the same time, it reduces reactive power loss and significantly lowers operating costs.
Secondly, the traditional inverter output frequency transformer is discarded, and a high-frequency transformer is used to realize the isolation of the UPS from the utility, which is not only low noise, but also high efficiency, and the sinusoidal direct feedback technology is used in the output stage inverter control circuit of the UPS, which makes the regulation of high-speed, and is far superior to the traditional analog feedback technology, together with the small output filter and SPWM modulation above 20kHz, so that the dynamic response of the UPS can be improved. modulation, so that the UPS dynamic response characteristics are very good, and the output sine wave is very pure and smooth.
In addition, in the inverter protection circuit using excellent filtering protection technology, so that the inverter not only has a strong overload function, but also has a strong self-protection; PS series of UPS internal battery packs are also taken to the high-frequency conversion mode charging, when the utility power supply failure, the UPS converted to power supply to the inverter from the battery is also taken to the high-frequency conversion mode of voltage reduction (DC / DC). Realization. UPS intelligence, including automatic identification and control of the system operating state, system failure self-diagnosis, automatic battery monitoring and management, intelligent internal information detection and display.
In the system operating state identification and control, through the internal sensors and state logic in time to identify the operating state of the system, determine the system operating procedures and whether the operation is normal, effectively preventing the system from misoperation of the system itself and the load brought about by the hazards, improve the reliability of the UPS.
Another aspect of UPS intelligence is realized through the monitoring software running on the PC, through the RS232 interface will be connected to the UPS and PC serial port, and run the UPS monitoring software on the PC, the PC sends a query command at regular intervals, and the UPS is returned to the operating parameters in the specified time, and then further by the PC on the UPS operating status, the specific part of the fault, etc. to judge, and to improve reliability. The PC will further judge the operation status of the UPS, the specific part of the fault, etc., and when necessary, issue instructions to the UPS to intervene and remind the maintenance personnel, and automatically suspend the operation of the computer or LAN before the end of the power supply time of the UPS, and automatically store the site information on the disk. On the basis of the introduction of a large number of microprocessor monitoring technology, the four-way PS series can establish a two-way communication regulation and management function between the UPS and the computer network, treating the UPS as an independent node of the wide-area network and installing communication adapters, and assigning an independent IP address to the UPS. In this way, the network administrator or authorized person can monitor the UPS situation remotely in real time from any place in the network through the network like a management computer. Using this control function, users can monitor the operating parameters of the UPS (e.g., input and output voltages, currents, and frequencies, charging, discharging, and displaying the voltage values of the UPS battery packs, the output power of the UPS, and the relevant fault and alarm information) in real time from the terminal of the computer network. fault and alarm information). In addition, the user can also be in the computer network terminal on the output of the UPS to perform timed automatic power-on, automatic shutdown operation, the orderly shutdown operation will ensure that the user's software and data safety and reliability.
In summary, the FourTone PS series UPS uses MOSFET and IGBT power components to successfully realize high frequency, miniaturization and high efficiency, and also extends the service life of the battery, while the network intelligence technology not only provides completely reliable network power management, but also provides an optimal solution for energy saving. It can be said that the FourTone PS series conforms to the latest UPS technology development trend, is a very competitive product in terms of performance and price, and will certainly achieve remarkable results in China's enterprise-level UPS market.
5. How to match the UPS with the battery
First, the problem of consulting
The total power of the load P total (W),
Backup time (T)
UPS use: small, medium, large server room?
Second, the calculation method
1, the number of 12V single battery N: N = V ÷ 12 2V single battery number of 6N
2, the battery operating current I: I = P total ÷ V
3, the actual battery capacity C: C = I * T ÷ Kh
For example: the power of the power supply for the 1KVA standby time of 4 hours, choose the Crestec UPS model HP9101H, V = 36V, then:
N = 36V ÷ 12V = 3
I = 1000VA ÷ 36V = 28A
C = 28A * 4H ÷ 0.9 = 124AH
The battery can be selected for the amount of 100AH a group of 3, or 65AH two groups of 6, the choice of The results of the deviation, it depends on the user's needs and cost considerations.
Note: The common capacity specifications for 12V batteries are 7Ah, 17Ah, 24Ah, 38Ah, 65Ah, 100Ah, 200Ah and so on.
6. UPS battery common terminology
1. over discharge (over discharge): lower than the specified termination voltage of the battery continues to discharge.2. recovery charge (recover charge): for the next discharge to prepare for the discharged batteries have been discharged charging the battery to restore its capacity.
3. Overcharge (over charge): to continue charging after reaching a fully charged state.
4. full discharge: the battery is discharged to the specified termination voltage according to the specified discharge current.
5. Rated voltage (nominal voltage): the standard voltage used to indicate the battery voltage. Generally a little lower than the initial voltage of the theoretical value.
6. Cycles service system: Charge and discharge as a cycle to use the way.
7. Maximum discharge current (maximum discharge current): the maximum current that can be discharged by the battery without causing deformation, appearance abnormality, pole melting, etc.
8.
8.self-discharge (self discharge): not to provide current to the outside, the current capacity of the internal loss of the phenomenon of reduction.
9. Rated capacity (nominal capacity): In the standard temperature, discharge current and termination voltage conditions, the battery can be fully charged by the manufacturer to provide a labeled ampere-hour power.
10. Hour rate: the rate of time for discharging to a set termination voltage at a constant current, generally in hours as a unit to reflect the capacity of the battery.
11. Actual capacity: The battery actually has the capacity to discharge at a certain hour rate, expressed as Ah.
12. Trickle charge: To make up for the self-discharge of the battery, the battery is discharged without stopping to charge with a small current under the state of detaching from the load.
13. Floating charge (floating charge): the battery and the load are connected in parallel to the rectifier charger, by the charger constantly to the battery to a certain voltage to maintain the charging state of the charging mode, in the event of power outages or changes in the load, the battery can be directly uninterrupted to the load to provide power.
14. Constant voltage charging (constant voltage charge): to maintain a constant voltage between the terminals of the charging mode.
15. constant current charge: charging with a constant current.
16. stand-by use: float charging and trickle charging, which are always in a state of charge, for emergency use.
17. Internal resistance (internal resistance): the sum of the resistance of the electrolyte and pole group inside the battery.
18. Discharge termination voltage (cut-off voltage of discharge): According to the size of the discharge current and the different battery categories and set the discharge to the theoretical should stop when the terminal voltage of the discharge.
19. Capacity conservation performance: After the battery is fully charged, the capacity of the battery is still retained when it is placed in an open-circuit state for a certain period of time under certain conditions.
20. Internal short-circuit (internal short-circuit): In the internal pole group of a single battery, the phenomenon of short-circuit between positive and negative plates.
7. ups how to match the battery
ups using the battery one is to look at the voltage, to see how many volts of input voltage at the battery side of the ups, generally 120V and 240V, 120V is 10 groups of batteries in series, 240V is 20 groups of batteries in series
And then look at the need to use the battery load how much power and time. The general purchase of the ups host will have a load estimate, that is, the ups ready to load the power, the general power of the ups host will be larger than the estimated power.
Then we should consider the time needed to output when using batteries, the longer the time, the higher the power consumption, the larger the required battery capacity. Multiply the time by the power to get the kWh is the power consumption, then divide this power consumption by the battery voltage to get the approximate capacity ampere hours of the battery.